The case study that I have selected is in regards to bunions. Throughout this I plan to explain what they are, what induces them to form, symptoms, and the treatment options. Bunions can be found in all populations, with a higher chance in females than males due to the type of shoes they wear.
My patient was a twenty-two year old female and she suffers from bunions on both of her feet. Only the left foot was treated, because the severity level was higher. After her diagnosis, she was taken to surgery and had the first metatarsal operated on. Type of surgery that was performed is called a bunionectomy. This surgery requires a small piece of bone to be removed and repositioned by a piece of hardware (UPMC, 2014). My patient had a screw inserted from the lateral border of her first metatarsal. After the surgery, she came to x-ray to get post operation images. The order called for a left foot series, which includes the anterior posterior (AP), oblique, and lateral views. After the surgery she had a cast on, which meant techniques were increased on each view accordingly. The AP view was done with the tube angled about ten degrees cephalic with a technique set at 65 kVp and 3.2 mAs. Next the oblique was done by rolling her foot medially about thirty degrees with no angle on and using the same technique as the AP. After she was placed in a lateral position and increasing the mAs to 4.
Bunions are a foot deformity called hallux valgus; which is Latin for the great toe turning outwards (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, 2012). This deformity causes the great toe to press against the second metatarsal and forces the toe to intertwine. This movement prevents the bone to grow straight. As this movement ...
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Works Cited
American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. (2004). Retrieved April 21, 2014, from Bunions: http://www.drnickcampi.com/Akron_Podiatrist/Akron_Podiatrist_Patient_Handouts_files/Bunions.pdf
American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society. (2012, September). Bunion Surgery. (AAOS) Retrieved April 20, 2014, from Orthoinfo: http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00140
Ioli, D. J. (2011, June). Harvard Health Publications. Retrieved April 20, 2014, from What to do about bunions: http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletters/Harvard_Womens_Health_Watch/2011/June/what-to-do-about-bunions
UPMC. (2014). UPMC. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from Bunionectomy: Removal of Bunions: http://www.upmc.com/patients-visitors/education/orthopaedics/pages/bunionectomy-removal-of-bunions.aspx
Murray H, Husk L. (2001) Effect of kinesio taping on proprioception in the ankle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 31; A-37.
The knee joint is formed by the articulation of the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia. The fibula is only involved to the extent that it serves as an attachment site for connective tissue. In this paper, the anatomy of the joint will be discussed.
This article is about the results of a survey conducted by three PhD’s; Janet Simon, Matthew Donahue, and Carrie Docherty, and was published by the International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training. The purpose of the survey was to determine Athletic Trainers current utilization of ankle support, and to determine ATs current attitudes towards the use of ankle taping and bracing. It gives some history and benefits of ankle bracing and taping, and how it has become a multimillion dollar industry, considering that 66-73% of all college athletes have reported an ankle sprain. Also, a third of people with ankle sprains will either re-sprain the ankle or report feelings of instability after the initial sprain. Ankle taping has become essential part of sports medicine,
In order to begin this lab procedure, the class was first split into lab groups of four. A meter measuring tape was then obtained from the lab materials. One member of the lab group sat on the edge of the table and the other members took turns measuring the circumference in centimeters at the widest part of the calf. The measure was taken by each lab member and recorded in a table. This step was repeated for each lab member. After obtaining the circumference of each group members’ calf, a caliper was used to take the skin-fold thickness on the inside of the lab member’s calf and this measurement was also recorded in a table. Again, this step was repeated for each lab member. The average of the leg circumference and of the caliper measurement was then averaged and recorded in the table. Then the adjusted mean was found by subtracting the average found for the caliper measurements from the average of leg circumference. Data for each lab group was then recorded on the board in separate tables for male and female measurements. This data was...
Plantar fasciitis is caused from muscles and ligaments that alter the calcaneous (the big bone on hill of foot) (Daniels and Morrell 2012). The alteration of these muscles and ligaments will inflict pain and discomfort on the patient, and if not treated will cause failure of ligaments, bones, and muscles. The patient was tested with a simple squat technique that showed his heels were coming off the ground (Daniels and M...
Osteonecrosis has become a subject of interest amongst orthopaedic surgeons predominantly during the last four to five decades.
Cellulitis in Adults: Condition, Treatment and Pictures - Overview | skinsight. (n.d.). Cellulitis in Adults: Condition, Treatment and Pictures - Overview | skinsight. Retrieved January 1, 2012, from http://www.skinsight.com/adult/cellulitis-Print.htm
Clubfoot is a common congenital deformity of one or both feet. Clubfoot can sometimes be identified during fetal ultrasound or by visual inspection at birth. Physiotherapist Kelly Gray and Doctor Paul Gibbons describe clubfoot (Australian Family Practice (AFP), 2012) as “a deformity characterized by structural equinus (pointing down), adductus (turning in), varus (twisting, such that the heel is pointing in or upward), and cavus (high arch)” (p. 299). Skeletal abnormalities of clubfoot can include small calcaneus, navicular, and talus bones and a misshapen subtalar joint (Clubfoot, 2011). According to the Mayo Clinic (2013) the calf muscle of the affected leg is usually smaller than the non-affected leg, and the affected foot can be ½ inch shorter than the non-affected foot.
"Chapter 37." Operative Techniques in Orthopaedic Surgery. Ed. Sam Wiesel. 4th ed. Vol. 2. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011. eBook.
Consult specialist sites, including the American Medical Association, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, and local
Clubfoot is defined as a congenital foot deformity characterized by a kidney shaped foot that turns inward and points down. The forefoot is curved inward, the heel is bent inward, and the ankle is fixed in planter flexion with the toes pointing down. Shortened tendons on the inside of the lower leg, together with abnormally shaped bones that restrict movement outwards cause the foot to turn inwards. A tightened achilles tendon causes the foot to point downwards. The medical term for clubfoot is talipes equinovarus . It is the most common congenital disorder of the lower extremity. There are several variations, but talipes equinovarus being the most common. Clubfeet occurs in approximately 1 in every 800-1000 babies, being twice as common in boys than girls. One or both feet may be affected.
1. Outline the causes, incidence and risk factors of the identified disease and how it can impact on the patient and family (450 words)
Studies have shown taping an ankle can limit range of motion if done correctly.1, 5 Another study done by Reut...
The human foot is an incredibly complex part of the body, it is made up of twenty-six bones which is fully twenty-five percent of the bones in the entire body. The structure of the forefoot includes the five metatarsal bones and the phalanges. The metatarsal bones are for forward movement and provides attachment for several tendons. The phalanges, also known as the toes, movement take place in the joints. The foot movement only has two movements; inversion and eversion. All the joints in the hindfoot and midfoot contributes to these complex movements. The foot has two significant functions: weight bearing and impulsion, which both requires a high degree of stability. The foot must also be flexible so it is able to adapt to uneven surfaces. The various bones and joints of the foot are what allows the foot to be flexible. In order for the foot to be able to support any weight the various of bones must form an arch. The foot has three arches that are maintain by the shape of the bones and by the ligaments. The arches are supported by the muscles and tendons. A foot is a strong, flexible, and durable it allows us to daily activities as we please while carrying all the
Paulshock, MD, Bernadine Z.. "Chinese Footbinding". Journal of the American Medical Association. August 12, 1992.