Karen Horney, a psychoanalytic theorist, established one of the top recognized concepts of neurosis. Horney alleged that neurosis stemmed from simple anxiety produced by interpersonal relationships. Horney’s theory suggests that schemes used to handle anxiety can be overworked, triggering them to take on the presence of needs. According to Horney, simple anxiety can result from a variation of things such as “direct or indirect domination, indifference, erratic behavior, lack of respect for the child's individual needs, lack of real guidance, disparaging attitudes, too much admiration or the absence of it, lack of reliable warmth, having to take sides in parental disagreements, too much or too little responsibility, over-protection, isolation from other children, injustice, discrimination, unkept promises, hostile atmosphere, and so on and so on" (Horney, 1945).
The ten neurotic needs classified by Horney can be categorized into three general categories. The first category “needs that move you towards another,” is the neurotic needs that cause individuals to pursue confirmation and approval from others. These needs are frequently labeled as clingy or needy as they pursue out approval and love. The second category “needs that move you away from others,” is the neurotic needs generate aggression and antisocial conduct. These individuals are regularly described as emotionless, uninterested, and standoffish.
The third category, “needs that move you against others,” is the neurotic needs that cause anger and a necessity to govern other individuals. These individuals are at times labeled as problematic, authoritarian, and unfriendly. Stable individuals employ all three of these schemes, shifting attention depending on inner and ...
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...istence can be accomplished by pursuing their inner being. She believed that we “cannot solve the ills of the world," (Horney, 1942) but therapy can help individuals by identifying their compulsions. Psychoanalysis therapy can definitely assist individuals by giving you the opportunity to focus and guide ad individual towards better development. Horney states “the strength of the resisting forces and the strength of the self to deal with them” (Horney, 1942). Perusing ones self-cognizance can assist the neurotic by directing you mind to a significant point of view. This can be accomplishes as long the individual takes into consideration their environmental backgrounds. This can assist an individual by recognizing who they really are. It is imperative that people set personal guidelines and goals to strive for a healthier, durable and fruitful consciousness.
Torgersen, S. (2009). The nature (and nurture) of personality disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 624-632. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00788.x
Theorists such as Carl Jung and Karen Horney, adapted and built on Freud’s ideas and formed new theories of personality. Carl Jung viewed the unconscious as the ego’s source of strength and energy. Karen Horney believed that both conscious and unconscious factors influence personality and that anxiety was a powerful force on personality outcomes. Like Freud, Jung and Horney’s theories support and provide reasoning for mental disorders and specific behavior. Overall, the psychoanalytic approach digs into a person’s past and life experiences to provide reasons for current behavior and allows them to overcome their issues. They argued that understanding and confrontation conflicts of one’s past would positively influence their
9). Based on the afore initiatives, the mental health professional must decide which therapy would be beneficial in treatment for the clients’ problems. Evaluations and reevaluations may be needed to be successful in treatment (Nurcombe, 2014,
In conclusion, after reading this essay you should be better able to help your friends and loved ones with the problems they may face through the use of psycho therapy. You should be able to pick one or more of the four types of therapy and choose one that is right for you and your personality, combined with the situation you are faced with. Who knows, you might even become famous for your talents someday.
Our text book, Systems of Psychotherapy, describes psychotherapy as “…the informed and intentional application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological principles for the purpose of assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, emotions, and/or other personal characteristics in directions that the participants deem desirable.”
Whilst Psychodynamic theory has its critics, it cannot be denied that it is certainly helpful in some cases, examples of cases where psychoanalysis is helpful are, people who have been abused, people suffering from eating disorders and those in need of family therapy. All of which are sadly all too prevalent in today’s society.
“Narcissistic Personality Disorder.” Cleveland Clinic. The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. N.P., 20 May 2005. Web. 19 May 2010.
The psychotherapies that I most support are a hybrid of two therapies, Carl Rogers’ nondirective Person/Client-Centered Approach and Aaron Beck’s Cognitive Approach. To put it simply, I call it the Person-Centered Cognitive Approach to psychotherapy. A collaboration of these two approaches is what I feel to be the most effective way to help clients achieve homeostasis and growth. I believe the client/therapist relationship is important, and this is why I support the Roger’s Person-Centered therapy and feel it is effective. If the client/therapist relationship is agreeable the atmosphere of the therapeutic relationship will allow for the client to open up, trust the therapist, and allow them to aid the client to move in a constructive direction (Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy). Beck’s Cognitive Therapy also puts great emphasis on a collaborative therapeutic relation, but the reason I support this approach opposed to behavioral approaches is because it says we are what we think (Corsini & Wedding, 2008), and in order for us to be able to change we have to become aware and evaluate our thoughts (Rosner, 2012).
From a psychoanalytic perspective, the goal of counseling is to bring unconscious information to the conscious and strengthen the ego by bringing forth the clients energy to conscious processes (Murdock, 2013). Rasmussen & Salhani (2010) states the following regarding the goal of psychoanalytic theory which further supports Murdock’s statement, “we turn to psychoanalytic theory to understand not only the individual’s conscious, rational thinking, but also the unconscious dynamics and motivation” (Rasmussen & Salhani, 2010).
The theory of psychoanalysis, founded by Freud, asserted that people could be cured by “…making conscious their unconscious thoughts and motivations…”, therefore gaining insight into their behavior and state of being (CITE). The aim of psychoanalytic therapy is to release repressed emotions and experiences, because Freud believed that psychological problems are rooted in the unconscious mind. In certain cases, individuals would have manifested symptoms caused by “…latent…”, or hidden disturbances (CITE). Typical causes could include unresolved issues during development or as a result of repressed trauma. Those who practice psychoanalysis believe that only with a cathartic experience can be the person be helped and therefore cured. In other words, , Freud’s treatment focused on bringing the repressed conflict to consciousness, where the patent then could wo...
Psychoanalysis is also known as the talking cure. His method of unlocking mind of mental illness patients including the following technics: talking and free association. On this technics Feud was supported his patients to talk freely so he can find the symptoms and to describe what was in their unconscious mind.
Person-Centered Therapy is an optimistic theory that is categorized in the humanistic approaches to therapy. PC therapy believes that human beings are intrinsically good, and are motivated to be the best that they can be (Carver & Scheier, 2008, p. 346). The theory embodies respect for individuals and values of tolerance and understanding (Brodley, 2007, p. 140). As the name implies the client is responsible for his or her own growth and improvement (Carver & Scheier, 2008, p.344). Rogers' stated that the main assumption of his approach is that “individuals have within themselves vast resources for self-understanding and for altering their self-concepts, basic attitudes, and self- directed behavior” (Rogers, 1980, p.115). One of the underlying assumptions, and main motivation, of Person-Centered Therapy is that human beings possess an innate tendency to grow and meet their full potential, or to self-actualize. Self-actualization is the inherent motivation to reach our highest potential, both emotionally and intellectually (Kosslyn & Rosenberg, 2004, p. 464). Self-actualization moves one towards autonomous behavior and self-sufficiency, it enriches one’s life and enhances their creativity. It also promotes congruence, wholeness, and integration of the person. Rogers describes self-actualizing people as the fully functioning person (Carver & Scheier, 2008, p.322).
It helps many people to find their strength and to help them use those strengths to better themselves. This group of people often refers to Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs”. They can see breaks in the pyramid, which can cause the hardships of anxiety. The pyramid works step by step up the pyramid starting at the lowest point, being physiological needs. It then continues up the pyramid through safety, love and belonging, ones self esteem, and ending at self-actualization. The humanistic view, in full can be described as a “crucial opportunity to lead us to our own healthy path”. In a humanistic therapy session the therapist uses a lot of empathy and hard listening. This allows the client to voice their concerns without the pressure of answering questions. But the therapists do help a lot too. With the help of humanistic therapist, the individual will learn to add or find positive experiences in their life. It can help those individuals find a sort of peace with who they are and with what
The counseling approach I most identify with is Cognitive Therapy (CT) by Aaron Beck. It concentrates on the part a person’s thought process has in dysfunction and intervention. I agree with Albert Ellis 's Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) and some aspects of the existential approach to counseling, but CT is my choice therapy. One of the primary beliefs in cognitive therapy is that a person 's perspective can influence emotional and behavioral reactions. I believe that if a person is able to reevaluate attitude and beliefs about a situation, the person can improve wellbeing. The person 's wellbeing can improve by altering the reactions he or she has to the situation and learning more
Psychoanalysis refers a set of psychotherapeutic and psychological theories and which are associated with techniques. The aim of psychoanalysis is to remove repressed emotions and experiences, to make the conscious mind from unconscious. Psychoanalysis is specially used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. One who think or talk about psychoanalysis, suddenly mind goes to remember the great personality who is none other than Sigmund Freud, the Father of psychoanalysis. Freud explained human personality comprises of three parts namely the id, ego, and superego which help to form complex human behaviours.