Brigitte Ghorayeb – Presentation
Chapter 10 : Syllable Complexity
This chapter covers the principles of syllabification, with a specific focus on the phonotatic restrictions of English branching on onsets and on codas.
1- Complex Codas
A - Dimensions of possibility and existence of words in a language:
• Existing words
• Non-existent but possible words (words used for advertisements : blick)
• Non-existent and impossible words
• Possibility depends on well-formedness of words (based on grammar rules)
• Existence depends on the lexical inclusion in a language.
B- Complex codas: CVCC • Unlike in onsets, there are no sonority restrictions on English complex codas.
- ‘camp’, ‘pink’, and ‘film’ have a sonority distance of
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« The OCP »
• ‘w’ in twin is parsed into the onset because:
- ‘twin’ and ‘tin’ rhyme.
- Criterion for rhyming in English verse is that the segments in the syllable rhyme be identical.
- The high vowel represented by w in the spelling is assigned to the onset.
- Possibility of assigning high vowels to the onset because:
English forms do not accept labial consonant + labial high vowel + another vowel.
• English forms do not accept words that start with [tl] [dl]
• English forms accept words that start with [pl] [bl] [fl] [kl]
English dislikes segments with an identical place of articulation in the same subsyllabic constituent:
- Ex: no words starting with [pw] [bw] [vw] because they are both labial)
Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP): refers to the tendency of constituent siblings not to have similar places of articulation.
• High vowels can be included in the English onset in accordance with the sonority scale. Minimum sonority distance restriction on English onset siblings is equal to a minimum of 2.
5- Syllabification of [iu]
• If [i] is followed by [u], they are seen as one. If [i] is followed by [e] or [a], there is a segmental
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English speakers avoid the sequence [i] + vowel in one syllable unless the vowel is [u].
• In [iu], [u] is the lexicalized peak and thus [i] is assigned to the onset.
English system lacks [iu] after onsets with two consonants.
High vowels can partake in the English onset.
6- Onset fulfilment
• “Parsing” refers to the action of turning elements into constituents.
• “Parsing” is guided by the sonority profile of the sequence of segments.
• Ex: vowels require a minimum sonority level of 4 and this level has to be the peak level in the word. • Minimal Onset Satisfaction: Minimal satisfaction of onsets takes priority over satisfaction of codas. / imposes the formation of a minimal onset in preference to a coda in the preceding syllable, to conform to the universally basic CV syllable. Examples:
- Tendency of assigning an intervocalic consonant to the onset.
- VCVCV will be syllabified V.CV.CV. and not VC.VC.V because CV is the universal core syllable.
- In non-rhotic accents, there is no phonetic [r] in car and thus do not admit the [r] in codas and is parsed in the
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Seikel, J. A., King, D. W., & Drumright, D. G. (2010). 12. Anatomy & physiology for speech,
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Peter R. Mitchell and John Schoeffel. New York: New Press, 2002. 135. The syllable of the syllable. Loewen, James.
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