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The role of religion in politics
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Essays on personality development
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The reading from “the prince” made one understand the many instances that most Princes do acquire principalities either through virtue or an attribution to fortune or by wickedness. Hence, Machiavelli made us understand that there were many instances that these princes with their own virtue had to go through trials and struggles to rise from a private station to attain their principality. Many excellent examples Machiavelli made mentioned were Moses, Cyrus, Romulus, Theseus, and such like “ by their own ability and not through fortune, have risen to be princes.” (chap. VI) On the other hand, have they not used virtue to their proceedings to attain their principality, their opportunity of becoming a prince would have become worthless and quenched. Machiavelli, in his statement, said, “Without that opportunity, their powers of mind would have been extinguished, and without those powers, the opportunity would have come in vain.” (chap.VI) Therefore, the question in mind is, what is the meaning of these Virtus in reference to these men that help them attain their principalities? …show more content…
Machiavelli then consider's Moses, Cyrus, Romulus, Theseus and such like fortunate from their opportunity. For instance, Machiavelli suggested that “It was necessary, therefore, to Moses that he should find the people of Israel in Egypt enslaved and oppressed by the Egyptians, in order that they should be disposed to follow him so as to be delivered out of bondage. It was necessary that Romulus should not remain in Alba, ..... in order that he should become King of Rome and founder of the fatherland. Cyrus should find the Persians discontented with the government of the Medes and Theseus could not have shown his ability had he not found the Athenians dispersed” (Chap. VI) These opportunities, therefore, made those men
Niccolò Machiavelli was a man who lived during the fourteen and fifteen hundreds in Florence, Italy, and spent part of his life imprisoned after the Medici princes returned to power. He believed that he should express his feelings on how a prince should be through writing and became the author of “The Qualities of a Prince.” In his essay, he discusses many points on how a prince should act based on military matters, reputation, giving back to the people, punishment, and keeping promises. When writing his essay, he follows his points with examples to back up his beliefs. In summary, Machiavelli’s “The Qualities of a Prince,” provides us with what actions and behaviors that a prince should have in order to maintain power and respect.
In his time, Machiavelli made waves with “The Prince” because he rejected the God-Ordained thinking of his time. That is to say that he believed that a king became king, not because God particularly wanted him and his bloodline to be kings, but because it happened. Due to this thinking he saw no real difference between a usurper and a dynastic king. In Machiavelli’s book, a ruler is a ruler, they are all the same and must abide by the same guidelines to rule.
A philosopher puts a microscope to the nature of the world. Niccolò Machiavelli was a philosopher and the essence of his posthumous discourse The Prince revolves around the nature of princes and their education. This is why the core of his teaching is that a prince should ruthlessly acquire and maintain power by using fear, his own arms, and a strategic combination of vice and virtue instead of fortune. Cesare Borgia, an armed non-prophet, used fear and his own armed forces to successfully maintain his empire. However, Machiavelli felt that his rise to power through fortune made his fall from power inevitable. Moses, an armed prophet, used virtue instead of fortune and the fear of God to conquer the enslaved people of Egypt. Thus, by Machiavelli’s
The Prince, written by Machiavelli is concerned with the issues politics, ruling a state and how a ruler or a leader should be. The key properties of a ruler are represented by Machiavelli in details and the inner and outer effects of the success in ruling are mentioned. One of the most important topics in The Prince is about the relationship of skillfulness (virtù) of the ruler and his good or bad chance (fortune) and their effects on gaining and keeping the power. Virtù, which has the present meaning of manliness, is used by Machiavelli as having skills, strength, intelligence and prudence of a ruler. It is the inner ability to gain the power and not to lose it easily. Fortuna, with the present use, fortune is explained as the word of God and the luck and opportunity that is given to the ruler. A ruler by fortune is dependent
He writes, “the populace is more prudent, more stable, and of sounder judgement than the prince.” He believes the weaknesses listed are only applicable to those masses which are not governed by laws. This leads to the conclusion that, “any body of men one cares to select may be blamed, and especially princes.” No inferiorities lie within the people than do with the prince and the only reason the populace is subject to such brutal critique is because, “ speak ili without fear and openly, even when the populace is ruling. But of princes people speak with the utmost trepidation and the utmost reserve.” Machiavelli believes the populace is actually sincere and their requirements, “are very seldom harmful to liberty.” Although a populace may be naive, they are competent enough to comprehend the truth and do not make mistakes on purpose. The populace in general are more appreciative and therefore are the better choice for an elected office. Machiavelli has two examples of this when the people could have elected one of their own yet chose a noble due to his talent instead. The people in general are better at ensuring liberty, expanding domains and permitting a republic to
When striving for power, there are various methods that are used in order to assert dominance over ones’ peers. As presented in The Prince, written by Niccolo Machiavelli and translated by William J. Connell, various characteristics of a true leader must be adapted and practiced in order to establish a powerful and long lasting princedom. Through Ceasare Borgia, Remirro de Orco, and Pope Alexander VI, Machiavelli is able to establish cruelty as an effective yet hazardous tool to gain power and influence. The Prince establishes cruelty as acting “to kill one’s fellow citizens, to betray one’s friends, to be without faith, without compassion, without religion”(66). In Chapter 7, Machiavelli presents Alexander VI and his need to “make a great man of the duke, his son” (59).
Here is where Machiavelli appears with the Prince. The Prince is the manual of intrusions for those looking to achieve and keep power. Among the values that Machiavelli suggests for this new kind of ruler, we can find, avoiding being too good, and avoiding pity but cultivate cruelty. Machiavelli is not looking for an internal balance; he is looking for the external balance. A balance that portrays a vision of how we want people to see us. He is not aiming for a higher spiritual level; he is looking for a higher level of political stability which translates into power. Machiavelli’s perspective of the Renaissance hero is someone who is capable to keep those around him or her in control even if that person cannot control himself or
Successful emperors throughout history have shared a few characteristics that make the job of being emperor much easier. The demands of ruling an empire are different than the demands of ruling a nation, and a good emperor understands that. An emperor is the sole ruler of his territory, and he must have control over all his people. This means that he must have the characteristics of a good leader. He must be confident in his own abilities and in the people around him. He must be a complex thinker, not too trusting and completely committed to the success of his empire. He must demand the respect of his staff and his subjects, and he must inspire in them the desire to please him and to hold the empire together. A good emporer must also be one
The Prince is a book that teaches how to become a better ruler. To become a ruler, one might take paths that are not the ideal ones; it might be for the benefit of the long run objectives. Machiavelli shows many ethical disputes one might encounter such as to be feared, to be unclear, and to be exterminator.
In “The Prince”, Machiavelli suggests that a prince should have five qualities which include; merciful, faithful, humane, upright, and religious. Machiavelli specifies that it is not a must to have those five qualities, but that it is necessary to appear to have them in order to be an accomplished leader. The first quality Machiavelli suggests that a prince should appear to have is mercy. It is a courageous act of a prince to give up the temptation to take revenge on those who oppose his rise to power. Appearing to give forgiveness is a merciful act in which allows the prince to show true remorse and commitment to those who were wronged and restore the trust that has been compromised. The aspect of learning from past mistakes makes his followers
In chapter 17 of The Prince, On Cruelty and Mercy, and Whether It Is Better to Be Loved Than to be Feared or the Contrary, Machiavelli continues his discussion of virtues that the modern reader might not consider as virtues. He considers mercy and cruelty as with generosity and ungenerosity. Machiavelli’s dark view of human nature is displayed in this chapter – a warning about those who tell you they love you in good times but desert you in bad times. He talks about how a prince should rather be feared than loved, if he cannot manage to be both loved and feared, but never hated. The text type is like a guide that he writes to instruct the reader on how to become a better prince. The purpose of this chapter is to convince the reader in a way which depicts how it is no use to be merciful, if by doing so, the prince allows disorder in the state to get out of control. The reader is the person who wants to rule a principality based on Machiavelli’s instructions.
Machiavelli’s advice to princes directly correlated to his view on human nature. He believed that every common man was born evil and selfish. That did not stop him, however, from saying that humans many show instances when they exhibit generosity and wholeheartedness. He does tell princes, however, not to count on the few occurrences that may happen, and he says, “It is necessary to be a prince to know thoroughly the nature of the people, and one of the populace to know the nature of princes”. He is saying is that it is imperative that a prince knows the natural human nature, that each and every human will become more self-interested than interested in the good of the state. If he is ignorant to that fact, his kingdom/area of rule will deteriorate simply because he believes in the citizens that occupy it. He does believe, however, that with the right training, a human being can be molded (with the help of the state, of course) and he says, “Nature creates few men brave, industry and training makes many.” Although he believes that people cannot change themselves for the good, he does think that the state and military can shape humans for the better, but there will always be
Machiavelli defines a civil principality as “when a private citizen becomes prince of his fatherland, not through crime or other intolerable violence but with the support of his fellow citizens” (The Prince, pp. 38-39). Machiavelli’s asserts that to become the prince of a civil principality doesn’t require all virtue or all fortune, but some of each, which he specifies as “fortunate astuteness” (p. 39). He also says that a man gains power through support from either the great or the people. This is because the great and the people are constantly struggling for power. The great wanting to “command and the oppress the people” (p. 39) and the people wanting “neither to be commanded nor oppressed by the great” (p. 39). Both the people and the great want a prince to protect their interest. If a man becomes prince from the great it’s harder to
Machiavelli states in his book, The Prince, that to be a good prince, one must appear to be good to his people, when in reality, he is not. This is to help deal with the idea that a prince may not possess every trait admirable in a king. Machiavelli uses the statement, “no ruler can possess or fully practice” all the characteristics the people would like to see in their prince, and it is for this reason “a prince must be prudent that he escapes ill repute for such vices as might take his position away from him.” These vices Machiavelli refers to are characteristics such as mercy and the inability to appear moral.
Machiavelli argues in chapter 5 that the key to taking over a free state is initially to destroy it. By destroying the city, Machiavelli believes that the citizens will have no choice but to follow the direction of the new prince. He goes deeper to say that if a prince who occupies these cities does not destroy it, he risk the probable outcome of a rebellion. This rebellion is brought fourth by the tradition held by the citizens and the memories of the former way of government. The second step is to live there in person to establish loyalty and the third step is letting the people live by its own laws, but establish a small government who is loyal to you to keep it friendly. Chapter 6 gives us some insight on what Machiavelli feels leadership is. Leaders, he explains, are followers too in many ways. All leaders are imitating great rulers in history. A leader who really wants to achieve glory, does so by his own prowess, meaning by his own talent. Anyone can inherit a kingdom, but not anyone can rule it with natural leadership. This kind of leadership is what makes great leaders in history such as Moses or Cyrus. Chapter 7 explains that a leader should not try to buy his subjects. If a prince buys his subjects they will only temporarily be loyal. A prince needs to eliminate his enemies and do so all at once. Even if a prince does not succeed in ruling by his own prowess in his lifetime, he is still setting a good foundation for future princes which is just as important. Chapter 8 explains the level of evil that should be done in order to rise to power. He gives us clear insight of the pros and cons of obtaining power by evil means and how to use evil in ways of benefit. Machiavelli was a man of manipulation.