Current Technology on Winding Linear Generators
Abstract
This paper is an overview of the materials and winding technology that is currently used on today’s linear generators. It contains information on the types of wire used as well as the epoxy used to hold the coil windings in place. Furthermore, it contains information on the possible orientations that the coils can have with respect to the permanent magnets.
Introduction
Linear generators/motors have been around since the early 1900’s with one of the first written references being in regard to Birkeland’s Cannon, then described as a tubular motor but is more accurately described as a reluctance motor. 1
Today linear generators/motors have more widespread, not to mention less destructive, uses such as magnetically levitated trains, and renewable power generation.
The Wire
Magnet wire is the preferred type of wire used for the windings of linear generators and most other types of generators. This wire is made out of copper wire and insulated with a thin layer of enamel. The thickness of the insulation is much smaller than that of standard electrical wire. The reason for this is to allow for the wires to be packed in closer together while at the same time restricting the current from jumping between wires. Magnet wire comes in various sizes, like most wires, and also has an associated gauge that allows the engineer to determine its ampacity characteristics. Taihan Electric wire company gave the following definition of magnet wire on its website: “Magnet wire is wound in a form of coil around the core inside the electrical appliances and plays a role of converting mechanical energy into electric energy and vice versa. Magnet wire is widely used in alm...
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Conclusion
The research involved in this paper has greatly enhanced our groups understanding of the technology involved in winding linear generators and will be a useful guide during the construction of our prototype.
Works Cited
1. E.R. Laithwaite, Propulsion Without Wheels. Hart Publishing Company, Inc, 1968
2. Taihan, November 24, 2003,
http://www.taihan.com/taihan_eng/prod/wire/magn_MAGN_m.asp?curMenu=wire
3. Rare Earth Magnets, November 24, 2003, http://www.rare-earth-
magnets.com/magnet_university/magnets_electromagnetism.htm
4. Altana Electrical Insulation, November 24, 2003, http://www.epoxylite.com/motors.htm
5. Van Blarigan, Peter. “Advanced Internal Combustion Electrical Generator.” Sandia
National Laboratories. Livermore, CA. 2001
6. Kunel, Heinrich. German Patent: # DE3024814, 01-28-1982
Ida B. Wells was born on July 16, 1982 in Holly Springs, Mississippi to Jim and Elizabeth Wells. Her mother, Elizabeth was born in Virginia, but slavery forced her to move to Mississippi at the age of seven. Elizabeth was never able to trace her biological family, so she believed that she was half Indian. On the other hand, Ida’s father was half white and half African- American, and his father was his slave owner. Both parents did not suffer as bad as other slaves did. They hoped that Ida would helped their lives improve because being a slave was not easy (Steenwyk 12).
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Ida B. Wells had a rough childhood. Her parents were enslaved before the Civil War, but still made ends meet as her mother worked as a cook and her father worked as a skilled carpenter. Ida was the eldest of eight children. When a yellow fever epidemic swept through Holly Springs taking the lives of Ida’s mother, father and baby brother Stanley, but fortunately for Ida her parents gave her very good leadership skills which she used to keep and manage the rest of her six younger siblings after her parent’s death. She obtained a job as a schoolteacher where the local African – Americans attended. With this job she was able to put food on the table working for $25.00 a month. She then moved to Memphis Tennessee for a higher paying job while being taken care of by her Aunt Fannie and friends and other family took care of her younger siblings.
During a scene in Oprah’s show, a young woman who herself is light skin explained why she didn’t understand the discrimination that has divided a race based on the preferences of skin tones. Everyone who had light skin did not consider themselves to be any better or smarter than any other African American woman. Privilege was not always the mindset and she took the time to help woman of darker skin tones understand exactly what she meant. She stated, “I’ve seen first-hand how some of my darker-skinned family members are treated, but I too struggle with discrimination. Being a light-skinned girl, you get called names. You get called ‘lite-brite,’ you get called ‘high yellow,’ ‘redbone.’ This is a reality every day.” Not only women of lighter shades feel effected by the bashing of the name calling but they felt just as neglected as women with darker shades of skin.
One percent of the population - two million people - in the United States has Epilepsy. Every year over 125,000 new cases are reported one third of which are children (Carson 7). U.S. doctors have found at least twenty different types of seizures to be in existence (Carson 11). Even though there are many ways to diagnose and treat Epilepsy, there is not a current cure.
This paper is on epilepsy and seizures. The human brain is the source of all human epilepsy. (Steven C. Schachter, Patricia O. Shafer, Joseph I. Sirven, 2013) What is epilepsy? Epilepsy is sometimes referred to a seizure disorder, though not all seizures are related to epilepsy. According to the website Stony Brook Medicine, the reason a seizure occurs is because of an unexpected surge of electrical activity in the brain. (Stony Brook Medicine, 2014) Due to the overloading of electrical activity, it causes short-lived disturbance in the messaging system between the brain cells. The word epilepsy approaches from a Greek word 'epi' signifying 'upon or above' and the Greek word 'Laptos' meaning 'seizure'. The roots we have the Greek word epilepsia and epilepsies. (Seth Statler) Epilepsy also means that a person has had repeated seizures. A single seizure does not mean they have epilepsy. Therefore epilepsy can be defined as more than one seizure. In America, more than three million Americans are affected with epilepsy and seizures, with almost 200,000 new cases diagnosed annually. (Stony Brook Medicine, 2014) Epilepsy is not a disease but a disorder of the central nervous system specifically the brain.
Every woman wants to believe she's beautiful. Consequently, the definition of beauty is abstract in itself, especially to some black women. Amidst the various unpleasant burdens black women persistently withstand on a daily basis is the fierce, apparently overwhelming divide of colorism. I, like many others, have had my own battles with colorism. I vaguely remember an African girl in my sixth grade class with a light complexion, naturally curly brown hair and green eyes being cruelly ridiculed for being " a contradiction to her culture" by other girls in the class. Solely because of certain features, she was deemed different. Thus, making her not worthy of admission into the association of the other black girls. I can also recall thinking to
The Scarlet Letter is brimming with symbols which represent various aspects of Puritan society. In every chapter symbols are displayed through characters and the letter itself. The most dramatic of chapters using these techniques to provide the reader with vivid imagery of the events that took place. Hawthorne's ability to introduce these symbols and change them through the context of his novel is but one of the reasons that The Scarlet Letter is considered a classic masterpiece and a superior example of the romance novel.
Epilepsy is not what you think. It is a complicated disease, a disease that doesn't just affect one type of person or age. Over fifty million men, women, and children cope with this disease daily. Epilepsy is a mysterious disease to those who are unfamiliar and uneducated about the disease. Many people have preconceived notions about Epileptics. Researching the topic thoroughly, the five preconceived notions I explored have been proven to be false.
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder targeted at the central nervous system. Nerve cell activity in the brain is disrupted thus causing seizures and/or abnormal behavior. Symptoms are different from person to person, some stare off for a few seconds while others may have twitching sensations. 1 in 26 people in the US may develop a seizure disorder in their life. Eplipsy can cause temporary confusion, staring, uncontrollable involuntary movement, loss of awareness, and psychic symptoms. There are many possible causes for epilepsy: genetic, head injury, brain conditions, infectious diseases, developmental, and prenatal injury.
To wrap the forming yarn on a package in a systematic manner or to transfer yarn from one supply package to another in such a way that the latter is adequately compact and usable for the subsequent operations.
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder where you experience sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, and is accompanied by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Symptoms with this disease aren’t always all the same. Some may have terrible shaking and lose consciousness. However, others may inquire simple staring spells. Some people may even have sensations such as tingling, odors that aren’t actually there. Seizures have different classifications such as an absence seizure, generalized tonic-clonic seizure, or a partial seizure. Also, seizures can happen differently each time.
Epilepsy is a serious neurological condition that affects over 50 million people worldwide. It is a chronic disorder that is characterized by recurring seizures and sudden changes in electrical brain function. Epilepsy is defined by Goodman as “a chronic disorder of various causes characterized by recurrent seizures. According to the Epilepsy Foundation , epilepsy is the fourth most common neurologic disease in the immediately after Alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular accident. Epilepsy is characterized by seizures but the presence of seizures is not always indicative of a diagnosis of epilepsy. This disorder is more common in the very young and the elderly but it affects every one of all ages and all walks of life.
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