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The Aftermath of The Galveston Hurricane In 1900
Thousands of lives lost, and hearts broken because there was nothing left. Galveston Texas will never be the same ever again. The Galveston hurricane is still known as the deadliest storm that was ever recorded. After the hurricane killed thousands of Galveston Texans renovations began. The Galveston hurricane wiped out about almost the whole city including homes, businesses, and lives, about everything in its path. Due to the cause of the Galveston hurricane, the effects from the aftermath was only for the better but also for the worse.
The 78-year-old founder of the Red Cross Clara Barton, “arrived two weeks later to restart the orphanage and coordinate the distribution of donated goods,
Instead of putting money back into reinvest in Galveston “they focused their attention on Houston after the discovery of oil in Beaumont in 1901and the dredging of the Houston ship channel in 1909” (Murnane). Galveston never really came back to full after the hurricane because the “oil was discovered in Houston soon afterwards, … Texas’ economic momentum shifted, and Galveston became a beach town.”
There were about 6,000 out of 37,000 people accounted for that where dead or missing. Come to find out that the political climate in 1900 was bias with the Cubans because the U.S. government thought they could control the forecast just as well as the Cubans. Come to find out that wasn’t the case, “Cubans had pioneered the art and science of hurricane prediction” (Waxman). As for the US we weren’t up to pare with finding out which way the storm was moving, how fast it was coming, and how strong it was going to be. With the US ignoring the Cubans it costed the lives of many Galveston people. The lives were lost because by the time the people knew about the hurricane it was too late to get out of town cause the next morning the 1900 Galveston hurricane hit landfall. After meteorologist ignored the Cubans “the bureau’s director Willis Moore… banned direct communication between the U.S. weather Bureau’s office in Havana and the office in New Orleans, requiring Havana to report directly with Washington”
In the late summer of 2005, a terrible tragedy occurred that changed the lives of many in the south-east region of the United States. A Category 3, named storm, named Hurricane Katrina, hit the Gulf Coast on the 29th of August and led to the death of 1,836 and millions of dollars’ worth of damage (Waple 2005). The majority of the damage occurred in New Orleans, Louisiana. Waple writes in her article that winds “gusted over 100 mph in New Orleans, just west of the eye” (Waple 2005). Not only was the majority of the damage due to the direct catastrophes of the storm but also city’s levees could no longer hold thus breaking and releasing great masses of water. Approximately, 80% of the city was submerged at sea level. Despite the vast amount of damage and danger all throughout the city, officials claimed that there was work being done to restore the city of New Orleans as a whole but many parts, and even the people, of the city were overlooked while areas of the city with higher economic value, and more tourist traffic, were prioritized along with those individuals.
For the rest of the people still in Cuba, life was and still is not easy.
... A 17-foot seawall, which ultimately reached 10.4 miles, was built along the island’s Gulf Coast. They also launched a project designed to increase the island’s overall elevation above sea level by using city blocks (Ackerman). Despite all these renovations and rebuilding, Galveston was no longer the distinguished commercial nexus of Texas (Hoogenboom). As the hurricane ended, the city of Galveston ended.
Not only was it Texas's major port, but unfortunately it was the Unions major target resulting in a Federal Naval assault. during the first year of the Civil War. Knowing the importance of Galveston to Texas, Federal troops in 1862. took the port and surrounding areas thus making it one of only a handful of Union victories in the Lone Star state. Fearful of losing their "property", many slave owners in the areas surrounding Galveston, fled the area into the North of Texas to avoid any clashes with Union troops.
Katrina is the costliest U.S hurricane, with estimated damage over $81 billion and costs over $160 billion.” The people that were affected the most was the poor people, children, the sick, and the elderly. Most of New Orleans was underwater; it was going to take a long time for the city to come back from this. “The The rescue and recovery efforts following Katrina became highly politicized, with federal, state and local officials pointing fingers at one another.” People didn’t get the proper warnings to evacuate. After the hurricane “Government officials have sought to learn from the tragedy and implement better environmental, communications and evacuation policies.” Ten years after the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina the city is still dealing with still trying to recover. The have lost a lot when the hurricane hit and it affected them financially, because of the popular areas that are in New Orleans. In all, almost everyone that evacuate from New Orleans fled to Houston which led to the population to grow, but also those that came to Houston had a different feeling about things. Houston has also had its fair shares has had 27 disasters- eight hurricanes, eight floods, six severe storms, three
Clara Barton was born on December 25, 1821 and died on April 12, 1912, she was a pioneering nurse who founded the American Red Cross. She was a hospital nurse in the American Civil War, a teacher, and patent clerk. Barton is noteworthy for doing humanitarian work at a time when relatively few women worked outside the home. She had a relationship with John J. Elwell, but never married. North Oxford, Massachusetts.
This may be a common trend in every large city if more hurricanes strike. Urban development in almost all cities in America has made flooding worse than it should be. The creation of buildings, asphalt, concrete, and other things have eliminated much of the grass in the cities, which will cause less rainwater to be absorbed into the ground. Although most major cities have rain drainage channels, Houston may not have had enough of them, which caused them to fill up with water. The water had nowhere to go except on the streets. The city of Houston avoided floodplains. The floodplains that were present in Houston were often ignored by construction companies. These companies chose to build houses on the floodplains. This is discussed in this quote by Sean Breslin, “In the months following Hurricane Harvey, Houstonians face an important decision: respect the floodplain and stop building homes wherever, or continue to ignore the lessons taught by countless flood events and build more homes in the most vulnerable areas of town” (Breslin n. pag). I feel that if the civilians and building companies in Houston would have respected the floodplains years earlier, fewer lives would have been lost in this hurricane. Coral reefs provide excellent coastline protection which slows the hurricane just before landfall. The death of coral reefs also could have played a large role in why the hurricane was so
Leading up to this storm, many prominent scientists believed that the hurricane would never make landfall, or if it did hit, would not cause any major damage. Due to this foolhardy belief held by the scientists, many civilians did not have any time to evacuate their homes and barely escaped with their loved ones and whatever small valuables or keepsakes they could grab. Regretfully, many families had to leave everything they had behind. Hurricane Andrew also damaged the livelihood of many small shop owners or farms and caused long term problems as well. Due to the large flooding and high wind speeds, much of southern Florida was left in ruin and many years were spent trying to clean the rubble and restore buildings. Hurricane Andrew also destroyed many precious ecosystems on top of all of that.
The population of New Orleans was steadily decreasing, between the years of 2000 and 2005, 30,000 (6%) of the population left New Orleans in search for better lives (4). The declining population shows us that before Hurricane Katrina residence were already considering leaving the city, some push factors leading them away from the city include poverty and unemployment (5). Accord to the U.S 2005 Census Bureau around 23% of the residence lived in poverty, this can be a result of the nearly 12% unemployment rate (5). With an unemployment rate double the national standard and nearly one forth the population living in poverty, the city of New Orleans had many push factors against it resolution in a decline population prier to Hurricane Katrina. At the time of the storm nearly 400,000 residents were displaced from their homes too near by safe areas or other states. The population reming in the city as decreased to a few thousand (6). A month after the disaster when the levee breaches were repaired and the flood water was pumped out of the city, residence were allowed to return to what was left of their homes. The first reliable estimate of the New Orleans population after Hurricane Katrina was an ‘American Community survey’. The survey projected that by the start of 2006 around one third or 158,000 of the population returned. By the middle of f2006 the city
Barton, William E. The Life of Clara Barton Founder of the American Red Cross. Vol. 1. New York: AMS Press, 1969.
The American Red Cross was founded on May 21, 1881 by Clara Barton. In the late 1850’s she moved to Washington, D.C. to work in the United States Patent office. Clara Barton was one of the women to ever gain employment from the federal government. Clara wanted to help the soldiers of the Civil War so she gathered supplies for the Union Army. In 1862, Clara Barton was on the battlefield in Fredericksburg, Virgina, there she was helping wounded soldiers. She also helped soldiers who were hurt and involved in Antietam. During the early 1870s, Clara Barton was helping with a relief organization called the International Red Cross. When she returned home she decided to start an American branch.
“Houston was founded in 1836 by two brothers,” (World Book Encyclopedia pg. 394) John K. Allen and Augustus Allen. They bought 6,642 acres on which to build the great city. They decided to name the city after their friend Sam Houston. “He was a general that led the army that won Texas’s freedom from Mexico.” (Passionate Nation pg. 274) Sam Houston also became the first Texas president. The brothers built a capitol building; it was two stories tall and made completely out of wood. The Texas Congress moved from Colombia to the new capitol building. Within four months after Houston was founded, more than 1,500 people were living there. Once the city started growing, Houston became very famous for its popular port. The port sent goods to and received goods from all around the world. Sadly, in the 1900s a hurricane hit it. “Houston helped out in World War II. They helped with ship building, steel producing, and producing oil.” (visithoustontexas.com) Houston’s history is very rich and so is its culture.
Cline noticed a continually rising tide in spite of a 15 mph wind from out of the north as well as decreasing pressure. At 12 o'clock midnight Saturday September 8, 1900 it began to rain in Galveston. By nine in the morning water was running calf deep a few blocks from the beach. The rising tide, driving wind, rain and storm surge broke apart the bathhouses on the beach. Citizens of Galveston began to comprehend the importance of the situation and started movin...
On early morning of August 29th, 2005 on the Gulf Shore near New Orleans, a devastating hurricane struck. It wrecked havoc, demolishing anything in its path. Leaving nothing but mounds of trash. The surviving people were forced to leave due to massive flooding and the destruction of their homes. New Orleans was not the only place hit by Katrina but it was one of the areas that was hit the hardest. Millions of people were affected by this tragedy and the cost range was up in the billions. Crime rates went up, no one had a place to stay and water was polluted. The damage done by Katrina affected New Orleans and the other areas hit years after it struck. Restoration for the areas hit was going to need support from all of America and support groups across the country. No one was ready for this tragedy or could ever predict the horrible outcome.
...he government of Louisiana soon came up with new criteria on how future structure should be built to withstand more natural disasters like these. Not only knowing basic information, knowing how to prepare, and seeing how Hurricane Katrina was so destructive should help the forty five million citizens that live on hurricane prone coastlines prepare for anything like this in the future.