WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 2 SCENARIO B
Fact Check
In the reading, it claims that theta waves are involved in the process of healing and that by controlling them, the healer can create energies that heal the body. However, theta waves are related to sleep and not healing. According to lecture taught by Huggon (2018), he explains that theta waves have no function in treating the body, but instead, these waves create hypnagogic imagery and hypnic kicks, which indicate the onset of sleep. Therefore, theta waves are part of stage one of the sleep cycle and not part of the healing process as the author claims.
Additionally, the author blames illness on beta waves and states that through theta wave healing, they will be able to reduce the rate of beta waves. However, Psychology: From inquiry to understanding by Lilienfeld-et-al (2017) states that beta waves are produced by the brain when a person is in a state of stress or alert, not when ill. As well, beta waves are quite common in the state of being awake, as the brain interchanges between alpha and beta waves (Lilienfeld-et-al, 2017). Thus, with beta waves being present regularly when awake, they are not harmful but, help people feel alert when needed.
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However, this is false, as the healers cannot control the frequency of theta waves. Instead, Huggon (2018) in lecture explains that the suprachiasmatic nucleus that is in the hypothalamus controls the rate of theta waves. The SCN induces sleep based on the circadian rhythm. Additionally, Huggon (2018) states that it is the hypothalamus that releases melatonin to induce sleep and starting stage one sleep. It is the efforts of the SCN, hypothalamus and the circadian cycle that all play a role in the frequency of theta waves, not an outside force (Huggon,
Therapeutic touch was developed by Dolores Krieger and Dora Kunz in the 1970s as a non-invasive nursing intervention (Kelly et al. 2004). Jackson and Keegan (2009, p.614) defined therapeutic touch as “a specific technique of centring intention used while the practitioner moves the hands through a recipient’s energy field for the purpose of assessing and treating energy field imbalance.” The original theory of the technique proposed by nursing theorist Rogers (1970) is that individuals as a unified whole have their own permeable energy fields that extend from the skin surface and flow evenly when they are healthy. The energy field of the ill physical body is disrupted, misaligned, obstructed or “out of tune” (Huff et al. 2006). TT has the potential to re-pattern, reorganize and restore the individual’s imbalanced energy fields through the open system extending from the surface of the body interacting with the environment constantly (Krieger, 1979). The earliest studies of healing touch were carried out in the 1950s and 1960s: biochemist Bernard Grad (1965) collaborated with famous healer Oskar Estebany to demonstrate the significantly accelerated healing effects of therapeutic touch on wounded mice and damaged barley seeds. The central aim of healing therapies is to relax and calm patients in order to activate patients’ natural healing ability, and it does not include any religious activity (Lorenc et al. 2010).
Christopher Benfey’s work The Great Wave is a narrative driven by a collection of accounts, stories and curious coincidences tying together The Gilded Age of New England in particular with interactions and connections to the Japan of old and new. In the context of The Great Wave, Benfey's own personal journey to Japan at the age of sixteen should be understood. Embarking on this voyage to learn traditional writing, language and Judo, his story can also be seen as a not only a historical continuation, but also a personal precursor to the vignettes he discovers and presents to the reader.
Both theories use communication as the backbone to their theories and in developing an environment conducive to promote healing. Although communication is the framework for both theories, types of communication is looked at different in each theory. In Watson’s theory, she that communication is a spiritual occurrence. The focus is on nonverbal as well as verbal expressions. She also involves personal experiences and growth, art, religious practices. Watson uses the concept of care as the center of nursing care. The goal of the Human Care Theory is for the patient and nurse to gain a higher degree of harmony within themselves, cultivating a wholeness of mind/body/spirit (Watson Caring Science Institute, 2010, p.
Although clock expression has been important to understand rhythm, the initial information from retinohypothalamic tract to core or ventro-lateral region of the SCN has been a prime focus of the recent studies. It is widely known that information from ventrolateral region of SCN communicates with other regions of the SCN. Buhr and Yoo (2010), show ventrolateral and dorsomedial neuronal connection exists and this connection has a role in circadian rythm. Their data shows that tetrodoxin can make SCN temperature incompensated due to inhibition of signal from core to shell regions. Similarly, vasoactive intestinal peptide and peptide histidine iso-leucine are expressed in SCN when light information travel from retinohypothalamic tract.
Throughout time, mankind has persistently been seeking ways to maintain their health and to cure those that had not been so fortunate in that task. Just about everything has been experimented with as a cure for some type of illness; whether physical, spiritual or mental. There has always been evidence of spiritual healing and it will continue to be an important part of any healing process, large or small.
Alternative medicines have constructed many theories to determine the impact of vitalism on the body. A few of the best-known theories are bioenergetic fields and the subsets of this category. This means that humans are surrounded by a field of energy, as proposed by Mesmer in his theories. These are called the human “aura” (Patterson,1998). Each organ in the body has an electromagnetic frequency, a factor used by alternative healers to direct their specific treatment modality. When illness occurs, it is because of a struggle between positive and negative electromagnetic waves inside the body (Stenger, 1999). Alternative practitioners claim “that they can affect cures for many ills by ‘manipulating’ this field, thereby bringing the body’s ‘live energies’ into balance” (Stenger, 1999).
Ross defines and differentiates between the terms healing and curing. She recognizes the fact that healing and curing are very intertwined and it can be hard to distinguish between the two terms. There are differences between the definitions in scholarly and general settings. She references an ethnographic study of healing versus curing conducted by anthropologists Andrew Strathern and Pamela Stewart in 1999 with native groups in New Guinea. The results of the study looked at how energy used by the different types of tribal healers to either cure or heal a patient. Eastern medicine focuses on how energy interacts with the healing process in connection within the mind. Whereas Western medicine is focused on the mind and the body separately. The practice is considered a holistic approach to finding cures. According to Ross (2013), healing is more a therapeutic process targeting the whole body and specific illness including emotional, mental, and social aspects in the treatment. The act of curing is a pragmatic approach that focuses on removing the problem all together. The life experiences of a person playing into how well certain treatments will heal or cure what is ailing them. These aspects can not be defined with textbook definitions. The interaction that the healing process has with energy is a variable in the success rate. Uncontrolled emotions can have a greater impact on the inside the body than a person can realize. The exploration of energy interaction within the body can be used for greater analysis of health care systems. (21-22). Are Western healthcare facilities purposely “curing” patients just so that they return are few years later? Is Western Medicine built upon a negative feedback loop? The terminolo...
Due to this down regulation, a subsequent decrease in cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine occurs, which contributes to suppressed immune functions. In contrast, growth hormone, prolactin, melatonin, and leptin levels increase. These molecules act as pro-inflammatory signals to activate the immune system, aid in proliferation, differentiation, and generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 and TNF-α4. At the beginning of slow-wave sleep (SWS), pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th1 cytokines increase, however there remains uncertainty as to why this occurs. One theory is that over the course of wakefulness, dangerous factors accumulate in the body, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), heat shock proteins (HSP), and nucleotides. These molecules are thought to be similar to microbial molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other toll-like receptor ligands that enhance the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines via antigen presenting cells (APCs). Additionally, immune cells have their own internal clocks that maintain periodic changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines4. In terms of specific cytokines, IL-1 and TNF-α have both been shown to increase NREM sleep in animal studies. It is therefore intuitive that through inactivation or interference with the normal action of these two cytokines, spontaneous NREM sleep is decreased. For instance, by preventing the activation of IL-1 by cleavage of its inactive form, NREM sleep is reduced3. It is also important to note that high levels of IL-1 inhibit sleep, which could be due to a feedback loop involving corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation by IL-1. In terms of immune regulation, IL-1 and TNF-α induce activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), a transcription factor that has been found to be associated with substances that regulate
Sleepiness, whether due to sleep apnea, heavy snoring, idiopathic hypersomnolence, narcolepsy or insomnia from any number of sleep-related disorders, threatens millions of Americans' health and economic security (1). Perhaps somewhat most concerning of these disorders are those that allow sleep without having any control over when it happens-idiopathic hypersomnolence and narcolepsy. The two are closely related in that both cause individuals to fall asleep without such control, yet narcolepsy occurs without any dreaming during naps (2). For years, narcoleptic people have been falling asleep in corners, concerned, as they have given numerous attempts to try to stay focused and awake. But besides the excessive fatigue that people experience, there surely must be more that can be associated with causing such sleepiness among people at an uncontrolled level. There might especially not be a reason involving the I-function of the brain, as people are not aware of when necessarily they will fall into their deep sleep.
Sleep deprivation in hospitalized patients can result in increased morbidity and mortality, and can lower their quality of life. Hospitalized patients require more than the average amount of sleep to aid in recovery, but often get an inadequate amount of sleep or experience poor quality sleep. There are increased frequencies of awakening or being awakened too early in the morning, difficulty falling asleep, an increased need for sleep medications, poor sleep quality, an increase in frequency of napping and nightmares. Sleep-wake cycles contribute to adequate protein synthesis and cellular division that is crucial to sustaining the healing process and maintaining immunity. Sleep deprivation changes normal circadian cycles, resu...
Over the course of Japanese history, arguably, no artist is more famous for their works than Katsushika Hokusai. During his 88 years of life, he produced over 30,000 pieces of artwork, and heavily influenced Western styles of art. His most famous piece was created around 1831, a Japanese styled piece titled, The Great Wave off Kanagawa. This piece has stood as a defining piece of artwork in the Japanese culture for over 180 years, analyzed by students and authors for the interpretations filling the paper. The relationship between Hokusai’s painting has directly affected the Western point of view of Japanese style. The English author, Herbert Read’s novel interprets the painting distinctly differently from a Japanese point, American poet,
A restorative theory claims that sleep is used to repair the body including the brain. Oswald suggests that slow wave sleep is when body repair occurs and REM sleep is when the brain is repaired. This is supported by the fact that there is an increase in the secretion of growth hormones during SWS. This could also explain why brain activity levels are high during REM sleep, and similar to when awake.
Sleeping is something that is an essential part of human nature and is a must in order for one to be a functional human being. Sleep is an idea that is accompanied by many wives’ tales, including the idea that one needs seven to eight hours of sleep each night and alcohol helps one fall asleep and sleep more soundly. One myth about sleep is that during sleep, one is in a state of nothingness. In truth, however, it has been discovered that during sleep the brain is active, variations in heartbeat and breathing occur, and the eyes and ears are active throughout the time of sleep. These activities during a person’s sleep are important because they help that person be more aware, awake, and alert during sleep.
Americans believe that after ‘N Sync, boy bands were dead and then brought back by One Direction. Although One Direction is a British group, American has accepted them as the return of boy bands. That can be proven wrong by looking over at South Korea. While ‘N Sync lasted seven years a Korean boy band, Shinhwa, has been together for sixteen years and is still ongoing, meaning that One Direction was not the return of boy bands, but have just been added to the list. Kpop has been alive for very long and has found its way into peoples’ hearts. The fame that follows Kpop has introduced people into the Korean culture and has influence other parts of the world. Although KPop is a very important factor in the spread of Korean culture many people do not know what Kpop is, therefore the question would be what is Kpop and who are the biggest Kpop stars?
Faith healing is predicated on the belief that certain places or individuals have the power to cure and heal. Meaning, something or someone can cure a disease or heal an injury by means of his / its connection to a Higher Power. Faith healing may involve prayer, a visit to a house of prayer or shrine, or just a strong belief in a Supreme Being.