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Question about water cycle
Question about water cycle
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According to ( weather climate) "Atmospheric Moisture: Evaporation and Condensation
The water cycle
There is always water vopour present in the atmosphere. Lesson 3 demonstrated that when the air rises and cools, it become saturated and releases water vapour as condensation. This condensation is the source of all clouds and rain. Water vapour enters the atmosphere by evaporation from surface bodies of water. These include puddles, ponds, streams, riviers, lakes and oceans. Water also enter the atmosphere by evapotranspiration from plants and trees. The water vapour is returned to surface in the rain, hail, sleet or snow, where it is returned to soil for uptake by vegetation or to surface streams, riviers and lakes and ultimately by the sea.
Rate increase when temperatures are higher; an increase of 10C will approximately double the rate of evaporation. The humidity of the surrounding air will also influence evaporation. Drier air has a greater “thirst” for water vapour than humid, moist air. It follows, therefore, that the presence of wind will also increase evaporation. On still days, water evaporating to the air remains close to its source, increasing the local humidity. As the moisture content of the air increases, evaporation will diminish. If, however, a steady flow of air exists to remove the newly formed vapour, the air surrounding the water source will remain dry, “thirsty” for the future
If cooling continues, as may happen when the atmosphere is unstable, the small liquid drops will coalesce to form larger drops, ice crystals cling together to form snowflakes and supercooled drops freeze on contact with ice crystals. Eventually such combinations become weighty enough to fall out of the cloud. Some precipitation may evaporate again before reaching the ground. The rest falls as rain if temperatures are high enough to melt ice crystals, or snow if ground or mountain top temperatures are below 0 C. Hail forms when large drops are tossed up and down in strong vertical currents within a cloud, alternatively collecting additional water and then freezing, until ice stones acquire sufficient weight to overcome the upthrusting air currents and fall to the
There are numerous stages that take place simultaneously in the hydrologic cycle and this includes evaporation. This is when the water alters from a liquid state into a gas. The damp air from the water rises into the atmosphere and when it cools, the vapor condenses and shapes into clouds. But those billows are not the only form the vapors make; it can also materialize as dew, fog and mist, which blanket the Earth, characteristically on a rainy or humid day. Evaporation takes place when water changes from a liquid state into a gaseous state, and ascents out of the pores of the earth and into the atmosphere as a vapor (“How”). While evaporation is taking place, condensation is also occurring. When the temperature in the air plunges, the clouds become heavy and as a result they relieve themselves of the extra weight, which is called precipitation. This produces rain, hail, snow and sleet, conditioned upon the temperate. As the precipitation falls, it enters the surface of the ground and percolates into the soil, which is called infiltration. The more porous the land is, the more the infiltration can take place. However, the ground cannot hold all of that water and floods. The excess rainfall, which is also called runoff that has not been absorbed makes its way into bodies of water, such as small ponds, rivers, lakes and parts of the ocean (“Summary”).
The term snow is usually restricted to material that fall during precipitation in the form of small white ice crystals formed directly from the water vapour of the air at a temperature of less than 0°C and has not changed much since it fell. A fall of snow on a glacier surface is the first step in the formation of glacier ice, a process that is often long and complex (Cuffey and Paterson, 2010). The transformation of snow to ice occurs in the top layers of the glaciers and the time of the transformation depends mostly on the temperature. Snow develops into ice much more rapidly on Temperate glaciers, where periods of melting alternate with periods when wet snow refreezes, than in Polar glaciers, where the temperature remains well below the freezing point throughout the year. The density of new snow as it falls on glacier surface depends mostly on the weather conditions. In clam conditions, the density of new snow is ρs ≈ 50 – 70 kg m-3 (Table 1.1). If it is windy, there is breaking of the corners of snowflakes, and the density is more like ρs ≈ 100 kg m-3. After the snow has fallen on the surface, there are three processes that are all active together and work to transform the snow to ice.
This hypothesis was supported by the data found because 2 out of the 3 trials done, tap water evaporated the most over the 5 day period. For the first trial, saltwater lost 96 grams, stream water lost 98 grams, and tap water lost 100 grams. For the second trial, saltwater lost 67 grams, stream water lost 70 grams, and tap water lost 69 grams. For the third and final trial, saltwater lost 71 grams, stream water lost 72 grams, and tap water
Why did the French monarchy collapse in 1792? In order to begin to answer this question, it is necessary to first return to the Estates General of 1789. Although the body had not been convened since 1641, over 150 years prior, Louis XVI was not prepared to allow for any significant change in procedure; in November of 1788, the king had granted double representation for the Third Estate but also upheld voting by orders. Under such a system, the first and second estates had the happy fortune to be always in the majority, as most of the upper echelons of the Catholic Church were made up of nobles.
Imagine yourself buried in soft, warm, and cozy blankets while watching your best-loved T.V. show. Do you ever wonder of the snowflakes outside in the blizzard feeling wind? You should learn about snowflakes formation, conditions, and myths. To start with, there is a lot to a snowflakes formation, first, the snowflake must form by a dust or pollen particle coming in contact with water vapor in Earth's high atmosphere. Then, the water vapor coats the particle and freezes, and transforms it into a tiny piece of ice called the "seed."
Cool air can't hold as much water vapor as warm air, so some of the vapor condenses onto tiny pieces of dust that are floating in the air and forms a tiny droplet around each dust particle.
According to "www.weather.gov," snowflakes are frozen water called ice crystals. These ice crystals are formed from water vapor floating in the air. This water vapor that is frozen floats into clouds. The humidity is what changes what they look like. Different levels of humidity changes the multiple sides a snowflake has and what shape the snowflake is. Told you snowflakes were made in a unique way.
Once upon a time high above the earth, fluffy white clouds drifted through the atmosphere. In the clouds lived a family Droplet of water, round and content with life. For as long as I could remember, I spent my days lying on my back, relaxing and soaking up the sun's warm rays. One day, I took my usual place in the sun but the light didn't seem to be as bright. In fact, as the day went on, it grew darker and darker, loud claps of thunder shook the cloud, and the Droplet felt as if he were getting so heavy he could hardly move. This is called precipitation.
When snowflakes fall to the ground, the delicate points on the snow crystals break, and the rounded grains mass together. When someone walks on the snow or makes a snowball, the pressure crushes and partially melts the snow so it becomes hard and icy. On a small scale, that represents what takes place on a much larger scale when ice fields are formed.
Air is composed of molecules. Air is matter. It has mass and takes up space. Air is composed of different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. Air molecules are in constant motion. As they move, they come in contact with surfaces. Air molecules push and press on the surfaces they contact. The amount of force per unit area that air molecules exert on a surface is called air pressure. (What is Air Pressure 6) Air pressure is caused by all of the air molecules in the Earth's atmosphere pressing down on the Earth's surfaces. We can measure air pressure to help us predict weather conditions around the world. Temperature also affects air pressure because air contracts when it cools and expands when it is heated. So if air above a region of Earth cools, it does not extend to as high an altitude as the surrounding air. In this case, its pressure at higher temperature is lower than in the surroundings even when the pressure at the surface is the same as in surrounding areas. Then air flows into the cooler region at high altitude, making the total weight of air above the region greater than in the surroundings. This is a "high". The cool air descends to the earth's surface. Near the surface, the falling air spreads out,
The atmosphere is an open system that consists of a gaseous mixture enveloping a planet (Answers.com). These gasses, known as air, include O2, N2 and H2O. The atmosphere is also composed of water, ice and dust particles. Atmosphere functions like a blanket, keeping Earth's heat from escaping into space (Lenkeit). It has also been compared to a greenhouse: like glass it lets short wave insulation inside, but keeps most of long wave ground radiation from going out (Lenkeit).
in), but high humidity results in fog and dew. In the north deeep canyons have
Rain forms when water vapor condenses and falls, the more it condenses the more it falls. Some raindrops are not pure and are filled with other materials, this is known as acid rain. Acid rain is a huge problem all over the world. Acid rain is mixture of chemicals, like fossil fuels and the atmosphere, it then comes down as rain, snow, hail, and sleet. The burning of fossil fuels is the main cause of acid rain. When oil and coal are burned they create sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, and nitrogen dioxide. (" Acid Rain | US EPA") The mixture of all the chemicals and heavy winds blow the compounds across many borders.
The amount of water that is on earth at any one time remains fairly constant because the water is moving form one reservoir into another such as river to ocean or ocean to atmosphere. This cycle involves the exchange of energy causes a change in temperature. This is why when evaporation occurs, it takes energy from its surroundings and cools the environment. While condensation occurs energy is released and the surrounding environment becomes warmer. The atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gasses that surround the earth. The atmosphere is made up of five layers known as the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the earth’s atmosphere; it is also where all weather on earth takes place. The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, right above the troposphere. Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere and above that is the troposphere. The uppermost region of earth’s atmosphere is the exosphere. The air in the exosphere is extremely thin and almost the same as space. One of the many reasons the earths atmosphere is important is because it blocks
the earth will cause the oceans to become warmer. When they heat up, more water is evaporated,