Physical, Cognitive, and Psychosocial Development From the very beginning of our life, from conception until death we grow in many ways. We grow physically, cognitively, and socially but which of these is more important? Physical development, cognitive development, or psychosocial development they are all intertwined and are based upon each other. An issue with physical development can cause serious detrimental effects on both cognitive development and psychosocial development. For example; a child who is born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome will not only have physical malformations but also cognitive delays and this in turn can lead to psychosocial delays. Physical development is the most important for the first few years of life as well as cognitive …show more content…
Fertilization occurs when the sperm from the male and the ovum from the female combine to create a zygote. The zygote will then go through a gestational period which consists of three different stages. The first stage is the germinal stage and it starts from conception and ends at two weeks, during this stage the zygote divides and becomes much more complex and then implants into the uterine wall where it will then go on to the second stage. The second stage is the embryonic stage, this stage starts at two weeks and ends at eight weeks. During the embryonic stage the zygote has become an embryo and the organs and major body systems form and develop very rapidly. This is one of the most critical periods for physical development, the embryo is very sensitive to many different types of influences. The third and final stage of the gestational period is the fetal stage, this stage starts at eight weeks and ends at birth. During this stage the fetus grows approximately twenty times its previous length and the organs and body systems continue to develop becoming more complex and becomes ready for survival outside of the womb. Children grow the fastest during the first three years of their life, and they will never grow this rapidly again. As the child grows the child will go through various stages of physical development such as puberty and sexual maturity. After the first few …show more content…
Cognitive development refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains understanding of their world. The areas of cognitive development consist of information processing, intelligence, reasoning, language development, and memory. Infants are born with the ability to learn by sight, taste, sound, and touch and will explore their world with these newfound abilities. This lays the major foundation for cognitive development, if the infant is unable to learn with these senses there can be delays in the learning. Sometime the delays can be caused by physical abnormalities such as blindness, deafness, being mute, or even being born without limbs. Children learn in various ways and do not have to rely on these senses per say but because theses senses play a very large role in the development of cognitive abilities, there can be small delays or even very large delays that can cause issues throughout the entire life span. There are milestones in which to look out for during cognitive development generally by four months the child should be able to explore objects with their fingers, hands, and toes, recognize the bottle or breast, turn head toward bright colors and lights, smile responsively, and should be able to recognize parents. By about eight months the child should then be able to uncover hidden toys,
Social and environmental variables affect cognitive development. Cognitive development focuses on the person’s ability to intellectually, perceive and process information. (35589) defined the cognitive ability as the process in which people learn, think and use language; it is the progression of their mental capacity from being irrational to rational (35589). Piaget and Vygotsky are two cognitive theorists who are interested in the cognitive development of a person across their life span and its relation with social and environmental factors. Piaget is the most known cognitive theorist who affected the world of psychology greatly, and was a great influence to many psychologists out there; however his main intention was the innate maturity process and, unlike Vygotsky, he underestimated the role of language and social interaction and his theory wasn’t useful in the teaching field.
A Comparison of Psychodynamic and Social Learning in Regards to the Development of Personality "No Works Cited"
During middle-to-late childhood, growth and development begins to slow down a bit. However, while the development may not be as rapid as it may have been in previous stages, it is more consistent and steady. The development that occurs during this stage begins to incorporate the skills learned in previous years, and the skills gained during this time are more applicable to real world situations. Cognitive development, intellectual development, and disabilities are key aspects to consider during this time.
At the beginning of this paper I mentioned that there are eight stages in the psychosocial development theory starting with trust vs. mistrust. This stage begins at birth to one year of age. This is when I should have formed a trust with my primary caregiver or caregivers. My dad was absent most of this stage, so my mother was my primary caregiver. Since she never taught me good behavior, right from wrong, and was uncaring when I was born, I did not feel safe or secure around her. I was told through family members that she was unable to hold me without me screaming all the time, and that the doctor said I suffered from anxiety at infancy because I could feel the tension of my mother’s stress, anger, and anxiety towards me. The beginning of me learning to mistrust, and feeling
Doherty, J & Hughes M. (2009). Cognitive and Social Development. In:Child Development Theory and Practice 0-11. England: Pearson Education Limited. p350-395.
Cognitive development refers to the development of human’s ability to conduct mental activities to think and use knowledge. Researchers and psychologists attach great importance to figure out how human’s cognition develops over time, especially during childhood and adolescence. The results and theories concluded in this area could make a great contribution to high quality education and the mental health of children and teenagers.
Serving as the first stage of life, the prenatal and natal phase is the most critical period in relation to ensuring a healthy, lifelong development in a child. During pregnancy, the placenta works to transfer oxygen and nutrients from
“If you think about the brain and the brain development if we don’t stimulate the brain then of course there is going to be lack of development.” (“Unruh”). Development is sempiternal in life, it moves through many stages into life such as learning to grasp a fork properly to grasping the thought of death. General development stages begin at birth and last till about age of 18, but the most important development stages start from birth and last till about six years of age. These early stages will affect how one will behave, interpret, and learn throughout the duration of one’s life. While bodily changes are rapidly occurring and the beginning of thought, opinion, and reason are just forming. It is important to understand as future parents or caregivers how and when their child, even if premature, is developing socially, cognitively, or physically.
Cognitive development is the growth in children's ways of thinking about and interacting with their environment. Young children initially learn about the world through active, physical exploration and then gradually develop the ability to think symbolically and logically about their experiences. Children are curious explorers, and their cognitive development involves learning new concepts and testing a variety of ideas.
Cognition is the ability to gain knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses. There are essentially four stages of cognitive development; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. The sensorimotor stage is from birth to around 2 years old and during this stage you know the world only by movements and sensations. The next stage, preoperational, happens between 2 and 7 and is when you start to think symbolically and use words and pictures for objects. The third stage, concrete operational, is from 7 to 11, and you begin to think logically. The final stage, formal operational, happens at the ages 12+. This stage you begin to reasonably think about hypothetical problems. This is how cognition normally develops, but there are certain ways that cognitive development can be affected.
Fetal development begins with the fertilization of an ovum; the female reproductive cell, capable of developing into a new organism upon fertilization, by a sperm; the male reproductive cell capable of fertilizing an ovum. Three stages follow fertilization: the zygote, the embryo, and the fetus (Whitney & Rolfes, 2016, p. 475).
Since the beginning of time, fathers have had a profound effect on their child’s development. Over the years, the norm for traditional family dynamics of having a father figure in the household has changed drastically, and so did the roles of the parents. It is not as common as it used to be to have a father or father figure in the home. In this day and age, women are more likely to raise children on their own and gain independence without the male assistance due to various reasons. The most significant learning experience and development of a person’s life takes place in their earlier years when they were children. There are many advantages when there is a mother and father combined in a
A child is considered an infant from the age of 2 to 12 months. From 12 months to 36 months this is considered the toddler years where the cognitive, emotional, and social development is great. The social emotional development occurs during early childhood where children experience different moods as well as expanding their social world by learning more about their emotions and other people. The social emotional development is a child's way of understanding the feelings of others, controlling their own feelings and behaviors and getting along with peers. The key to a successful emotional and social development are positive relationship with trusting and caring adults. The social and emotional development in infants and toddlers can have negative
I think that there is a connection between the cognitive shifts that children make between about five and seven of years of age. When I was 5-year old, I focused on situations like how things look or feel rather than logic. I had trouble focusing on deciding, and my perception of things was different at that age, I know that my cognitive development, while between the age of 5-7 adjustments in thinking and reasoning occur as a child slowly moved from preoperational thought to concrete operational thoughts. I always thought when I did things that everyone else was doing the same thing for example, like being driven to school by their mom each day, and it never hit me, until later in life, I learned that it wasn’t the case. Now, I’m working in a second-grade classroom as a substitute teacher and notice the same thing that I did between the ages of 5-7 a lot of students in the classroom are doing, such as thinking that everyone else is doing the same thing that they are doing. What makes me think this way is because when asking second grader questions they will answer as if everyone is doing it also. I think the second-grade students have developed certain aspects of conscious awareness of the existence of their memory
Evaluate your personality and identity development by incorporating three theorist’s views on personality traits whether it's for or against your identity and personality development.