The triple screen finds abnormalities caused by aneuploidy by testing for human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol and alpha-fetoprotein, three chemicals found in the maternal serum. The quadruple screen tests for the same chemicals with the addition of inhibin A (Farrell). These tests are examples of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening that can be done on “all pregnant women, regardless of their risk of having a baby with Down syndrome or neural tube defects, serious malformations of the brain and spine” with the exception of women experiencing multiple pregnancy (Press 75, Brody). Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening uses a sample of the pregnant woman’s blood for the testing, but does not make use of the cfDNA found …show more content…
An example of this is galactosemia which causes the body to be unable to break down galactose. Effects of galactosemia may cause mental retardation, cataracts, organ failure and even death if the disorder is untreated. Early detection of this disorder by prenatal genetic testing would give the opportunity for the baby to be placed on a diet that is free of galactose after birth, preventing the serious complications of galactosemia …show more content…
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Screening for gestational diabetes has become routine in prenatal care and usually takes place ...
The child that I tested will be referred to as K.L. I tested her on April 14th 2016. K.L. is 2 years old, with her exact age being 2 years 9 months and 14 days. I called and asked her mother if she would mind dropping K.L. off with me for a few hours so I could perform the test, and then pick her back up after the test was complete. This test more accurate when the caregiver is not present. K.L. has a step sister and a baby brother on the way. She has always been in the daycare setting, because her grandmother is a provider. K.L. was delivered full term via planned cesarean section due to her mother’s small pelvis. There was no complications during this pregnancy. K.L. weighted 8 lbs. 4 oz. and was 20 ½ inches long at birth, now weighting in at ...
States. The FBI performs testing for free to all police agencies to help keep costs down
Performance Characteristics of Postpartum Screening Tests for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review, 18(7), Retrieved from http://lib-proxy.calumet.purdue.edu:2461/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?hid=15&sid=af725124-1c4c-4d18-9e92-35d14ad23d66%40sessionmgr4&vid=15&sid=af Diabetes Information Hub -. (2011). The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. Retrieved from http://diabetesinformationhub.com/GestationalDiabetes.php. Mayo Clinic. (2010).
middle of paper ... ...is a viable option for the ad. Studies would have to take many factors into account, including age, race, overall health, and so on, to properly determine what normal values are. Detecting hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin is changing the way we now look at pregnancies and pregnancy loss. With further research, its full applications in pregnancy outcomes and detection are becoming closer to being realized.
Prenatal genetic testing has become one of the largest and most influencial advances in clinical genetics today. "Of the over 4000 genetic traits which have been distinguished to date, more than 300 are identifiable via prenatal genetic testing" (Morris, 1993). Every year, thousands of couples are subjecting their lives to the results of prenatal tests. For some, the information may be a sigh of relief, for others a tear of terror. The psychological effects following a prenatal test can be devastating, leaving the woman with a decision which will affect the rest of her life.
This is called newborn screening. Within newborn screening there three test normally given. This screening occurs not long after birth and can provide details about developmental, genetic and metabolic disorders. Two test completed in the screening are for hearing loss and for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). The hearing test is completed by placing either a tiny earpiece of microphone in the infants’ ear with a sound playing to see whether the infant responds or not. Another way the test is given is by using tiny earphones and electrodes that are placed on the infant’s head to detect the brains response to sound (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 2015). The other tests that may be performed is the CCHD screen which the amount of oxygen in an infant’s blood is measured. In order to do this a sensor is placed on the infants’ skin for a couple of minutes, while the sensor measures the level of oxygen in the blood. Within in newborn screening there is also another tests which is the most important
The "Genetic Screening" Genetic Screening. NDSU,. Web. The Web. The Web.
second, prenatal testing, is a testing of a fetus at risk for the disease. The
This paper presents an ethical analysis of the mandatory newborn HIV testing law enacted in New York State. The law was passed as an effort to decrease maternal transmission of HIV, by treating infants born to HIV positive mothers immediately after birth with AZT. Newborn testing was promoted by the legislative and medical community following the overwhelmingly positive response from HIV infected pregnant women who were given AZT in the ACTG 076 clinical trials. Pregnant mothers who were given AZT had a markedly lower transmission rate than mothers who had not received it. This paper examines this newborn testing policy from a Utilitarian perspective to ascertain if the goals of the policy are feasible. The potential advantages, as well as the failures of using this policy are discussed. Implementations to improve the policy are also presented.
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis - Geraedts - 2009 - Clinical Genetics - Wiley Online Library. (n.d.). Wiley Online Library. Retrieved December 13, 2012, from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01273.x/full
Genetic testing is the process of sequencing six billion letters of a human genome to possibly discover genetic differences, such as how cells carry the same genome but at the same time look and function different. Genetic testing is also the process that can give foresight into pathological diseases such as different types of cancer.
Prenatal genetic screening in particular is a polarizing topic of discussion, more specifically, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). PGD is one of the two techniques commonly used to genetically screen embryos in vitro; it is usually done at the eight-cell stage of division. PGD is most often performed when there is the risk that one or both parents carry disease-causing mutations. It is extensively used by high-risk individuals trying to conceive babes who will be free of particular mutations. PGD can test for over 50 genetic conditions and even allows for sex selection if there are underlying gender-associated medical conditions. When the results are satisfactory, the selected embryo is implanted into the mother’s uterus. While a controversial technique, preimplantation genetic diagnosis is one example of some of the good genetic testing can do, more benefits will be furthe...
There is also a high-resolution ultrasound scanning that can detect chromosomal and physical abnormalities in the first trimester as opposed to the second trimester. A technology such as this can create many ethical problems. Mcfadyen describes the biggest problem as being informed consent. “They may believe that it will provide information only about gestational age and be unaware of the range of abnormalities that can be detected. Recent research suggests that many women are not told beforehand of the first scan’s potential to detect fetal anomalies.”
Genetic testing is a type of medical test that identifies the changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins. The results of a genetic test can confirm or rule out a genetic condition and if it can be passed on. I feel that genetic testing’s pros outweigh the cons. The physical risks of the genetic testing are very small. A positive result of genetic testing can help a person maintain prevention, and treatment options. Some test results can also help people make decisions about having children. Newborn genetic screenings can help identify genetic disorders early in life so treatment can be started as early as possible so that the unwanted gene will not pass on.