Herbivore: Goat
Food eaten: grass, herbs, tree leave and other plant material. (Anon., 1999)
Dental formula and total dentition: diphyodont dentition
Deciduous 0 0 3
3 1 3 = 10 Permanent 0 0 3 3
3 1 3 3
(Rouge, 2001)
How the animal is adapted for its diet in terms of:
Teeth shape and size: goats have mostly molars because they are grazers. They use their top lip to move their food around.
Length and complexity of digestive system: Goats have four compartment stomachs which are designed specifically to digest food high in fibre. The size of the four compartments change through growth. Kids stomach compartments are very small and so they depend on liquid, but as they develop and start eating solids the rumen becomes larger as it is more active and because of this the other compartments also grow. In the rumen organisms build up protein and all the vitamin B needed by the goat. Once the food has been broken into smaller particles it passes to the second chamber called the reticulum. Any objects that are unusual to the goat’s diets are settled out in this compartment. The particles that have fermented pass into the omasum, this removes the water for the food and absorbs nutrients that help supply energy to the goat, this are called volatile fatty acids. The particles then move into what is known as the true stomach, this is where the digestion process becomes similar to that of a human because the food is then digested by the stomach acids. The left-over particles are moved down the small intestine where majority of the nutrients are absorbed by the body. They venous blood coming from the pancreas, spleen, small intestine and the stomach all goes into the portal vein. This is so that the liver gets whatever has been absorbed f...
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... of meat from baby hippos and fish to zebra and big cats. (Goosey, 2007)
Dental formula and total dentition: 5-5-5 to 5-5-6/7 (Corfe, 2013)
How the animal is adapted for its diet in terms of:
Teeth shape and size: crocodiles do not chew, they only tear or rip meat and then they swallow so they have needle-like teeth. (Anon., 2013)
Length and complexity of digestive system: the crocodile rips up its food and then swallows it. The digestive system has two chambers, one is a powerful muscular compartment and the other is high acidic. In the stomach a very strong acid helps break-down the meat and bones. (Anon., n.d.) pH of stomach: low stomach pH of 1.2-2.5
Feeding habits – how much eaten and how often they eat: a crocodile can go for 58days without eating by surviving on stored fat. A crocodile should eat about, maximum, half their body weight. (Anon., 2013)
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the portal through which nutritive substances; vitamins, minerals and fluids enter the body. The digestive tract is more than 10 metres long from one end to the other. It is continuous starting from the mouth, passing through the pharynx and the oesophagus, to the stomach, the small and large intestines, ending in the rectum, and finally into the anus. The GI tract is divided into two main sections: the upper GI tract and the lower GI tract. Upper GIT includes the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus and stomach. The lower GI tract includes the small and large intestines and anus. The accessory organs of digestions are the gallbladder, liver and pancreas. Diseases that may occur in upper and lower GIT can be divided as oesophageal diseases, gastric diseases and intestinal diseases.
The digestive system, in organisms like the mink and human, is supposed to break down the food being eaten to transfer into energy. This energy helps other functions of the body that would in turn keep it alive. The digestive system includes organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, etc. Digestion starts at the mouth, though.
The digestive system of the horse consists of a simple stomach, small intestines, cecum, large and small colons, rectum and anus. The horse’s stomach is comparatively small for its size. The stomach of an average horse has a holding capacity of about two gallons. This may be the reason horses eat small but frequent meals. From the stomach food moves to the small intestine, which is the main site of digestion. The small intestine empties into the cecum. The cecum; along with the large colon; make up the large intestine. Digestion in the large intestine occurs by action of bacteria and protozoa. (arg.gov.sk.ca)
During an average lifespan, as much as 45 tons of food can pass through one’s digestive system. Food travels almost 9m through a long tube inside the body known as the alimentary canal or the gastrointestinal tract .
The digestive system otherwise known as the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) is a long tube which runs from the mouth to the anus. It operates to break down the food we eat from large macromolecules such as starch, proteins and fats, which can’t be easily absorbed, into readily absorbable molecules such as glucose, fatty acids and amino acids. Once broken down, these molecules can cross the cells lining the small intestine, enter into the circulatory system and be transported around the body finally being used for energy, growth and repair.
Fig1. shows the human digestive system or the alimentary canal with different organs. (ladyofHats 2006).
Digestion is defined as the process of transforming foods into unites for absorption. The Digestive System is a complex network of organisms that have six major processes: The digestion of food, the secretion of fluids and digestive enzymes, the mixing and movement of food and waste throughout the body, the digestion of food into smaller pieces, the absorption of nutrients, and the excretion of wastes (Inner Body (1).)
During digestion, the body breaks down food into smaller molecules that could then be used by the body’s cells and tissues in order to perform functions. This starts off in the mouth with the physical movements of chewing and the chemical breakdown by saliva. Enzymes in the stomach break food down further after traveling from the mouth through the esophagus. The food from here then moves into the small intestine, where pancreatic juices and enzymes dissolve proteins, carbohydrates, and fibers, and bile from the liver breaks down fats into these small molecules. Any portion of the fibers or food that were unable to be broken down are passed from the small intestine to the large intestine, which is where the digestive tract transitions into the excretory tract, then the colon and out of the rectum. Any liquids that have been stripped of their nutrients by the body proceed from the stomach to the kidneys. In the kidneys, sodium ions (Na+), uric acid, and urea are exchanged with water, which moves urinary bladder and is excreted through the
All primates have essentially the same kinds of specialized mammalian teeth adapted to eating a wide variety of foods. Beginning at the front, each quadrant of the mouth has 2 incisors, 1 canine, and varying numbers of premolars and molars. The incisors are used like scissors for nipping off pieces of food. The pointed canines are for piercing and tearing. The premolars and molars, with their cusps, are used to grind and smash food. In platyrrhine species, there are 3 premolars and 2 or 3 molars. This results in a dental formula of 2.1.3.2 or 2.1.3.3. In contrast, all of the catarrhines have 2 premolars and 3 molars, making a dental formula of 2.1.2.3. The chimpanzee shown below is an Old World anthropoid species and, therefore, has a catarrhine dental formula.
The adaptations that the Axolotl’s have have greatly increased their chances of survival and their overall fitness. The Axolotl’s cone shaped teeth allows them to catch food so that they may easily do their “vacuum” action to eat food. This favorable trait grips whatever food they are going to eat, so that the Axolotl may hold potential food in its mouth easily.... ... middle of paper ... ...
A study found that over 50 percent of the meat sold in markets was wild game with sales estimated at $50 million. Primate
The excretory system, which includes the rectum and anus helps the digestive system by getting rid of waste and the digestive system helps the excretory system by breaking down food to be eliminated from the body. Wow! The human body wouldn’t be able to work without one or the other. Anyways, I hope you enjoyed reading my journey throughout the human digestive system. I hope to write again from where my next journey from here will begin- perhaps it will be in the ocean or along Sydney Water pipes. Until next
... meat, blubber, bones and oil. Also, orcas hunt humpbacks in packs, especially when there is a newborn (Office of Protected Resources).
The human digestion system is very complex. It starts with the mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine, then ends/exits with the anus. Each step is essential to the whole system. For example, the mouth chews food and mixes it with saliva produced by the salivary glands, and then the pharynx swallows chewed food mixed with saliva, this is followed by the food traveling through the esophagus to the stomach where the food gets a bath and mixes with acids and enzymes. After the stomach, the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder produce, stores, and releases bile and bicarbonates. Bile is produced in the liver and aids in digestion and absorption of fat while the gallbladder stores bile and releases it into the small intestine when needed. Following the process into the small intestine, this is where nutrients will be absorbed into the blood or lymph (most digestion occurs here). Next is the large intestine this is where water and some vitamins and minerals are absorbed. Finally, it is the end of the road, the anus. At...
The digestive system is a very important system in the human body. It is a group of organs that work together to turn food into energy and nutrients in the entire body. The food that was chewed in a humans’ mouth now passes through a long tube that is inside of the body that is known as the alimentary canal. The alimentary canal is made of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, and large intestines. Those few things are not the only important accessories of the digestive system there is also the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.