Clinical diagnosis According to the researches and articles the only affected part of the eye by diabetic retinopathy is the retina thus the best way to detect this disease and follow its progression is through comprehensive eye test as well as direct imagining of the retina. Currently there are several methods are performed for the eye test in GCC region which include, Visual acuity test, Dilated exam, Fluorescein angiography, Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Ultrasound test. Therefore the main thrusts would be to discuss the procedure, efficiency and the disadvantages of these tests. Fluorescein angiography Fluorescein angiography one of the best ways used from to detect the eye problems which are currently used in GCC region. This test is usually recommended by the physician for confirmation of the diagnosis. For this method first dilatant eye drops are inserted to the eye then the pictures of inner eye is taken. Then small amount of yellow dye (fluorescent dye) is injected to the patient’s arm where it circulates throughout the blood vessels in the body including those in the retina subsequently special camera with blue flash is used to take series of pictures of the …show more content…
Therefore it helps the physician to determine why the patient’s vision is blurred and whether the treatment should be started. The advantages of this method are that it provides pictures with high resolution and it does not need much cooperation from the patients to remain without movement since it is very fast however it has some limitations because in this method the light waves are used for examination; the test cannot be successful if any object interfere with the light passing like Cataract (clouding of the lens of the eye) or hemorrhage in the gel center of the
The TearLAb device allows the practitioner to monitor and supervise the tear film’s osmolarity, which is an important factor correlated with dry eye. In normal patients tear osmolarity is low and very similar to blood osmolarity (290 milliosmoles per litter). This indicates that tears are in proper homeostasis. On the other hand, dry eye patients have elevated (> 316 mOsm/L) and unstable tear osmolarity which can vary both over time and between eyes.[4]. This test is simple and quick to perform which can be easily delegated to a consultant or a technician
Atherosclerosis is a disease that occurs when arteries become blocked, inflamed, or hardened. As a result of this, blood cannot easily pass through the artery, and blood pressure increases. Many people suffer from atherosclerosis as they age, but young people can be affected by atherosclerosis also. There are many preventative steps that can be taken to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis; however, if atherosclerosis does develop in the arteries, medications can be given to help the individual receive adequate blood flow to important tissues. Atherosclerosis is a very serious condition that requires medical attention and a change in life style because it is a precursor to many dangerous and potentially fatal diseases.
Diabetes is a disease that is very common in the world. Early detection of diabetes can significantly decrease the risk of it getting worse throughout a person’s life. There are symptom...
Retinal Detachment The retina is a thin membrane that lines the back of the eye. It is the part of the eye that lets you see. Retinal detachment is the separation of the retina from the back of the eye. Retinal detachment causes vision loss.
21 February 2014 Phuong Nguyen 2510 Woodhull Ave Bronx, NY 10469. The Honorable Bill de Blasio, Mayor of New York City City Hall, New York, NY 10007. Dear Mayor Blasio, As society develops, people do not stop seeking access to healthcare services in order to ensure a better quality of life. With largely diverse populations, the Bronx has emerged to be a widely populated community in New York City. As a result, the challenges present in the community are overpopulation, polluted environment, excessive fast food chains, and noise pollution due to various transportations that are a root cause of many healthcare problems.
Retinopathy is usually found in people that have high blood pressure and diabetics. It is most commonly in people that have diabetes. The cause of retinopathy occurs when the blood vessels swell and leak fluid or even close off completely. Some cases abnormal new blood cells grows on the surface of the retina. People with diabetic retinopathy get it in both eyes. Most diabetics do not notice any visual complications at an early stage’s of the disease. As this disease progresses, usually cause vision loss that usually cannot be reversed. Different parts of the retina can be affected like the macula, the outer part of the retina or both. Which can make retinopathy more serious. Background retinopathy doesn’t change the sight. With this you have tiny leaks fluid and tiny bleeds in various parts of the retina. Pre-proliferative retina is more extensive, signs of blood flow becoming more restive, but not yet showing signs of new blood vessels growing. Maculopathy shows damage to the macula. Proliferative retinopathy when damage blood vessels in the retina make chemicals called growth factors. The form new blood vessels which are not normal. Without laser treatment, vision is most likely become badly affected.
When the blood glucose is higher than the normal levels, this is known as diabetes disease. The body turns the food we eat into glucose or sugar and use it for energy. The insulin is a hormone created by the pancreas to help the glucose get into the cells. The sugar builds up in the blood because either the body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t well use its own insulin (CDC, 2015). In the United States diabetes is known as the seventh leading cause of death. There are different types of diabetes. However, there are two main types of diabetes and these are; Diabetes type 1 and Diabetes type 2 (CDC, 2015).
My preparation for training in the field of optometry includes that of shadowing experience and employment by Dr. William Shaheen at the Eye Institute of Southeastern Michigan. Beginning in July of 2015 I was given the chance to follow and learn from Dr. Shaheen as he progressed through his daily routines. I have been fortunate enough to witness several procedures, including punctal plugs, lacrimal dilations, and my favorite the application of amniotic grafts for ocular surface issues. I learned to obtain photos of the macula and optic nerve using a Fundus camera and scans using an OCT machine. I was also fortunate enough to learn to administer both VEP and Pattern ERG Electrodiagnostic tests. Although I know what I have been exposed just scratches
Vision is an important part of everyday life. Mild to complete vision loss can make living a challenge. Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited condition that gradually tunnels field of vision and also leads to retinal degeneration. RP affects about 1 in every 3500 Americans (Openshaw, Branham, and Heckenlively, 2008). Living with RP is possible and people with RP can still have successful lives.
Measuring visual acuity is important in the optometry field and one of the easiest tests to be performed. It can also be a good indicator for the presence or absence of refractive error and monitoring the progression of ocular diseases. If there is reduction of visual acuity after the refraction is performed, it will give us a signal to find out the reason of the underlying causes. Nowadays, most of the optometrist used Snellen Chart for the measurement of visual acuity. However, it is well known that Snellen Chart have several disadvantages because the chart was not standardized. To overcome the problem, the Australian Optometrists, Ian Bailey and Jan Lovie come out with an idea to develop the Bailey Lovie logMAR visual acuity Chart in 1976
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders which is characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or resistance or both reasons. (1) According to that diabetes mellitus can be divided as type I and type II. This is common and its incidence is rising, 171 million people had diabetes in 2000 it is expected this condition to be doubled in 2030. It is spread in all the countries and therefore has become a major burden upon healthcare facilities. (2)
“The Aravind Eye Care System has dramatically improved the quality, volume and efficiency of eye care delivery in India and inspired health workers everywhere.” (Brilliant, L & Brilliant, G. (2007)) The workflow of doctors are set high, they perform over 200,000 surgeries per year. Keeping the waiting time between each operation very small and steady, resulting in many more patients becoming operated on. “The second core principle is excellence in execution of ensuring a high level of efficiency in providing the treatment, including outpatient services and surgeries.” (Tikoo, R. Financial Express). The gap between each operation was so precise and consistent; it solely helped improve the efficiency of the hospital. “By the time the first operation was finished, the second patient already had a microscope focused on their eye. Dr. Aravind then moved straight to table no.2 without any interlude.” (Manikutty, S & Vohra, N
bright light, like a camera flash. There are many types of surgeries to treat glaucoma, but the
Electro-Oculography, In this method, sensors are placed on the skin around the eyes. This sensors measure an electric field exists when eyes rotate. By recording this small potential difference around the eye, the position of the eye can be estimated. This signal can change when there is no eye movement. This method is not useful for everyday use, since it requires the contact of electrodes around eye but is still used by clinicians. One of the advantages of this method is its ability to detect eye movements even when the eye is closed [4].
The foundation of Aravind eye care system was laid around three and half decade ago. Dr. G. Venkataswamy set up Aravind eye care system in 1976. Dr. Venkataswamy felt that how needless blindness was spread and how this disease is causing towards the disability of significant portion of population. Approximately 9 million of Indian population was affected by the needless blindness disease. He also sensed th...