1. The octopus were initially housed in plastic containers, which were placed in larger aquaria. They were housed in this way to prevent cannibalism, which is one of the many aggressive behaviors of octopuses. This system allowed visual and chemical communication between individual organisms. Housing was changed to allow pairs to live together because it was observed during mating that no cannibalism or other signs of aggression were present. Only sucker marks were seen after mating. 2. For this study, it is important to explain materials and methods in such fine detail to show exactly how the results were analyzed. Because this is an observational study, the results could be interpreted in several different ways. For instance, sucker marks
could have been marked as aggression, preventing the shared housing of pairs. However, the authors explicitly explain that despite sucker marks, they allowed pairs to be housed together because there was no sign of cannibalism. 3. The section of the results that was most interesting to me was senescence of adult octopuses after the birth of offspring. In this research, females took longer time in senescence than males – males died approximately 1-2 weeks after they stopped eating, whereas females died about 2-4 months after the start of senescence. At the beginning of senescence, female and male octopuses gradually reduced eating and hunting, eating less food less frequently. Female octopuses also began to reduce locomotion and shrink in size. Although some females began senesce while brooding, they did not stop caring for their eggs in this time period. After the last egg was laid, females typically survived between 4-6 weeks. Senescence was most interesting to me because it appears to be a negative characteristic for the species of octopuses as a whole. Not only is the species preyed on by predators like sharks and eels, but it also dies on its own. This makes me wonder how the population survives in a community, especially since human involvement in capturing octopuses is also a key factor that reduces the number of octopuses in a certain population. In terms of the broader topic of conservation, populations of octopuses are difficult to protect in case of endangerment; By the looks of it, octopuses are prone to be extinct with the accumulation of predators, senescence, and human capture. In terms of ecology, if the population of octopuses becomes extinct in a particular community, then the food web in that community may be affected negatively, further increasing the endangerment of other populations in that community.
Cephalopods are known to be exceptionally intelligent by invertebrate standards and in some respects even rival “higher” vertebrates. These animals have many highly evolved sensory and processing organs that allow them to gain a greater understanding of their environment and their place within it. Due to their advanced structures, many of which are analogous to vertebrate structures, and abilities they have been widely studied. Their methods of learning have been of prime interest and many experiments have been conducted to determine the different ways in which octopuses can learn. From these experiments four main kinds of learning have been identified in octopuses: associative learning, special learning,
Squidward Tentacles is an employee at the Krusty Krab. He is a 34 year old male. He resides in Bikini Bottom. His hobbies include playing his clarinet and painting multiple pictures which he has false hope will one day be published in some museum. He has hatred for going to work, and is horrible with customer service. He exhibits a strong desire to fit in with a higher caste than himself. There have been many episodes though where when given the chance to prove himself worthy of a higher caste he will retreat to a safer place like his house. His esteem level seems very low. He never leaves his house other than for work either. He hates being social and that’s very obvious in every action Squidward carries out. He rarely dates and when he does there is never a second date. He is a healthy man of his age. He really doesn’t have many friends. There is his two neighbors Spongebob Squarepants and Patrick Star, they want to be friends with him but Squidward can barely tolerate either of them. When he is sad he usually turns to his music, painting, or bubble baths which he takes very often. His life goal or aspiration is to be a famous artist and musician. He’s a very smart individual but has absolutely horrible social skills.
Identify the hypothesis (testable question) that the study was trying to answer and describe the methods of research used in each study.
In response to the question set, I will go into detail of the study, consisting of the background, main hypotheses, as well the aims, procedure and results gathered from the study; explaining the four research methods chosen to investigate, furthering into the three methods actually tested.
Going into details of the article, I realized that the necessary information needed to evaluate the experimental procedures were not included. However, when conducting an experiment, the independent and dependent variable are to be studied before giving a final conclusion.
At the turn of the century, American readers were interested only in stories with happy endings, where goodness was praised and evil was punished. They did not particularly care if that was a false interpretation of the way life really was. When men such as Frank Norris, the author of The Octopus, wrote angrily of the injustices and poverty to be found in America, readers turned away. The Octopus made them change their minds. The course of the novel and the reality of its characters held the readers’ attention. It is so powerful a book that people had to care about the wheat growers, almost against their wishes.
In The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, Bauby's communication with the viewer throughout the film is restricted predominantley to internal thought due to his "locked-in" syndrome. Nothing that Bauby says after his stroke can be heard by outside persons. However, when Bauby speaks during the movie, the audience can understand it as if he has the ability to talk. This feature promotes a sort of dramatic irony where the audience is able to know what it is he is wanting to say and can then react to him, but the other characters cannot. Yet, the audience can make a distinction between what Bauby directs towards an outside person and what is meant to keep to himself. For instance, when Bauby was first allowed into a wheelchair, he rode around the hallways of the hospital. He caught his reflection
When someone says the word octopus, an image of an eight legged invertebrate comes to mind. The body structure of a mature octopus is very interesting. Octopuses are extremely intelligent. They have excellent memory can use tools, and are great problem solvers. Only birds and mammals are known to be smarter. Each one of their tentacles, which are used for prying open clam shells, has two rows of suckers that can give them a pretty good grip. An octopus also tastes with its tentacles. An octopus’s third right arm, also called hectocotyli, is also its penis which a male octopus will use to mate at one or two years of age. The only part of an octopus that cannot move or squeeze through small spaces is its beak where it consumes food. This is used for biting and also breaking things apart. Did you know that octopi have three hearts? This is because these sea creatures have extra legs and three hearts are necessary for better bl...
10). Other characteristics include a focus on the objective and quantifiable, emphasis on specific concepts, the researcher is an external, large sample, measured information, and includes statistical analysis (Polit & Beck, 2017). The use of quantitative methodology fits this study’s purpose because it asks specific questions about how frequently the phenomenon occurs, what factors are related to the stated phenomenon, and what is the underlying cause (Polit & Beck, 2017). It also asks what would happen if the phenomenon was altered, and can the occurrence be prevented (Polit & Beck,
Have you ever wanted to slap eight people at once? Or if you're more of a mushy, touchy, feely person, have you ever wanted to hug eight people at once? An octopus can do either or both of these if they want to! So you know an octopus is lucky being able to do this but what's an octopuses habitat? Since they can slap eight things at once do they have predators? Or since we're on the facty facts subject where do they live?
Dumbo octopuses have three hearts, one to pump blood through their body and two branchial hearts that pump blood to the gills for getting oxygen. They have a big digestive gland, probably because it swallows it prey whole. Their preys include snails, worms, bivalves, and different types of crustaceans. These octopuses capture their food by wrapping their tentacles around it and strangling
This chapter dealt with the background of the study, problem statement with purpose and objectives. The assumptions, variables, definition of terms and delimitation of the study are also included in this chapter.
According to Pallant (2007), the obtained data needs to be analysed and interpreted very carefully in order for the researcher to gain valuable and useful information from the study (p. 100). The researcher should have at least understanding statistical techniques used in the study for data analysis. Moreover, Hair et al. (2003) have also mentioned that it is very important to determine the goodness of the collected data and analyse it accurately because the wrong data will lead the useless result (p. 306).
Chapter four: The chapter would cover analysis of the data gathered, testing of the research experiment and also provide a solid interpretation to these data.
The most significant feature of an investigative study is the precision and simplicity of the investigative problem. For a brief assertion, it definitely has a great deal of influence on the study. The statement of the problem is the central position of the study. The problem statement should affirm what will be studied, whether the study will be completed by means of experimental or non-experimental analysis, and what the reason and function of the results will bring. As an element of the opening, profound problem declarations satisfies the query of why the study should to be performed. The reason of this essay is to discuss the features of an investigative problem; in addition, the essay will center on what constitutes a researchable problem; the components of a well formed Statement of Research Problem; and, what constitutes a reasonable theoretical framework for the need of a study.