TASK 1
P3.1
In this different component of internal combustion engine( as internally combusted gas mixture produce power to run a engine ) are discussed.
Major components in internal combustion engines .
Piston
Piston cylinder crank shaft cam shaft connecting rods input valve output valve spark plug ( petrol/ gasoline engines ) and fuel injector ( diesel engine )
Rocker arm oil filter
PISTON - It is the disc which reciprocate within the cylinder. Its main function is to receive the impulse from the combust gas or expanding gas and to transfer the energy of combust gas to crank shaft through connecting rod which connects the piston and the crankshaft. It also helps to disperse exhaust gas out from cylinder. In two stroke
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Vertically upward force by the crankshaft.
Design constraints for piston ( with great load ) - It should be strengthen to withstand high inertia forces and gas pressures.
Mass should be lesser to to avoid intertia forces .
It should have sufficient bearing area to prevent undue wear.
The dispersion of exhaust gases again cylinder walls should be quick enough.
It should limit the noise of reciprocating even at high speed .
It should be rigidly constructed to withstand thermal and mechanical distortion.
It should provide enough strength to piston pin so that it will not allow the passage of gases and exhaust to mix.
CYLINDER BLOCK
The function of the cylinder is to retain the working fluid or gas mixture and to guide the piston for compression and pull back. generally it is made up of cast iron and cast steel. As the cylinder will be heated so some arrangements are there as air cooling and water cooling. in smaller engines or one cylinder air cooling is done . But for 4 and more cylinders water jackets will be installed around the cylinder for cooling. the cylinder are provided with liners as in the case of wear it will be easily
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There should be gap between inner and outer cylinder.
The length of the cylinder should be 15% of that of the length of the cylinder.
The metal should have high melting point.
Disperse the heat quickly.
Minimum mass ( inertia forces )
Rigid construction ( distortion )
CONNECTING RODS
It acts as the intermediate between piston and crankshaft . Its main function is to transmit the energy. It will transmit the push and pull from the piston pin to crank pin. And reciprocating motion to rotary motion of the crank. it consists of a shank with a small end and the big end. The cross section of the shank may be of rectangular,circular,I-section, 0r H-section.For aircraft piston I- section is taken.
Forces acting on connecting rods ( when great load )
Force due to gas pressures and inertia of reciprocating parts.
Force of inertia of connecting rod ( inertia bending force ).
Force due to friction of the piston ring and of piston.
Force due to friction of piston pin bearing and crank pin bearing. cyclic loading it will have
Design constraints for connecting rod ( when great load
There are three parts exterior parts to these injectors. The injector nut holds the nozzle and spacer with the nozzle springs. The injector body holds the plunger and barrel, it is also where the solenoid is bolted down on top of the body. The solenoid is plugged in to the pigtail on the valve cover gasket, which sends electrical current to the injector telling it when to fire. There is a total of five o-rings on the exterior side of the ...
A connecting rod is a machine member which is subjected to alternating direct compressive and tensile forces. Since the compressive forces are much higher than the tensile force, therefore the cross-section of the connecting rod is designed as a strut and the Rankine formula is used.
The piston is pushed upward by the flywheel's momentum, compressing the air/fuel mix. 3. Combustion: As the piston reaches the top of its stroke or TDC, the spark plug fires, igniting the mixture. Due to the high compression of this mixture, it is very volatile and it explodes when the spark is introduced. This pushes the piston downward and produces power.
- The plumb bob was used to locate the centre of the trip plate , to
When I get out of high school I want to be a diesel mechanic. A diesel mechanic works on diesel engines, they repair and maintain diesel trucks/automobiles and make sure everything is working right. There are multiple kinds of diesel mechanics such as, Aircraft and Avionics Equipment, Mechanics and Technicians, Heavy Vehicle and Mobile Equipment Service Technicians, and small engine mechanics.
The mid review draft report outlines the nature of business of the client, the literature review, the problem definition and research methodology, analysis and interpretation proposed to be used in the research done during the primary research phase.
One type of engine is a called a fuel cell. A fuel cell operates like a battery. Unlike a battery, a fuel cell does not run down or require recharging. It will produce energy in the form of electricity and heat as long as fuel is supplied. A fuel cell consists of two electrodes sandwiched around and electrolyte. Oxygen passes over one electrode and hydrogen over the other, generating electricity, water and heat. Hydrogen fuel is used to make all this work. Fuel cell emissions are nothing but water vapor.
is a set of O-rings that make a seal around the booster. Around the O-rings
Diesel Mechanics are vital to keep the truck running at their pinical of performance. WIthout diesel trucks to deliver merchendice to the stores on the inner most states of America there would have to be more factories in the more wooded areas. South Dakota is an agricultural state and the only way the higher populated states on the coast can receive our crops is by hauling it in a diesel truck. Though the career I have chosen does polute the environment, it does provided fresh and organic food to the citizens across the nation.
explosion used to move the pistons up and down is greater however this pressure has to resist combustion in order to achieve
The main emmissions of a car engine are nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
is connected to a shaft, which spins a disc. The disc has holes in it
The invention of internal combustion engines in the early 19th century has led to the discovery of utilisation of cheap energy that is petroleum and this enabled the world to develop and progress into the modern world today. Humans were able to accomplish more work done with little manual labour, using internal combustion engines powered by fossil fuels. Internal combustion engine are mechanical power devices that convert heat energy to mechanical energy with the combustion process taking place in a system boundary (Rolle, 2005). Among the internal combustion engine invented in the 19th century were the Otto engine, Diesel engine and gas turbine engine. Gas turbine engine is one of the popular engines used today due to its high torque per weight ratio relative to other types of internal combustion engines. As explained by Cengel and Boles (2011), the gas turbine engine works on a 6 stages process, namely air intake, compression, fuel injection, combustion, expansion and exhaust (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
• Pipeline: pipeline transports unrefined petroleum and characteristic gas from oil fields to refineries and afterward to the core of the dial.
As the piston rises, the pressure forces the poppet valve closed, and the mixture is compressed. Once the piston reaches its peak, the spark plug fires, igniting the compressed fuel causing the fuel to expand driving the piston downward. The exhaust valve opens after the piston reaches its lowest point. As the piston begins to rise, the exhaust fuel is driven out of the chamber. Large four-stroke engines tend to have more than one cylinder and often feature valves, fuel injectors, and turbochargers (Four Stroke