You have asked the following questions: “We have a 3 story Type V residential building being protected with a 13R system. The first floor is a parking garage. Is the concealed combustible space between the first and second floor require to be protected? ” In response to your question, we have reviewed the 2010 edition of NFPA 13R you indicated as the applicable standard. Our informal interpretation is that the concealed combustible space is not required to be protected.
This issue can be horrible confusing, especially in the older editions of NFPA 13R. At that time, the NFPA technical committee had not yet come to terms with whether or not a single building could have a portion protected per NFPA 13 and another portion protected per NFPA 13R. As it turns out, that is a building code question and not an NFPA question. As such, the 2010 edition has text regarding mixed occupancies (sections 7.2.4, 7.2.4.1, and 7.2.4.2) that was removed from the 2013 edition (since it wasn’t actually correct). There are a lot of building design options available to the architect that can create significantly different sprinkler requirements (such as increasing the minimum fire area allowed for a type of construction, set back distances, etc). It is common, though, to have a residential building with first floor parking that is protected with a 13R
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It basically breaks down into two categories. One is for small garages directly accessed from the dwelling unit (typically with space for one or two cars) and are separated from other areas of the building. Then there are the open garages (often the whole floor) that contain parking for multiple dwelling units. The small garages are protected the same as the dwelling unit (treated the same as the living room). The larger garages have a higher level of protection. The fact that the larger garages are addressed confirms that they can be protected by a 13R
At 2215 hrs, on November 28, 1942, Fire Alarm Headquarters from Box 1514, situated at Stuart and Carver streets, received an alarm. When the responding apparatus arrived they found a small car fire at the corner of Stuart Street and Broadway. After the fire was extinguished the firefighters were about to return to quarters when their attention was called to smoke emanating from the Cocoanut Grove Nightclub a few doors away. Upon their arrival at the entrance of the Broadway lounge on Broadway they encountered numerous people leaving the premises admidst the cries of “fire”. The chief in charge immediately ordered that a third alarm be sounded from Alarm Box 1521 which the alarm was received by fire alarm headquarters at 2223 hrs. A civilian sent an alarm that was received at 2220 by fire alarm headquarters. As soon as the chief in charge realized that the immediate problem was one of rescue he ordered that a fourth alarm (received at 2224) and a fifth alarm (received at 1102) be sent. The apparatus responding was comprised of 25 engine companies, 5 ladder companies, 1 water tower company, 1 rescue company and various other apparatus. 18 hose steams for cooling purposes and three ladders were utilized (located at Piedmont, Broadway, and Shawmut for venting operations).
Brannigan, Francis L, and Glenn P. Corbett. Brannigan's Building Construction for the Fire Service. Sudbury, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 2007. Print.
Since the introduction of the fog/combination firefighting nozzle by Dr. Oyston Charles in the 1960 's, the discussion between the traditional smooth bore nozzle vs. fog/combination nozzle for fire attack has been ongoing and heated at times. My research has informed me that the debate between the smooth bore nozzle and fog nozzle has always and will continue to be openly controversial, particularly over the last two decades as the fire service has taken a deeper interest in firefighter safety and accident prevention. To date, my thesis statement is as follows: The benefits of the smooth bore nozzle make it a safer and more effective nozzle for direct fire attack compared to the fog or combination nozzle. This report will examine two sources that contain contrary perspectives to the above thesis statement.
On this internet, the website said that there are two Calories per one mini marshmallow. The website also said that in one cup of marshmallows there is 159 Calories. This is the same as the back of the marshmallow label we had in class. On the label it said there were 83.2 Calories per gram.
"NFPA 1710: Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Career Fire Departments, 2010 Edition." National Fire Protection Association. N.p., 1 Jan. 2010. Web. .
Prior to the fire, Hartford held the title of “best governed city in America” and had won an award in the Inter-Chamber Fire Waste contest, due to the work done by the Fire prevention Bureau (Kimball, 1944). Because the Second World War was underway and Hartford was essentially a war industry center, the city took many precautions for fire safety, which included adding fire escapes to most buildings in the city (Kimball, 1944). Though the city was cautious and thorough with the city fire codes, they were more lenient with the circus. The circus had arrived late to the city and a building department inspector was waiting for it when it arrived. Because the circus had been around longer than the fire bureau and hadn’t had any previous issues, the inspector issued a permit before anything was even set up (Kimball, 1944). It’s doubtful that even if the inspector had stayed around to look over the structure before issuing the permit, that it would have stopped the fire; however, it could have allowed for more exits to be available for the patrons.
The movie “Philadelphia” shows our society in the workforce and the discrimination that can take place because of an illness or sexual orientation. In this movie Andy Beckett, a fully competent Philadelphia lawyer, is fired from the firm wheeler & Co. because he has AIDS and because he is homosexual. According to the statutes, the American with Disabilities Act, it is unlawful for an employer to fire an individual because of a terminal illness such as cancer or in this case AIDS. Moreover in the movie Andy was diagnosed with HIV, and he does not tell his supervisors in the firm for his sickness and that he is homosexual. However this does not impede the man’s performance, and if the illness does not impede in the performance in the job, the employer has not reason to fire you. Which in this case is not true because more often the law and morality are not one and the same. For example in the movie Charles Wheeler, the senior partner who assigned Andy a very important case in which a very important letter of that case was misplaced, so they accused Andy for that incident and they also ...
The Secretary stated that “under citation No. 1, Garden Ridge contends 1910.212 (a)(1) does not apply to the cited conditions. The company asserts OSHA’s Lockout/Tagout standard, at 1910.147, is the applicable standard. Garden Ridge also argues the Secretary establish its employees were exposed to a hazard while operating the garbage compactor. Under Citation No. 2, Garden Ridge concedes it violated 1904.40(b)(2), but contests the proposed penalty”( Secretary of Labor v. Garden Ridge pg. 2). Garden Ridge argued to the judge that they believed that the Lockout/Tagout standard was being intertwined with the issue that Bryan had on the guarding of the compactor. There was proof of the LOTO standard shown to McCollough that states that if there is any type of servicing or maintenance on equipment then there is a possibility that there could be an injury to the employees. Bryan had then began to testify to the court that he had asked McCollough for a copy of the LOTO for the garbage compactor and McCollough proceeded to tell him that they did not have a LOTO procedure in place for employees because the employees did not do any maintenance work on that specific piece of equipment and so this is why OSHA’s Secretary cited Garden Ridge for the guarding standard rather than the LOTO procedure/standard. McCollough later testified in court that he did not state that there was not LOTO procedure in their store to Bryan and that it was posted on the door near the machinery. “Garden Ridge is correct when it states the Secretary has “intertwined” the issues of LOTO and machine guarding. This intertwining began with the Secretary’s inartfully drafted alleged description violation for item 1 of Citation No. 1. Generally, machine guarding violations create conditions that expose employees to injuries from points of contact during the machine’s normal production
Throughout this course, topics such as the transition from high school to college, learning skills, self-discovery, and career exploration have been discussed. Conversations occurred concerning the challenges and benefits of private and public colleges as well as the transition from high school to college. We also talked about our strengths and weaknesses while studying. Finally we talked about the jobs that we wanted, and the jobs we would be good at. During the rest of this paper, I will go into more detail about the topics we discussed; and go more in detail with what I learned.
I. Adult establishments, new and old are barred from certain districts that are zoned for manufacturing and
It has also been designed to allow latitude of new technologies and innovation. People at large are invited and encouraged to be a part of the open consensus code development procedure of the IAPMO. The code is updated every three years. you can get hold of the minutest details about the code and the development timeline of the code at the website of the IAPMO. The main contents of this code include administration, definitions, general regulations, fixture fittings and plumbing fixtures, water heaters, sanitary damage, water supply and distribution, vents, indirect wastes, interceptors and traps, storm drainage, medical gas and vacuum systems and health care facilities, fuel piping, firestop protection, referenced standards, nonpotable rainwater catchment systems and alternative water sources of nonpotable
Varone, J. C. (2012). Legal considerations for fire & emergency services (2nd ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar.
This law is for everybody. This is a written law that must be followed by everyone. If someone breaks these laws then they will face charges. This law ensures that health and safety is done properly.
Nitrogen containing flame retardants release stable and inert compounds like nitrogen gases which stop the fire cycle by either interfering with the flammable gases or with the thermal degradation of the burning material. Nitrogen containing FRs can also enhance the performance of phosphorus FRs when