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Reflection on blood glucose monitoring
Reflection on blood glucose monitoring
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Hacking Continuous Glucose Monitors
Diabetes is a disease in which the body has a shortage of insulin, a decreased ability to use insulin, or both. People with this disease have to administer a synthetic insulin replacement into the body to regulate and stabilize their blood-sugar level. The traditional insulin delivery method is through injection by a needle and syringe. Determining when to introduce insulin into the body requires frequent blood tests (poking the finger). An alternative to this method uses a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) with a wireless sensor attached to a wire inserted into body tissue to measure electrical elements of fluids.
As a diabetic, Jerome Radcliffe, Cyber Threat Intelligence Analyst at IBM, admits to joking around about the possibility of some hacker breaking into his CGM. As a result of a hack, he envisioned that he would give himself an unwarranted extra dose of insulin, which could force his blood-sugar level too low and result and render him unconscious, leaving him in a coma or even dead. After attending Defcon in 2009, he began to ponder the possibility of such a joke. Consequently, he hacked his own CGM to show how vulnerable wireless medical devices are to cyber threats. He demonstrated the hack at Black Hat USA 2011.
According to Radcliffe, he first collected publicly available data on his Medtronic CGM, focusing on the wireless communication frequency and modulation method. The device’s user manual provided a starting point, and opening the device helped him obtain additional information, like the RF chip model number. Next, Radcliffe recognized US regulations require all wireless devices sold receive approval by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC). Upon approval, all devices r...
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During the year 1889, two researchers, Joseph Von Mering and Oskar Minkowski, had discovered the disease that is known today as diabetes. Diabetes is a disease in which the insulin levels (a hormone produced in unique cells called the islets of Langerhans found in the pancreas) in the bloodstream are irregular and therefore affect the way the body uses sugars, as well as other nutrients. Up until the 1920’s, it was known that being diagnosed with diabetes was a death sentence which usually affected “children and adults under 30.” Those who were diagnosed were usually very hungry and thirsty, which are two of the symptoms associated with diabetes. However, no matter how much they ate, their bodies wouldn’t be able to use the nutrients due to the lack of insulin. This would lead to a very slow and painful death. In 1922, four Canadian researchers by the names of Frederick G. Banting, Charles H. Best, John J.R. MacLeod, and James B. Collip had discovered a way to separate insulin in the pancreas of dogs and prepare it in such a way so that it can be used to treat diabetic patients. In the year 2008, there were 1,656,470 people who suffered from diabetes in Canada, and by 2010, it is predicted that this disease will take over the lives of 285 million people . Although there is no cure for diabetes, the treatment of prepared insulin is prolonging the lives of diabetics and allowing them to live freely. The discovery of insulin was important and significant in Canada’s history because Banting was a Canadian medical scientist who had a purpose in finding a treatment for diabetes, its discovery has saved lives and improved the quality of life of those suffering from this disease, and it showed the world Canada’s medical technology was ...
Insulin is by far the most influential discovery in Canadian and world history. In Canada in 2008/2009 there were 2.4 million people living with diabetes and there are many more today. With out the discovery of insulin many people would not be able to live full lives. However, the discovery of insulin was not just an accomplishment Fredrick Banting and his colleagues had developed in the 1920s, it was a product of timing and luck on Banting’s part and the idea that he took from others was the product that changed the century.
James Haley. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2005. Current Controversies. Rpt. from "Technology Is the Key Security in Wisconsin Supermax."
The placement of implantable chips into patients for the purpose of accurately identifying patients and properly storing their medical history records has become a subject of a strong debate. Making sure patients are properly identified before a procedure and storing their health history records for future use has been difficult, if not impossible. The idea of being able to retrieve accurate patient’s medical history for a follow up care without relying on patient’s memory is a challenging task for many healthcare organizations. Many ideas and technologies have been introduced over the years to help solve this problem, but unfortunately the problem is still not fully resolved. There are still many errors in the healthcare due in part by improper record keeping and inaccurate patient identification. One idea that has being in discussion to eliminate these problems for good, is the introduction of a chip or radio frequency identification (RFID) technology implanted into human for the purpose storing medical data and accurately identify patients. VeriChip Corporation is currently the maker of this implantable RFID chip. They are the only corporation cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to make this implantable radio frequency transponder system for humans for the purpose of identifying patients and storing their health history information. The chip was first developed for the use of radar systems by Scottish physicist, Sir Robert Alexander Watson-Watt in 1935 just before World War II. (Roberti, 2007). This technology helps identify approaching planes of the enemy from mile away. Today, RFID has several uses. It is used for animal tracking. It is attached to merchandise in stores to prevent theft. It can be instal...
Diabetes is a disease that is very common in the world. Early detection of diabetes can significantly decrease the risk of it getting worse throughout a person’s life. There are symptom...
In the article “Diabetes Doesn’t Run My Life, ” by Tod Olson, it talks about how a girl named Mckenzie Jones has type one diabetes but doesn’t let it get in her way. In the text it shows how technology has made the lives of diabetics a lot easier . First off, science has made different technologies have been created to give insulin and read blood sugar. The article states, “Phone-sized pumps can push insulin into the body through a tiny tube placed under the skin. Scientists are also testing a skin patch not much bigger than the face of a watch that can monitor blood sugar levels minute by minute” (Olson 23). This shows, how technology has improved the life of diabetics because they make it so that they don’t have to give themselves multiple
Glucose is a sugar that plays a big part in a human’s health and well-being. This sugar is a major source of energy for the body’s brain and cells. The Cells that receive energy from glucose help in the building of the body’s muscle and tissue. Although glucose may be important to the body too much of this sugar can cause a chronic condition called Diabetes. Diabetes, also known as Diabetes mellitus, is a chronic condition that is caused by too much sugar in the blood. This condition can affect all age groups. In fact, in 2010 a survey was taken by the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, on the number of newly diagnosed diabetes. Out of 1,907,000 people: 24.38% were ages 20-44, 55.17% were ages 45-64, and 20.45% were ages 65 and greater. Diabetes is a very serious condition, and it can be deadly if left untreated. This paper will help better educate the reader on the signs and symptoms, the testing process, and the management of diabetes.
Researching this paper opened my eyes up to a lot. I realized that everything that we have today, people didn’t have it back then and they died. Insulin is more than a cure to me, it’s also a lesson. I learned that everything shouldn’t always be handed to you and you have to work for something’s. I took them decades to figure out a cure for diabetes without people having to starve themselves. Even though it took a long time, they finally got it together. They saved many lives and made a huge impact on life. Keep trying and maybe you could do the same.
Neithercott, T. (Jan. 2012). Continuous Glucose Monitors. Diabetes Forecast, 65(1) 44-6. Magazine. Retrieved from ProQuest Research Library.
First, Pumps help the flow of insulin in the body improve. Insulin Pumps help children and adults all over the world by improving the flow of insulin in the body. With a pump you have insulin going into the body at all times, this is called a basal rate. Basal rates improve flow of insulin in the body because they give you insulin all day and all night non-stop. Each and every diabetic with a pump has a basal rate that is set to the standards of their glucose levels, which enhances the flow of insulin needed for that person’s body and glucose levels. Though some people may think taking shots improves insulin flow in the body, to the contrary,
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Within 30 minutes of teaching lesson, the patient will be able to injection insulin properly. The patient will be able to perform self-monitoring of blood glucose using a blood gl...
Popp, W., Rasslan, O., Unahalekhaka, A., Brenner, P., Fischnaller, E., Fathy, M., . . . Gillespie, E. (2010). What is the use? An international look at reuse of single-use medical devices. International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 213(4), 302-307.
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