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Compare and contrast biological and psychological theories of crime
Psychological theories of crime
Compare and contrast biological and psychological theories of crime
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Jack the Ripper “One day men will look back and say I gave birth to the twentieth century.” Jack the Ripper’s goal was to terrify the city and receive attention from the whole world. Not only did he achieve that, he indirectly affected police by forcing them to use new techniques and change the way they investigated crime scenes. Even though the Ripper’s murders were vicious and gruesome, they brought attention to the fact there needed to be a more effective way of investigation. During the reign of Queen Victoria, Great Britain was a wealthy empire with a very conservative society. However, there was poverty in London’s East End. Thousands of people lacked permanent homes. People slept on the streets or in workhouses. A workhouse allowed …show more content…
She was found early one morning lying near the side of the road. Her throat had been cut from ear-to-ear. Not long after this, the body of Annie Chapman was found. The cut in her neck was so deep it almost severed her head. Three weeks passed with no signs from the Ripper, but on September 27, 1888, a letter arrived that was supposedly from the killer himself. He stated that they would soon hear from him again and he would claim another life. There were many doubts that it was a sincere letter, but three days later he struck. Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes were the unlucky victims. Elizabeth had been cut at the neck, but unlike any of the other victims, the Ripper was unable to attack her abdomen. Police assumed he had been interrupted somehow. The Rippers last victim was Mary Kelly. She was much younger and prettier than any of the other victims. The Ripper had taken his time to mutilate her entire body. Her hair and eyes were the only things recognizable left. Police described this as the “work of the devil” (Anderson 7). He mutilated his victim’s bodies in a way that indicated he had some knowledge of the human anatomy. He acted during the early morning, outside so there is no other way he could have been as precise and fast as he was if he was unaware of the human body
The book The Classic Slum: Salford Life in the First Quarter of the Century by Robert Roberts gives an honest account of a village in Manchester in the first 25 years of the 20th century. The title is a reference to a description used by Friedrich Engels to describe the area in his book Conditions of the Working Class. The University of Manchester Press first published Roberts' book in the year 1971. The more recent publication by Penguin Books contains 254 pages, including the appendices. The author gives a firsthand description of the extreme poverty that gripped the area in which he grew up. His unique perspective allows him to accurately describe the self-imposed caste system, the causes and effects of widespread poverty, and the impact of World War I as someone who is truly a member of a proletarian family. His main contention is that prior to the War, the working class inhabiting the industrial slums in England "lay outside the mainstream of that society and possessed within their own ranks a system of social stratification that enclosed them in their own provincial social world and gave them little hope of going beyond it. " After the War, the working class found new economic prosperity and a better way of life, never returning to the lifestyle prevalent prior to the War.
Investigating Why the Police Were Unable to Catch Jack the Ripper I believe the most important reason why Jack the Ripper was so hard to catch was because of the lack of evidence. In those days they did not have as advanced technology as we have today for instance, we have forensics where we can tell from a strand of hair who that hair belongs to. In those days they were only just learning the significance of footprints to catching a villain. Another part to this is that Jack the Ripper was so random towards who he killed the police could not find a link between the murders except that they were all prostitutes, which did not really help, although prostitute murders were not terribly uncommon. The press coverage to the case didn’t help much as they had forced the police to investigate ‘Leather Apron’ and this wasted a significant amount of the police time which, if spent properly, may have allowed them to uncover more information needed to catch the Ripper.
The case of Joseph Vacher was as well-known, more deadly, and even compared to, the murders committed by “Jack the Ripper” so much so that Vacher even screamed that he was “Joseph the Ripper”. This murder, whose identity was unknown at the time, left a trail of terror where ever he went, his capture became a career making opportunity for the investigating magistrates. After Vacher was captured a new branch of criminal interrogation was used to try to incriminate him in the murders that it was believed he had done. The major breakthrough in criminology came in the form of the methods that lead to his capture and identification.
How the Police Tried to Catch Jack the Ripper In the 1880s, the police were very different from the police of today. Their main propose was crime prevention and their methods their methods were very primitive Source F is a police leaflet, which was published after the murders of Elizabeth Stride and Kate Eddowes; it was written to aid the police in their investigation it was also written in a factual tone, it suggests that the police were appealing for any information regarding suspicious characters. Because of the timing of this leaflet shows the desperation faced by the police but for because of the many defects reasons the leaflet was not successful: The first being that they did not offer any description of the murderer at all, 'person to whom suspicion was attached'. The second being that they still assumed that the person was living in Whitechapel, when there was a large amount of evidence suggested that the murderer wasn't from Whitechapel (the fact that the murders were all done on the weekends or on Friday nights, which suggests that he had a job and came into Whitechapel to murder).
Wohl, Anthony S. The Eternal Slum: Housing and Social Policy in Victorian London. London: Edward Arnold, 1977.
The Failure of Police to Catch Jack the Ripper The Whitechapel murderer, known to many as Jack the Ripper was never caught and imprisoned for his awful crimes. Police still do not know who he is. There are several explanations as to why he was never caught and in this essay I will discuss them. The police were unable to catch Jack the Ripper as they felt that no-one actually knew what he looked like.
When Queen Alexandrina Victoria took reign of england on june 20th 1837, her country was amidst a class evolution derived from the consequences of industrialization. Early industrialization saw vast exploitation of the lower classes, but by the mid 19th century reforms had improved working conditions. The late industrialization era saw the s...
Murder is murder, or taking the life of another person. Repeatedly taking the life of other people is killing in a serial way. Serial killers are those individuals who repeatedly murder other people. There have been thousands of nameless serial killers, but none more famous than Jack the Ripper. The 1888 maliciousness of Jack the Ripper became one of the very first investigated, and most widely studied, serial murder cases, that established the protocols that are still used today to investigate these heinous crimes. The name Jack the Ripper has instilled fear in the public since 1888, and is a name that is synonymous with serial killing. Jack the Ripper set the bar by which all other serial killers are judged, studied, and
The working class of Victorian England was a group that worked hard to stay out of poverty as well as off the streets Unlike the upper class they had minimal recreational time. Many different people have tried to account for the working class conditions and what they did in their spare time: “he could attend evening courses on scientific subjects or Latin or shorthand at a Mechanics’ Institution, or at one of the Working Men’s Colleges” (Picard The Working Class and Poor). This imposes that the men could take an educational course to get a better job. Also in their spare time, people would go to street vendors as opposed to markets so they could get food for a more affordable price (Picard The Working Class and Poor). W.J. Reader, a
Jack the Ripper At least five women were killed in 1888 in public on the streets of London and no one seems to know who did it. These women were killed a mile apart from each other. The murder would remove the kidneys and uterus from the victims. The authorities never found out who actually committed these crimes, but they names this murder, “Jack the Ripper.” One theory that has been considered was whether Jack the Ripper was a doctor or not.
by profit and with no structured welfare system to support vulnerable people. This is an expose of life in Edwardian
England in the nineteen-thirties was a very bleak and dark time for the working class and unemployed citizens. In The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell, describes the overlooked injustices that happened in in Northern British industrial towns. Orwell depicts his experiences and views on social class and English society. The book is an eye-opener to the challenging hardships that many of the working class gentry faced during the years of the depression; Things such as, horrible housing, social injustices, and a lack of consideration from the government. The primary focus of part one, was to inform the middle class people that the unemployed were victims or a corrupt society, government, and economy.
Horn, Pamela. (1994). Children’s Work and Welfare, 1780-1880’s. Houndsmills, Basingshtoke, Hampshire, London: The MacMillion Press.
The Ripper murders were a series of murders that occured in Whitechapel District in the East End of London (MPS). The murders were attributed to an unidentified serial killer widely known as Jack the Ripper. Canonically, the murders consist of brutal attacks against at least five women (Cook). These murders were committed against women that resided in Whitechapel distract which was notoriously known for its poverty and socially disadvantaged. The sheer brutality of the murders and the sensationalized media surrounding the cases brought unparalleled attention to London’s impoverished population. And yet, the killer was never caught and there has been an air of mystery surrounding the murders ever since. The killer’s particularly unsettling modus
Through the novel Oliver Twist, Charles Dickens shows people the reality of the XIX century workhouses. Along with many firm believers, Dickens attack against the unjust social system helped to influence society, like "conditions in the workhouses improved later in the 1900s, and services such as social care and social security replaced workhouses altogether in the first half of the 20 - century "- Richard Dewayne Morris