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Roles of women in science enlightenment
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The time of worldwide integration and technological advancement has adequately changed people’s lives. Science plays a crucial role in society and without each and every one of people that have contributed greatly to its field, the establishment and efficiency would not be where it is today. It is peculiar yet astonishing to think that at one point in time women were not even allowed to pursue an interest in the science field. As women broke through the wall that kept them from allowing science to wander their minds, major grounds were covered and extreme discoveries were revealed. Marie Curie contributed highly to the fields of Chemistry and Physics, regardless of the social impediments placed on women scientists. Marie Curie was the first true scientific pioneers and the first to explore the components and idea of radioactivity. With her persistent attitude, she did not let the social …show more content…
Using an electrometer that measures electrical charges that her brother and husband had invented fifteen years prior, she uncovered the thorium gave off the same rays as uranium which generated the theory that uranium caused the air to give off an electric charge. Intrigued with the discoveries she was uncovering, she endured in her research and came up with the single most important component that she had ever revealed in her scientific career (McGrayne, 1993). Using the technique with the uranium, she analyzed that uranium activity only depended on the quantity of uranium present. While using various uranium minerals she tested her theory correct that they gave off energy and was a matter unlike any other. She discovered a new active element that measured an eight on the electrometer but only separately measured two each. This new element gave off a four extra measurement (Madame Curie,
Rossiter, Margaret W. (1982). Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Rosalyn Sussman Yalow graduated Hunter College as the first women to graduate in physics (Bauman et. al. 2011). She also led a way for acceptance and understanding of women’s role in science in America (Bauman et. al. 2011). She even inspired Mildred Dresselhous, who was a professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and president and officer of many Associations including American Association for the Advancement of Science, to pursue the career she wanted (Bauman et. al. 2011). Rosalyn born to Clara and Simon Sussman in New York City, on July 19, 1921 (Brody 1996). She married Aaron Yalow on June 6, 1943 and had two children named Elanna and Benjamin (Brody 1996). In 1977, Dr. Yalow won the Nobel Prize in medicine and was the second women to ever accept such an award (Brody 1996). She also taught physics in New York until 1950 when the Veterans Administration (during World War II) was interested in exploring and researching radioactivity (Brody 1996). As her life progressed, Dr. Rosalyn Sussman Yalow became an inspiration for young women who want to be recognized and achieve something in their life (Brody 1996). From when she was a child she was fascinated with science and decided to achieve something no women really does. Rosalyn Yalow went to school and started working in the science field, she managed to help the world of radioactivity and radioimmunoassay, how Mrs. Rosalyn impacted the world of science, how Dr. Yalow impacted the lives of other women, and how she never lost her passion for science even in her last years.
Many women scientist upheld and defended their positions as learned, scientific individuals. Marie Meurdrac, a French scientist, in a foreword to a publication stated clearly that women’s and men’s minds, if thought in the same manner would hold no difference.(Doc 2) Similarly, Dorothea Erxleben understood and explained why men and women alike look down on her for studying science because they feel that it is an insult.(Doc 9) Her experiences as a female scientist led her to truly grasp why her persecutors acted as they did towards her although this document shows no signs that she thinks the same. Maria Sibylla Merian, a German entomologist, discussed some of her scientific practices that encompass her dedication and fascination with science.(Doc 5) Another example of this whole-hearted dedication comes from Marquis...
In documents two and five the women’s interests in science, as well as their need for some sort of education were expressed. Document five simply explains that women, as well as men, can hold an interest, as well as succeed in science. In document two, written by Marie Meurdrac, a French scientist, the statement was made that “minds have no sex, and if the minds of women were cultivated like those of men, they would be equal to the minds of the latter.'; This was a very interesting document to examine. Being that it was a passage from the foreword to her text “Chemistry Simplified for Women';; the second earliest out of all the documents (1666), it was quite a revolutionary idea for that time. It explains a key fact about women participating in the field of science at that time. It talks about how a women, as well as a man, can aspire to become a scientist.
Female scientists such as Maria Merian and Marquise Emilie du Chatelet had an impact on western science, demonstrating how women were capable of contributing to the sciences despite society’s opinions. Merian published her book Wonderful Metamorphoses and Special Nourishment of Caterpillars during a time when women were criticized for publishing books and demonstrates how society was not able to completely repress women in science (Doc 5). Marquise Emmilie du Chatelet’s letter to the Marquis Jean Francois de Saint-Lambert also demonstrates how women refused to be repressed by society. She refuted his reproach of her translating Newton’s Principia, a translation so thorough it is still used today (Doc 11). Some men in the sciences also gained a respect for women and their contributions. Not all men at the time believed women were incapable of learning at a university level like Junker did. Gottfried Leibniz, a German mathematician, even went as far as to state “women of elevated mind advanced knowledge more properly than do men.” As a philosopher Leibniz likely thought beyond society’s opinions, which is why he did not conform (Doc 7). Johannes Hevelius and Gottfried Krich disregarded the notion that collaborating with women was seen as embarrassing, and both collaborated with their wives (Doc 4 and Doc
Ivié Harris Astronomy Period 6 Galileo Galileo made many observations and discoveries that helped make our universe better to understand and was a contributor to science and what it is today. Galileo Galilei born on February 15, 1564 in Pisa, Italy, the oldest of six kids in his family, was an Italian professor, mathematician, physicist, philosopher, astronomer and inventor who made observations of nature for studies for physics. Galileo wrote a number of books on his ideas before his death on January 8, 1642 in Florence, Italy. In his college years his father really pushed for him to study medicine, Galileo's’ heart was in another place which was mathematics at the time. Galileo's contribution with his methods and his use of mathematics
One of the strongest women scientist/astronomer was born in 1818 as Maria Mitchell whom led an unbelievable life and had an incredible discovery. Maria Mitchell was born when women were not given the opportunity to vote nor did women have the same equal rights as men did, but given her circumstances of her father being a principal, founding his own school and being a distant family member of Benjamin Franklin she was given the same rights as the men did. Given a few obstacles she led an extraordinary life and became the first woman in America to work as an astronomer professionally, which she than later received an award personally from King Frederick VII, for her work and discovery.
For a long time, women’s potential in Science was little to none. However, over the years, it has now changed because of the outstanding breakthroughs and encouraging accomplishments women have done through the years. It is because of them, women’s potential in Science and other realms of studies has now evolved with more understandings and discoveries. It is for the reason of Maria Mitchell, one of the first female astronomers to be recognized in Science, that women’s potential were essentially respected. Her discoveries during her time as a student, a teacher, and an astronomer paved the way for many others, not just in Science, but also for woman’s rights and potential to be seen.
University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 4,000 Years of Women in Science. Dec. 2002 2 Nov. 2003 http://crux.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/newintro.html.
Modern World History / Mr. Porell Galileo Essay The scientific contribution of Galileo Galilei span throughout hundreds of years and still effect us today. In his native country of Italy in the late 1500s and early 1600s Galileo worked on his advancements in science like improving theories, creating a better telescope, and changing the way we think about space. In Italy Galileo had a hard time convincing people that his finding were true as it was difficult for them to believe things they could not see.
This Honor Study Topic provides examples of boundaries that have been pushed. Through exploration has come life changing discoveries or perhaps led to a new perspective on life. The essay speaks of Marie Curie and her exploration that led to the discovery of Polonium and Radium.
It can be really hard to mix science and society, but Evelyn Fox Keller, a physicist and feminist, manages to combine the two. She went to college and got her Ph.D. from Harvard University for physics. Keller is currently the Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) (MIT). She also gives talks about females in science, and writes books and papers on it. Throughout her years as a scientist she has dealt with opposition from men who think that women should not be involved in science.
When most people think of the Scientific Revolution, they think of scientists such as Galileo, Newton, Brahe, and Boyle. However, many people do not even know about the many women who played a vital role in the scientific advancements of this period. Even when these women were alive, most of society either ignored them or publicly disapproved their unladylike behavior. Because of this, these women were often forgotten from history, and very little is known about the majority of them. Although their names rarely appear in history books, the female scientists of the Scientific Revolution still impacted the world of science in several ways. In fact, all of the scientists listed above had a woman playing an influential role assisting them in their research. However, assisting men in their studies was not the only role open to women; several women performed experimentation and research on their own, or advancing science in some other way, even though the society of the time looked down upon and even resisted their studies.
Marie Curie was one of the shy girls, but yet one of the most famous scientists in the world. She could care less about the money, the fame, and the attention, science and research are the only things she thought about. She never did understand why people were so interested in her, her discoveries, why her?
That same year Marie met Pierre Curie, an aspiring French physicist. A year later Maria Sklodowska became Madame Curie. Marie and Pierre worked as a scientific team, in 1898 their achievements resulted in world importance, in particular the discovery of polonium (which Marie named in honor of Poland) and the discovery of Radium a few months later. The birth of her two daughters, Irene and Eve, in 1897 and 1904 did not interrupt Maria's work. In 1903, Curie became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize for Physics. The award jointly awarded to Curie, her husband Pierre, and Henri Becquerel, was for the discovery of radioactivity. In December 1904 she was appointed chief assistant in the laboratory directed by Pierre Curie.