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Alcoholism in Grace and Dubliners
What does it mean to be in a state of drunkenness? A person who is inebriated views his surroundings in a surreal fashion; reality exists on the periphery. The drunk is by default interacting with the world on an inferior level as opposed to those who are sober. Alcoholism is also a chronic debilitating disease. It resonates outward from the individual to all those that he has contact within his life. Joyce utilizes the character of the drunk in many of the stories in Dubliners, hardly a story skips a mention of drink. Among despair, isolation and dependence, alcoholism is a theme that runs through all the stories. Alcoholism is the focus in "Grace" where Joyce takes the symbolic alcoholic and shows us what Joyce believes is a part of the problem plaguing Dublin.
When we first meet Tom Kernan, we are not even told his name. Kernan is an anonymous being-a drunk that is not differentiated from any other drunk. In his alcohol-induced state he is barely human. "He lay curled up at the foot of the stairs down which he had fallen...his clothes were smeared with the filth and ooze of the floor on which he had lain...a thin stream of blood trickled from the corner of his mouth" (Joyce 150). Kernan has quite literally fallen but also has fallen morally and spiritually. The crowd that surrounds him fairs better only in comparison to him. Instead of seeking immediate help, they all query as to what is his name. Who he is, is obvious, he is a drunk. Yet there is an unwillingness to address this by the crowd. The reason why he is lying on the floor is present but not acknowledged.
Is this evasion part of the essence that makes up the people of Dublin? Surely it is for repeatedly the reader is shown or referenced alcohol but direct acknowledgment does not come. "'That's ugly'" (Joyce 153) we are told by Mr. Powers who has just been shown Kernan's bitten tongue. What exactly though is ugly? Solely the bitten tongue or the defeated man or the inhabitants of Dublin? Perhaps it is all of them.
Kernan's physical maladies are demonstrative of his mental affliction. At first he has fallen, then his anonymousness persists because he cannot speak. He cannot speak at first because of the level of intoxication but also as we learn because of his bitten tongue.
Alcoholism. A disease that not only affects one person, but others around them. Alcoholism is defined as a chronic disorder characterized on the dependence of alcohol all the time. In The Glass Castle, alcoholism affects many characters, but the one it truly affects is Rex Walls.
It is a fact of life that Alcoholism will distort the victim’s view of reality. With authors, they put parts of their personality and symptoms of their condition into their characters sometimes, flawed distortions included, with varying degrees
It is not common that when one thinks of the history of the world that the thought of beer, wine, spirits, tea, coffee, or even Coca-Cola comes to mind. Matter of fact, the thought of a beverage having an impact in history may be the very last thing that comes to mind. But according to Tom Standage in his book A History of the World in 6 Glasses, he argues that these six drinks have had an all-round influence in the history of the world. It is hard to imagine that the drinks we know of today, were the foundation and building blocks of the history that has been engraved in us. As to which beverage has had a greater impact in history, it is a matter of the extent to which each particular drink has contributed to influencing, not just people, but the course of history. Not diminishing the impact of the other beverages, but coffee has had a greater impact in history over tea and the other drinks.
When one drinks alcohol it seems as if their problems just disappear but really they are just deceiving themself by believing that they are gone. The speaker in the poems says this is "because they grow cloudy behind the glass."
Humans today drink alcoholic beverages to have a decent time and get an intoxication effect, but this has not always been the case for earlier humans. Not every culture viewed drunkenness the same way. “Most reference to drunkenness in Mesopotamian literature are playful and humorous” (Standage 27). It all started with the myth of Edkidu. Edkidu was a man found in the wilderness by a young girl. They gave him food and beer as the custom of a shepherds’ village. With the shortage of familiarity he drank seven jugs of beer witch made him very friendly and turned him into a human. “The Mesopotamians regards the consumption of bread and beer as one of the things that distinguished them from savages and made them fully human” (Standage 27). On the other hand Egypt did not approve drunkenness they expressed it in texts copied by people in Egypt. “Take not upon thy self to drink a jug of beer. Thou speakest, and an unintelligible utterance...
This article presents an explanation of how the beer has led to the human civilization. The author starts off by addressing that humans were restricted socially. Lifesaving social instincts such as artistic expressions, romance, and inventiveness didn’t lend themselves to the development of human civilization. The author goes on to describe that, the only thing that freed up the rigid social codes that restricted people was the invention of beer. The author notes that this accidental discovery is unknown but it was discovered 10,000 years ago. The author explains the current theory that most people believe that many people stored
Throughout the study of how beer changed civilization, I have come to realized the way “A History Of The World In 6 Glasses” explains the founding of beer and the positive impact it has left on the beginnings of civilization very accurately. Beer truly has impacted civilization due to the many positive opportunities beer has led society to. The alcoholic beverage surprisingly was the reason mathematics was invented. The farmers would have to calculate who’s crop land was who’s, so the required measuring and diving up land. It is hard to believe that a very common beverage that is served at every restaurant basically led to the invention of mathematics. Now a days mathematics is used on a day to day basis for almost every human being. After extensive research it is safe to say the the founding
Anderson, James H. “International Terrorism and Crime: Trends and Linkages.” James Madison University. http://www.jmu.edu/orgs/wrni/it.htm (8 Mar. 2002).
Alcoholism has been a fixture in our society since the first introduction of alcohol. Despite it being an equal opportunity disease, a large majority of not only the treatment, but also the research, has been about men. This lack of consideration of the different needs for men and women has led to many women going through recovery systems that do not address their experiences, and therefore do not allow them to take full advantage of that recovery system. This paper will attempt to look at the different experiences that men and women have in their journey through a substance addiction (particularly alcohol), from addiction through recovery. The main recovery method that will be discussed here is Alcoholics Anonymous. As an observation addition to this assignment, I sat in on an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting in Kerrville, TX. The meeting was on Thanksgiving Day at noon. I took detailed notes of the meeting, while keeping a watchful eye for any gendered interactions during the flow of the meeting.
Most people point to wars, Presidents or the economy when asked to describe the history of the United States, but what about alcohol. Social history in general has always taken a back seat to political and economic history, mostly because many aspects of social history are not exactly bright spots from the past. Alcohol, for example, is actually a much bigger aspect of our history than one may expect. As a matter of fact, early America was centered around drinking as a kind of social event. William Rorabaugh’s book Alcoholic Republic outlines how prevalent drinking really was during the years after the Revolutionary War. Rorabaugh argues that post-colonial Americans should be considered alcoholics. However, the evidence Rorabaugh uses
The best thing about Wikipedia is that it concisely provides topic wise systematic information on every topic for ‘short and quick reference’ of the summary on our search topic, a distinguishable and easy to note introduction. We also credit it for providing information in a very systematic and orderly manner and is quite too detailed in providing information and pictures on an article. Wikipedia is a good source for starting with basic information as it gives a summary in the beginning that almost gives the reader an approximate knowledge of what he is reading.
Throughout Dubliners James Joyce deliberately effaces the traditional markers of the short story: causality, closure, etc. In doing so, "the novel continually offers up texts which mark their own complexity by highlighting the very thing which traditional realism seeks to conceal: the artifice and insufficiency inherent in a writer's attempt to represent reality.(Seidel 31)" By refusing to take a reductive approach towards the world(s) he presents on the page - to offer up "meaning" or "ending" - Joyce moves the reader into complex and unsettling epistemological and ontological realms. Meaning is no longer unitary and prescriptive, the author will not reveal (read impose) what the story "means" at its close and therefore we can't definitively "know" anything about it. Instead, meaning, like modernism, engenders its own multiplicity in Joyce's works, diffuses into something necessarily plural: meanings. An ontological crisis is inextricable from this crisis of meaning and representation. In Joyce's stories the reader is displaced from her/his traditionally passive role as receptor of the knowledge an author seeks to impart, and "positioned as both reader and writer of text, in some ways playing as integral a part in constructing the work as the author does.(Benstock 17)"
Joyce sends this message through his main character in the story which is Eveline. Eveline is an individual stuck in the boring routine of life, but is given the opportunity to take a chance and possibly make a better life for herself by leaving Dublin and going to Buenos Ayres with a man who she loves named Frank. However, in the end, Eveline chooses to not take the opportunity given to her and instead decides to continue with the monotonous routine of her life in Dublin. Many authors of short stories allow the reader to make their own judgments of characters. However, Joyce decides to show his frustration with Eveline at the end of the story and judges her harshly. In fact, Joyce goes as far as to call Eveline a “helpless animal.”
Contrary to popular beliefs, civil activism and civil society has managed to thrive in the Middle East. Social movements on a variety of topics have occurred despite the lack of democracy and democratic institutions in certain countries. One popular movement was the Arab Ba’ath Movement which eventually led to the formation of the Baath Party. By analyzing the movement’s history, ideological stance, goals, the actors, dissenters, and international aspect, one can determine how and why the movement flourished in Syria.
“Hamas has an annual budget of $70 million, according to the Council on Foreign Relations” (Jones). Even after the vast number of sanctions leveled on them by the U.S. and other nations, they remain a very dangerous organization. Iran itself is a big backer if Hamas. According to Jewishvirtuallibrary.org, “[Iran is] the largest backer financially and militarily of the organization’s military wing.” Relations are described between the two counties as “strong and warm” (Jewishvirtuallibrary.org). “The group also raises funds in the Gulf countries and receives donations from Palestinian expatriates around the world” (Pike). Hamas hit a major bump in the road with Iran when they did not support the Assad regime in the Syrian civil war. Iran froze their funds that were directed towards Hamas. However, now Iran is starting to send money and supplies back their way again. Hamas also receives a lot of help from Syria. Pike said, “The Syrian Government enables the Hamas leadership . . . to conduct their various activities on its soil, including the formulation of the Hamas operational strategy, the training of terrorist operatives, the funding of terrorist activity against Israel and assistance in the purchase of arms and ammunition. through its charities.” In the long run Hamas is not going away any time soon. Hamas will remain a threat to Israel if they still even exist in any shape or form. Israel and Hamas continue to hold their