Negative Effects Of Slum

A PLEASANT PLACE WITH SLUM This essay will argue the slum has an adverse social impact in the city, meanwhile, yield cultural and social advantages for society. It will argue by considering the negative impact of the slum to the city, then it will discuss positive externalities of the slum to the society and the meaning for the wealthy class. First, it will consider the consequence of sanitation problem in the slum. Second, the slum protected working opportunity and original culture for the city. Third, it will identify the rich gain better quality of life by the boundary of the slum. Fourth, it will explain slum has created cultural specificity for the city. The existence of slum had created social concern for the city.

First, the rich could gain social-economic benefit from racial segregation in the slum. Several examples throughout slum history shows racial segregation has a consequence of social disconnection. Black belt was a slum located in Chicago, where the majority population was black migrant who moved from the south. In terms of employment and housing policy, Baldwin (2007) clarify that housing covenant prohibits property trade toward the Negroes. The divergent living area between race became an obstacle to social communication and connection, isolating and excluding the Negroes from the society. Also, Baldwin (2007) mentioned an exclusion of trade regulation has prevented working opportunity for black migrant, restricted the race to work with a skilled and professional industry, resulted in a cultural social movement called ‘Don’t Spend Your Money Where You Can’t Work’. From the black’s perceptive, the slum raised social conflict and discrimination in the city, tarnishing harmony for the

Zoning and restrictions were settled up because of the concern of individual interest by the white resident in Chicago. In terms of social welfare, Lloyd (1979) explains, there was a significant growth of the economy of the increasing population in slum migration, yet, also rise in the unemployment rate. Due to the insufficient and limited employment supply in the city, slum migrant increased the competition in the labour market. It is believed that segregation and racial covenant could ensure the employment position of skilled industry and professional, protected working opportunity for the upper class. Meanwhile, according to David (2016), the white, especially for the upper class, during the early 20th century has a hierarchy perception toward black race, considered black race was uncivilised, low-educated with an inferior culture. Whitzman (2009, p.26) argues ‘as cities were ‘invaded’ by waves of immigration, neighbourhoods would… overtaken in popularity by newer communities on the periphery.’ Slum plays a successful role as a barrier to cultural exchange for the white. For example, the establishment of the black school and a white school prevented white child to gain knowledge of black culture, in order to preserve a distinct white culture and language. A zoning for migrant in the slum has maintained the power of the rich and protected the original culture of the