An eight month battle of the British Empire and France against the Ottoman Empire resulted in the Gallipoli Campaign. This Campaign began in April 1915, the same time World War 1 was taking place. The British and French began a naval campaign to force a passage through a narrow area located in northwestern Turkey, known as Dardanelles, because they wanted to secure a sea route to Russia. This plan failed and the Ottoman Empire was prepared for what was to come. The failure of the Allied naval and land operations were essential factors in the Ottoman victory at Gallipoli.
World War I was a mainland war that took place on the Western Front. Allied powers consisted of the British Empire, France, Italy and Russia. The Central powers consisted of the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, and four months after the war started the neutral Ottoman Empire joined. At first Turkey was not a nation state but the remains of the Ottoman Empire (Hart 2). Its population consisted of ethnic Turks, Greeks, Arabs, Slavs, and more. The Ottoman Empire, led by Sultan Abdul Hamid, had a struggling government with a weak political system and military defeat. In 1908, a split group of protesters and young army officers and civil servants were known as ‘Young Turks.’ The Young Turks had the common desire to improve the Ottoman Empire to turn around its declining government (Hart 3). It was hard for the government to become more modernized without surrendering control to different foreign powers. In fact, in 1911 Italy attacked Turkey and seized both the Tripolitania and Dodecanese Islands and it was obvious France desired to get Syria. Europe wanted almost every part of the empire that was left. With the Turkish being so weak, it led to the First Balkan War...
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...ta, Odessa, and Novorossiysk (Hart 13). The attacks provoked Russia to declare war on Turkey on November 2nd, 1914. The British reacted quickly to the declaration of war and Winston Churchill ordered the British navy to strike at the Turks forts at the entering of the Dardanelles. The next day the British battle ships, attacked the European forts and the French battle ships, bombed the Asiatic forts at the Dardanelles entrance.
January 7th and 8th, the British War Council confirmed that they would fight side by side with the French on the Western Front. At first, they intended to have substitute plans if the French could not advance any further on the Western Front or if they no longer needed Britain’s support. Churchill’s plans were “to invade and take the Gallipoli Peninsula, with Istanbul as its objective” and have it take place in February 1915 (Hart 16).
On September 3, 1939 Prime Minister, Robert Gordon Menzies, declared the commencement of Australia's involvement in the Second World War on every national and commercial radio station. From 1942 until early 1944, Australian forces, especially Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders played a key role in the Pacific War forming the majority of Allied strength throughout the South West Pacific. Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders affected Australia’s World War Two efforts in their extended volunteering and willingness to fight and die in the war. Aboriginal people were a crucial part of defending the Australian home front, in which they had limited or no rights. Many experienced equal treatment to white Australians for the first time in their
Turkey was allied with the Germans and knocking the Turks out of the war would be a step closer for the British to defeating Germany. If the Gallipoli campaign succeeded this would open up a new front which would be able to draw Central Power troops away from the Western and Eastern fronts and open up a new route to attack Germany and Austria-Hungry. This would tighten the encircling military grip round the Central Powers. If the campaign was successful it would greatly benefit the Russians, who were particularly hard-pressed at the time. By capturing the Dardanelles and Constantinople, the Allies would open up a supply route through the Black Sea and Russian merchant ships could move more freely between Russian Black sea ports and foreign markets.
The Gallipoli campaign was a military disaster but it is still one of the most important conflicts in which Australia was involved. On 25th April 1915 between 4:30 and 6:30 am the Gallipoli Peninsula was invaded by British, Australian and New Zealand forces. This was to start the long, hard weeks in which the troops were fighting for ground that the enemy controlled in Turkey. They were attempting to gain a supply route to Russia to aid them in repelling the German and Turkish soldiers from their country. I will be discussing the willingness of Australians to volunteer for the war effort and the love and respect they had for their Mother Country, England. I will also discuss how the young, naive soldiers arrived at war not knowing what warfare entailed. They were shocked by the conditions and casualties. I will also discuss the bravery that was shown by the ANZACS in the most dangerous conditions. I will conclude with my reasons of why the Gallipoli campaign holds such value and importance in Australian history and ideology.
All Quiet On The Western Front and Gallipoli are two stories independent of each other that chronicle the experiences of two separate young men in the same war. Paul Baumer, a nineteen-year old German soldier, narrates the story of All Quiet On The Western Front. This tragic story begins with Baumer in training camp and concludes with his untimely death. Archy, an eighteen-year old Australian athlete, is the main character in Gallipoli. Gallipoli, a peninsula in Turkey, becomes the background for another account of a young life wasted. Although these two young men are from opposing forces of the war and lived on opposite sides of the equator, they are alike in every way else.
Peter Weir’s 1981 film Gallipoli can in every sense of the phrase be called an ‘Australian classic’. The impact and effect this film has had upon the psyche and perspective of several generations of Australians has been significant. Whilst it can be argued that every Australian is aware of the ANZAC legend, and the events that occurred on the Turkish beaches in 1915, Weir’s film encapsulates and embodies a cultural myth which is now propagated as fact and embraced as part of the contemporary Australian identity. The film projects a sense of Australian nationalism that grew out of the 1970’s, and focuses on what it ‘means’ to be an Australian in a post-colonial country. In this way Gallipoli embodies a sense of ‘Australian-ness’ through the depiction of mateship and through the stark contrast of Australia to Britain. A sense of the mythic Australia is further projected through the cinematic portrayal of the outback, and the way in which Australia is presented in isolation from the rest of the world. These features combined create not only a sense of nationalism, but also a mythology stemming from the ANZAC legend as depicted within the film.
World War I began in nineteen fourteen and ended in nineteen eighteen. World War I was against the Central Powers and the Allied Powers. The Central Powers were made up of Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and Ottoman Empire. The Allied Powers were made upp of Belgium, France, Great Britain, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Portugal, Romania Russing, Serbia, and the United States. It began when Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary is assassinated by a Black Hand Serbian terrorist group member. The war ended after armistice terms were accepted the central powers demanded by the allied powers (INSERT CITATION).
On 28 July 1914, the war began with the Allies and Central Powers in Europe. The Allied Powers primarily consisted of Britain, France, Russia, Serbia, Turkey, and later the US and Italy. The Central Powers consisted of Austria-Hungary, Germany, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.
World War 1 is often referred to as “The Great War”. It started in 1914 and lasted 4 years until 1918. Europeans wanted a balanced power but then alliances had started to form. The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand occurred and this was the spark that led Europe into war. There were many underlying causes to WWI. The key causes were the alliance systems, militarism, and imperialism.
The theme mateship is proven through the relationship between Frank and Archy and also Frank and his three other friends. In Gallipoli, Peter Weir explores the idea of mateship all throughout the movie. For the duration of the film he uses running to draw Frank and Archy together but also his motion picture is wholly based on the theme of mateship between the two, Archy and Frank. Additionally, mateship is shown not only through Frank and Archy but through Frank and his three friends Barney, Billy and Snowy. This essay will examine these issues to explain how mateship is proven throughout the film.
¬¬World War One, called The Great War at the time, was a global war centered in Europe that began on July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918. The war was fought between two major powers, the Allies and the Central powers. The Allied powers, based on the triple Entente, consisted of the United Kingdom, the Russian Empire, France, Italy, Britain, and the United States, while the Central powers consisted of Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire. World War One was one of the bloodiest events in human history, with over sixteen million casualties and twenty million people wounded over the four years that it was fought. There are many underlying reasons for this bloodshed but some of the biggest, most significant ones include alliances, nationalism, and imperialism.
World War I, also known as the Great War, was a global war in Europe that commenced in 28th July 1914 and concluded on November 11th 1918. The two theatres of war include Gallipoli which commenced on February 19th 1915, just after the assassination of Archduke of Austria Franz Ferdinand June 28th 1914, and concluded on January 9th 1916. The Western Front which commenced on August 4th and concluded on November 11th 1918. In both of these theatres ANZAC soldiers were deployed to fight and serve for our country and become a part of the Triple Entente (Australia, Britain, France and Russia) and defend against the Triple Alliance (Austro-Hungary, Germany, Italy and Syria). Although the ANZAC soldiers were serving for and against the same countries,
They also lived peacefully because of their less-populated population. In 1914, Turks entered the World War I by being on the side of Germany and also the Austria-Hungary Empire. At the same time Armenia was helping Russia to fight with the Turks. Because of this war, Turks tried to remove Armenians from the Ottoman Empire. On April 24, 1915, the Armenian genocide began.
The events of July and early August 1914 are known as the sparks that lit the explosion of World War I. Uneasy tensions that had been boiling beneath the surface of Europe for many years soon erupted and with that several alliances that were formed over the past decades were invoked, so within weeks the major powers were at war; via their colonies, the conflict advanced rapidly. When war officially broke out in 1914, Britain joined in the defense of Belgium and in reaction to Germany's violation of the treaty in which the countries neutrality was to be respected by all other nations. Upon this Britain requested that all dominions of the British Empire, including Canada were to fight on its behalf. Canada’s involvement in the War changed history, deepening our independence, strengthening our right the self govern and opening a gap between the French and English-speaking populations. Canadian's were a great asset in WW1, and it marked the beginning of independent Canadian forces fighting under a Canadian-born commander. On August 5, 1914, the Governor General declared a war between Canada and Germany.
Trench warfare was introduced in order to bring a barrier between forces. They were dug by soldiers and were very lengthy, but very cramped. Soldiers crouched down for extended periods of time to keep their heads blocked from being a target for the other side. They sat their watching their friends die from disease and from being shot, bombed, or poison gassed while they waited to fire their weapons at the enemy.
World war one shaped the 20th century, there was a belief pre 1914 that war is good for nations, but this belief died after 1918. It was centred in Europe and was fought from 1914 to 1918. The world's warring nations were divided into two main groups the Allied and the Central Powers. The allied powers consisted of England, Russia, Italy, France and Japan, in 1917 the United States also joined. The Central powers consisted of Germany, Turkey, Bulgaria, and Austria-Hungary.