Free Essays on The Crucible: Pride Crucible Essays

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The Crucible Pride What is left when honor is lost?' Publilius Syrus' quote, though dating from 100 B.C., still seems pertinent to our era. Many people still feel that once integrity is lost they are nothing and many are willing to stand up to keep their integrity. Without integrity, we are nothing. During the time that Arthur Miller wrote his most famous play, The Crucible, innocent men and women were being accused of having Communist leanings. Their whole lives were ruined in a short amount of time because they refused to compromise themselves by selling out their friends. Miller tried to make a statement about these unfair trials by comparing them to the Salem witch-hunts and trials of 1692. The main protagonist of his play is a man named John Proctor who is accused of witchcraft but stands up to maintain his name and his honor, even though he is hanged for it. During the H.U.A.C. trials some stood up for what they believed even though they would be blamed and shunned by society. They knew this, but instead of taking the cowards' way and giving the names of their friends, they refused to tell the committee anything in the same way that John Proctor stands up against a court that is ruining the lives of innocent people. In The Crucible, a few of the townspeople speak out against the injustice of the magistrates. These include John Proctor, Giles Corey, his wife Martha, Rebecca Nurse, Elizabeth Proctor, and even Reverend John Hale. Proctor refused to give up his integrity and sign his name to a false confession. He thought it was enough admitting to a lie, but he could not bear signing a confession when others had died for refusing to give the courts what they wanted. "Because it is my name! Because I cannot have another in my life! Because I lie and sign myself to lies! Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of them that hang! How may I live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave me my name!" Proctor's friend, Giles Corey, is pressed to death for not giving the court the name of an innocent person. Even to the end he refuses to give in. "Great stones they lay upon his chest until he plead aye or nay. They say he give them but two words. `More weight,' he says. And died." Even the Reverend John Hale, who was involved in the court, spoke out against the proceedings. "I denounce these proceedings, I quit this court!" He even leaves the court because he believes they are unjust. Martha Corey and Rebecca Nurse maintain their integrity and refuse to sign a confession, and they hang alongside John Proctor for it. Elizabeth Proctor does not compromise herself, but is allowed to live because she is pregnant. In the 1950s, innocent people were accused of being Communist sympathizers and were deprived of their livelihood. They were blacklisted, meaning no one would hire them because they had been labeled as Communists, and they were not accepted in society. Some people gave the committee names of their associates to keep themselves out of trouble. But not everyone did this. Some stood up for themselves and spoke out against the court regardless of what would happen. This was a big sacrifice and it proved that they had integrity. One of these was John Howard Lawson, who was one of "The Hollywood Ten". He went on trial before the committee and claimed that they were encroaching on his rights as an American citizen. He even told the committee, "I am not on trial here, Mr. Chairman. This committee is on trial here before the American people. Let us get that straight." He was not afraid of the committee and told them exactly what he thought. When they tried to bully him into telling them what they wanted, he responded by saying, "I am glad you have made it perfectly clear that you are going to threaten and intimidate the witness, Mr. Chairman." They threatened to hold him in contempt of court for trying to speak against them, and they refused to read his statement. He was excused from the stand after accusing the committee of "using the old technique, which was used in Hitler Germany in order to create a scare." He was excused from the stand to the sound of applause. His statement, which was not released to the public until years later, accused the House on un-American Activities Committee of seeking to "subvert orderly government and establish an autocratic dictatorship." He also asserted that his freedom of speech was not "for sale in return for a card signed by J. Parnell Thomas saying `O.K. for employment until further notice.'" John Howard Lawson was sent to prison for one year and after his release he retreated to Mexico to hide from his blacklisting. He was not the only one who refused to give in. The playwright Lillian Hellman told the committee that she would not cut her "conscience to fit this year's fashions." Actor Paul Robeson told them, "You are the Un-Americans, and you ought to be ashamed of yourselves." Many other successful careers were crushed just as Giles Corey was, for not naming names. Integrity is just as important in our day as it has ever been. More people are becoming less afraid to stand up and say what they believe, no matter how it affects public opinion of them. In the book To Kill a Mockingbird, the narrators' father is a lawyer in the south. He is hired to defend a black man who is accused of raping a white girl. He represents him in court even though he experiences fierce opposition from the townspeople. He even puts his life at risk because he believes the man deserves fair representation. Many books and movies today have the same sort of theme. Integrity has always played an important role in human history and still continues to today. In the 1600's people stood up for themselves during the witchcraft trials in Salem, some even lost their lives for it. History repeated itself in the McCarthy era with the Un-American Activities Committee hearings, when many innocent people lost their careers and were rejected by society. History always repeats itself, and we need to remember how to respond when it happens again. We need to remember the words of Publilius Syrus when he asked, "What is left when honor is lost?"

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