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Research paper on normalization in dbms
Basic database design concepts
Basic database design concepts
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Abstract
Database Systems has a practical, hands-on approach that makes it uniquely suited to providing a strong foundation in good database design practice. Database design is more art than science. While it's true that a properly designed database should follow the normal forms and the relational model, you still have to come up with a design that reflects the business you are trying to model. This paper shows describes design process of database project.
The importance of Completing the Design Process
An important point to keep in mind is that the level of structural integrity and data integrity is in direct proportion to how thoroughly the design process is followed. The less time spent on the design process, the greater the risk of encountering problems with the database. While thoroughly following the database design process may not eliminate all of the problems you may encounter when designing a database, it will greatly help to minimize them. Also in an RDBMS software program a well-designed database is easier to implement than a poorly designed database. (Michael J. Hernandez, 1996)
Key database Design Concepts
Before a design effort can proceed full speed ahead, the designer must first take time to understand the business. Understanding the business involves understanding the entities, data, and rules within an organization, and then converting these attributes of the business into a business model. Then, the designer must have a solid comprehension of the proposed database model. Finally, the designer will convert the business model into a database model, using a design methodology, whether automated or a manual process.
(Ryan Stephens & Ronald Plew, 2002)
General Design Process
Following table list general steps of database design
Step Description
1 Requirements collection and analysis
2 Conceptual database design
3 Choice of a DBMS
4 Data model mapping (also called logical database design)
5 Physical database design
6 Database system implementation
(Elmasri, Ramez, & Navathe, Shamkant B., 1994)
Creating the application is the last step¡ªnot the first! Many developers take an idea for an application, bu...
... middle of paper ...
... levels of normalization, but the primary levels are the first, second, and third normal forms. Each level has a rule or two that must be followed. Following all of the rules will help ensure that your database is well organized and flexible.
To take an idea from inception through to fruition, you should follow a design process. This process essentially says "think before you act." Discuss rules, requirements, and objectives, and then create the final version of your normalized tables.
Reference
1. Elmasri, Ramez, & Navathe, Shamkant B., Fundamentals of Database Systems, Second Edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994, ISBN 0-8053-1748-1, pages 450-452.), retrieved from website http://www.ibiblio.org/faint/finosaur/db/ , Feb 06, 2005
2. Michael J. Hernandez, Database Design For Mere Mortals, Chapter 4, 1996, retrieved from UOP resource safari Tech Books Online website, Feb 06,2005
3. Ryan Stephens & Ronald Plew, Key database design concepts, 2002, retrieved from website http://searchdatabase.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid13_gci812028,00.html, Feb 06, 2005
Now click the “ENTER” key on your keyboard, on your computer is operating in ‘Safe Mode’.
Oracle ThinkQuest. Oracle Education Foundation, 04 Jun 2010. Web.
In our opinion, we should compare past results with new concept and filter out past failed ideas. We incorporate past innovations and early hypothesis testing. 3. Select, refine, design. After the two steps before, we should have historic solutions for components, map product solutions with Vendors, using past customer feedback to improve design.
Oracle's relational databases represent a new and exciting database technology and philosophy on campus. As the Oracle development projects continue to impact on University applications, more and more users will realize the power and capabilities of relational database technology.
In 1977, Larry Ellison, Bob Miner, and Ed Oates founded System Development Laboratories. After being inspired by a research paper written in 1970 by an IBM researcher titled “A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks” they decided to build a new type of database called a relational database system. The original project on the relational database system was for the government (Central Intelligence Agency) and was dubbed ‘Oracle.’ They thought this would be appropriate because the meaning of Oracle is source of wisdom.
The ideation process constitutes of several steps, which include defining the objectives, formulating tasks, generating ideas, developing concepts, and results evaluation. To begin with, generation of ideas is carried out to help in pro...
Dr. Edgar F. Codd was best known for creating the “relational” model for representing data that led to today’s database industry ("Edgar F. Codd") (Edgar F. Codd). He received many awards for his contributions and he is one of the many reasons that we have some of the technologies today. As we dig deeper into his life in this research paper, we will find that Dr. Edgar F. Codd was in fact, a self-motivated genius.
[7] Elmasri & Navathe. Fundamentals of database systems, 4th edition. Addison-Wesley, Redwood City, CA. 2004.
Inconsistently storing organization data creates a lot of issues, a poor database design can cause security, integrity and normalization related issues. Majority of these issues are due to redundancy and weak data integrity and irregular storage, it is an ongoing challenge for every organization and it is important for organization and DBA to build logical, conceptual and efficient design for database. In today’s complex database systems Normalization, Data Integrity and security plays a key role. Normalization as design approach helps to minimize data redundancy and optimizes data structure by systematically and properly placing data in to appropriate groupings, a successful normalize designed follows “First Normalization Flow”, “Second Normalization Flow” and “Third Normalization flow”. Data integrity helps to increase accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life cycle, it also help keep track of database objects and ensure that each object is created, formatted and maintained properly. It is critical aspect of database design which involves “Database Structure Integrity” and “Semantic data Integrity”. Database Security is another high priority and critical issue for every organization, data breaches continue to dominate business and IT, building a secure system is as much important like Normalization and Data Integrity. Secure system helps to protect data from unauthorized users, data masking and data encryption are preferred technology used by DBA to protect data.
When the buzzword of business model was very active and reactive during the internet boom, many individuals did not understand the concept of the proper business model for the proper business (Magretta, 2002). When not utilizing the right type of model for the organization, the model will be misused and distorted (Magretta, 2002). Understanding the traditional organization and learning organization, will allow an organization to determine which time of organization they desire the most.
[1]- Ralph Stair, George Reynolds and Thomas Chesney. 2012. Fundamentals of Business information systems. 2nd edition: Cengage Learning EMEA.
Starting an app from the scratch can be a little wearisome task. You have to do brainstorming, gather your ideas and jot them down, tap onto a programmer… and this endless list continues. And also you require to market your app, by constantly updating your content for your users. Well, this whole process can be really tedious.
Databases are becoming as common in the workplace as the stapler. Businesses use databases to keep track of payroll, vacations, inventory, and a multitude of other taske of which are to vast to mention here. Basically businesses use databases anytime a large amount of data must be stored in such a manor that it can easily be searched, categorized and recalled in different means that can be easily read and understood by the end user. Databases are used extensively where I work. In fact, since Hyperion Solutions is a database and financial intelligence software developing company we produce one. To keep the material within scope I shall narrow the use of databases down to what we use just in the Orlando office of Hyperion Solutions alone.
The database application design can be improved in a number of ways as described below: