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Human condition in the lottery
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How is the lottery an example of the utilitarian monster?
Answer: the article mentions that the lottery is controlled by the State, meaning that a few people in charge makes a lot of money out of millions of people, and because gambling is a somewhat a form of "entertainment" and one individual might win and get a lot money (pleasure) from it, it supposedly outweighs the harm of these other million of individuals that gave their money away and lost. Nevertheless, in utilitarian monster logic, an experiment create by Robert Nozick, the intensified pleasure of one individual is more important than the small harm caused to others. The comic picture below by Peter Singer, paints a more vivid image of what the utilitarian monsters looks like:
Don't worry, I did the math. The amount of pleasure I got from writing this terrible joke outweighs the suffering it caused from people having to read it.
Figure 1: Comic example of Utilitarian monster by Philosopher Peter Singer in ExistentialComics.com
How can you set yourself up to argue in favor of or against the ethical existence of the lottery in terms of monetized utilitarianism?
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I would argue against lottery, one because I really do not understand the pleasure of gambling at all, but most because it seems to me, that out of millions of people, only one or a couple few might really get happy and although monetized utilitarianism measures pleasure in terms of money, there will be a lot of unhappy and disappointed individuals out of their money or at least have lost all the money they put into it, not to say that as the Telegraph describes, "the chance of winning the National Lottery jackpot is 1 in 13,983,816 (or approximately 1 in 14 million)" (the Telegraph, 2017), meaning that there is a lot people not benefiting from monetized
Has the lottery helped education as promised? There has been evidence in the Bible and ancient Rome texts that lotteries can be traced all the way back to Europe in the 15th century (Willmann 1). After that the lotteries made their way across the Atlantic from England to the United States.The first American lottery was established in Puerto Rico in 1934. This was followed by the New Hampshire lottery in 1964.The entire history of the lottery includes the debate over whether or not it is ethical.Lotteries are not only unethical but also ineffective ways to raise state revenues for education.
A forth argument that defends lotteries is that the funds from lotteries benefit honorable causes like educational and social services. While this is true, there are other means that the government could make up for that money. This leads us into the last of the counterarguments, which is the fear that if the government gets rid lotteries they will have to raise taxes to make up for the lack of funding. Since most lottery tickets are shown to be bought by people with low income, raising taxes is a better option then letting these educational services be funded by mostly the poor people and gambling addicts. Getting rid of state-run lotteries and raising taxes would balance out who is funding these services. While it is legal to smoke, because it is harmful, it is not encouraged, just as it should be with lotteries. The state shouldn’t encourage or even tempt people to waste away their money in hopes of getting lucky and winning big.
The Case of the state Lottery is in essence about whether or not its actions and existence can be ethically justified. The case made is the benefit of state funding projects, individual happiness ( from playing/winning) against the negative outcomes and influences the Lottery has on society and the individual. The utilitarian monster The lottery is an institution which is all about money. People play to win big, but often loose and the Lottery is always the winner because it always earns more money than it loses.
In the Article “Lotteries Cheat, Corrupt the People” George Will presents the idea that lotteries are bad for the people, stating that legal gambling boost the productivity of illegal gambling, victimizing poor and minorities populations, and painful way of raising revenue. Will gives many reasons as to why he believes gambling is bad and backs his opinion with many facts on percentages of losers as well as quotes from Thomas Jefferson on the importance of hard work. Although Will presents many different facts I disagree with the general statement that “Lotteries Cheat, Corrupt the People” The reason a Lottery is good for the people starts with the mental aspect, some people can’t live without gambling much like those with a coffee addiction
In Utilitarianism, J.S. Mill gives an account for the reasons one must abide by the principles of Utilitarianism. Also referred to as the Greatest-happiness Principle, this doctrine promotes the greatest happiness for the greatest amount of people. More specifically, Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism, holding that the right act is that which yields the greatest net utility, or "the total amount of pleasure minus the total amount of pain", for all individuals affected by said act (Joyce, lecture notes from 03/30).
How can you set yourself up to argue in favour of or against the ethical existence of the lottery in terms of monetized utilitarianism?
The theme in “The Lottery” is violence and cruelty. Violence and cruelty is a major theme because there is a lot of violence and cruelty in the world. The Lottery has been read as addressing such issues as the public's fascination with salacious and scandalizing journalism, McCarthyism, and the complicity of the general public in the victimization of minority groups, epitomized by the Holocaust of World War II. The Holocaust was very cruel and violent cause other people didn’t like certain people so they just kill them and their children and still now we have violence and cruelty with wars and people that hate each other.
“The Lottery” was quite disturbing to read. It is an very unusual story that has an ending that will have you baffled. You will want to reread certain parts to see if there is anything thing that you could have missed. The title of the short story is also misleading. In most cases the lottery is a good thing. People don’t win punishment and lotteries don’t hurt them. But in this story it does just that. The author did a great job of telling how anyone and everyone can follow tradition blindly. It is dangerous not to have a mind of your own and to just follow the crowd even if you don’t understand on agree on why something is happening.
There are many people who will defend the lotteries for a variety of reasons. One reason is that the lottery is based off of free will. No one has to buy a ticket; people can simply ignore the lottery and go about their life as normal. People with this view consider the
Chances of winning can be 1 in 150 million but one has to overlook that. Lottery is beneficial to the winners as well as those who do not win. The lottery helps relieve states of increasing taxes. People with children are help because their children receive a better education through high school, which leads to more scholarship opportunities. Some states allocate money to stop gambling, which has increased development because of the lottery. More people in the job market, more teachers in the education system, and more roadway construction increases profits for the economy. If a person shall oppose they can make the decision not to play. The lottery should be instituted because it increases funding that benefits citizens of the state.
The way the characters present themselves in the beginning of the story puts an optimistic view on the lottery. After all, lotteries are generally associated with an increase of wealth and prosperity. The outcome of the scenario seems promising. The town’s people gather with zeal. One character, Mrs. Hutchinson, rushes to make it to the lottery on time. This reassures the reader that the lottery is a must-see event. Another character, Old Man Warner, states that the other towns were crazy for giving up the lottery. With this being said, obviously something good was to come out of the contest. The reader does not suspect the tragedy that lies in the end of the story.
The lottery is something everyone wants to win no matter what the prize. People buy their tickets and await their fates. Some people win the lottery and many more lose. Losing the lottery causes something inside of us to die, but it is almost impossible to quit playing. The gambling becomes an addiction. The reason why people are constantly drawn to these lotteries is because deep down, the people who play them are convinced they can win.
Proponents support lottery referendums because it is the best way to raise money voluntarily without raising taxes. People who play the lottery volunteer their money. However, lotteries do not necessarily prevent tax increases. In a study conducted by Money magazine, tax revenue was found to have increased by 21.7 percent over a five-year period in lottery states while only 7.
As a philosophical approach, utilitarianism generally focuses on the principle of “greatest happiness”. According to the greatest happiness principle, actions that promote overall happiness and pleasure are considered as right practices. Moreover, to Mill, actions which enhance happiness are morally right, on the other hand, actions that produce undesirable and unhappy outcomes are considered as morally wrong. From this point of view we can deduct that utilitarianism assign us moral duties and variety of ways for maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain to ensure “greatest happiness principle”. Despite all of moral duties and obligations, utilitarian perspective have many specific challenges that pose several serious threats which constitute variety of arguments in this essay to utilitarianism and specifically Mill answers these challenges in his work. These arguments can be determinated and analyzed as three crucial points that seriously challenges utilitarianism. The first issue can be entitled like that utilitarian idea sets too demanding conditions as to act by motive which always serves maximizing overall happiness. It creates single criterion about “being motived to maximize overall happiness” but moral rightness which are unattainable to pursue in case of the maximizing benefit principle challenges utilitarianism. Secondly, the idea which may related with the first argument but differs from the first idea about single criterion issue, utilitarianism demands people to consider and measuring everything which taking place around before people practice their actions. It leads criticism to utilitarianism since the approach sees human-beings as calculators to attain greatest happiness principle without considering cultural differ...
“Monetized utilitarianism attempts to measure happiness, to the extent possible, in terms of money” (Brusseau, 2012, p.113). In my opinion, even if does exist a definition for “monetized utilitarianism”, it doesn’t make much sense, because I don’t understand how it is possible to measure a feeling like happiness with an amount of money. So, I don’t believe that the lottery with its winners and all the money that maybe it could donate to some associations can be a positive thing with all the breach in ethics it does. Too much gambling corrupts the spirit of a person and it is not positive at