Comparing Intergovernmental and Supranational
The European Union of today has been described as an intergovernmental organization by some scholars and a supranational organization by others. But which one is it in reality? The answer to this question is very trivial. There are many different aspects of the EU in which we first must look at. The different branches of the European Union contain these aspects. These branches include the Commission, the Parliament, the Councils and the European Court of Justice.
An Intergovernmental organization is one where the member states cooperate without giving up the ultimate right to make their own decisions. A Supra-national organization is one where the ultimate right to make decisions lie with the common institutions and national governments only have the right to maneuver within the framework of policy decided at the collective level (Gallagher 125).
The enforcement of European Union decisions in each member state reflects the status of the polity of the EU. At the moment none of the member states of the EU enforce all of the decisions made by EU legislation. If the member state does decide to implement the decisions they may sometimes do it in a timely manner. This scenario implies that the European Union is somewhat of an Intergovernmental organization. The European Union can only fully become a supra-national organization if all of the member states let their guard down and agree to comply with all decisions and policies of the European Union. Martin Shapiro wrote, "Implementation, as we all know, is in the hands of the administrations of Member States… Everyone knows it would be a miracle if all Member State administrations were implementing most EU regulations, let alo...
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...it being a Supra-national or an intergovernmental organization is: it is a little bit of both. Changes in the different branches of the European Union will head it in the direction of becoming a Supra-national entity. These changes may include strengthening the European Court of Justice and generating more capital. The ultimate goal must be to dispel the fear the Member States have of losing their sovereignty and creating a strong sense of European nationalism.
Bibliography:
WORKS CITED
1. Gallagher, Michael et al., Representative Government In Modern Europe 3rd Ed.
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3. Wood, David. Power and Policy in Western European Democracies New York.
Macmillan 1991.
There are a number of methods EU legislation is formed for instance regulations, directives and decisions are three different types of EU legislation. I am going to briefly explain these three as the way they will be enforced are different.
For this reason, the Commission is referred as the “guardian of the Treaties” or “watchdog” of the EU. Moreover, the decisions made by the Parliament and the Council must be made on the basis of the proposals given by the Commission.
For its part, the Commission enjoys a powerful role but is widel... ... middle of paper ... ... s no elected head of state to give democratically controlled direction to the EU and concerns gain plausibility from the open role played by non-elected officials in Brussels, and the geographical and cultural distance between those regulators and the average European ‘person in the street’. The recent enlargement has at least altered the democratic legitimacy in a positive way. Each country has only one commissioner now and it is further on its way towards a constitution and a fairer weighted vote.
Peterson, J. and Shackleton, M. 2002. The institutions of the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
The EU shares sovereignty with its member states just like a federal system would .At the same time its member states retain much of their traditional autonomy and are still viewed as nation states as confederation would. Thus the EU may be described as a multi-level governance supranational organization that resists strict classification as either a confederation or a federation but it has both confederal and federal character .
Which EU institution is the most powerful? The European Union (EU) is currently made up of 25 countries, known as Member States, which together form the largest voluntary and peaceful block of countries in the world. Many people mistakenly view the European Union as a single body whilst in fact; the EU consists of a number of different institutions that together carry out activities on behalf of the Member States. There are many institutions but the main five being the Commission, the Council of Ministers (also called the Council of the European Union), the European Council and the European Parliament and the European Court of Justice. In this essay I am going to focus on these institutions and discuss which is to be considered more powerful.
The United Nations and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization are two different groups, but they affect the world in the same way. They both want to make a difference in today's world, they strive for peace and prosperity, and they work hard to accomplish their goals.
According to my notes, Intergovernmental system is cooperation that the rules that are adopted only bind the States. The more advance a society became, the more advance the government become, it is also a foreign concept of communist in an undeveloped, or an underdeveloped country. The local communities have no real authority and cannot compete with the government subunits. Intergovernmental relation is the structure in which different levels of government reform responsibilities and functions, which are shared among the various level of government. This also include how
Cerutti, F and Lucarelli, S: The Search for a European Identity: Values, Policies and Legitmacy of the European Union, (2008) Routledge
Pech, l. (2011), ‘The Institutional Development of the EU post-Lisbon: A case of plus a change…?’, available at: http://www.ucd.ie/t4cms/11-5%20Pech.pdf
The basis for county, city and special district governing and authority are laid out in the State Constitution and Government Code. Counties in California are responsible for providing limited services to unincorporated areas. The state Legislature created the Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) in 1963 to control local government fragmentation. The Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) gives counties the power to tax, create special districts and annex unincorporated land to cities in the county (League of Women Voters, 1992).
Outside if politics, there are also groups called NGOs: (Non-governmental Organizations) that are not run by state or local governments that operate as nonprofits organizations; these groups have created a web of global development networks in response to governmental decision making dominated by the core (e.g., WTO, IMF, World Bank). A main point of NGOs is to have undeveloped and developing countries participate. Unfortunately, this is sometimes seen as counter-hegemonic, which is where nations dominate other nations, both economically and politically.
“After the Berlin Wall came down I visited that city and I will never forget it. The abandoned checkpoints. The sense of excitement about the future. The knowledge that a great continent was coming together. Healing those wounds of our history is the central story of the European Union.” This quote from David Cameron (current Prime Minister of the United Kingdom) summarizes the excitement and potential of unifying Europe. The creation of the European Union (EU) has done just that. The European Union has made some 28 countries, small and large, slash their borders and come together in making a unified Europe. Although the idea of the European Union sounds appealing; has the EU been a success as an international organization? I believe that
According to the Commission on Global Governance (1995), global governance refers to “the sum of the many ways individuals and institutions, public and private, manage their common affairs. It is the continuing process through which conflict or diverse interests may be accommodated and cooperative action may be taken”. Some main actors involved in the process of global governance include states, international organizations (IOs), regional organizations (ROs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Global governance implements in various issue areas including security, economic deelopment, environmental protection and so on. Different states and organizations have different or even conflicting interests. Yet as globalisation continues and the world becomes more inter-connected than ever before, global governance or cooperation among different actors is increasingly taking a more significant role in the international stage. Some critics view global governance quite negatively as they believe that the current system lacks efficiency and effectiveness. In this paper, however, I shall argue that global governance is carried out more effectively in maintenance of world security and promotion of economic development while less effectively in environmental protection and preservation. Thus, despite limitations of the existing mechanism, global governance is still largely a postive development in world affairs.
In answering the question which is more applicable to the EU situation we must look first at the challenges that need to be overcome, as the EU transitions from its position now into a complete government. The most difficult part of forming a true European Federation is convincing its increasingly Eurosceptic population that there can be a Pan-European government in which member states will still be able to preserve their national identity and remain in control of areas of politics that can also be handled at state