Cognate Strategies
Cognate strategies are a way of framing, expressing, and representing a message to an audience. Subsequently the 9 cognate strategies can be categorized by Aristotle’s 3 rhetorical elements which define the art of presenting an argument. Aristotle’s 3 rhetorical elements are defined as Logos, Ethos, and Pathos.(Saylor Academy, 2012).
Logos pertains to logic and comprises three cognate strategies that are defined as the following:
• clarity;
• conciseness; and
• arrangement.
Ethos pertains to ethics and credibility and comprises three cognate strategies that are defined as the following:
• credibility;
• expectation; and
• reference.
Pathos pertains to emotional appeal and comprises three cognate strategies that are defined as the following:
• tone;
• emphasis; and
• engagement.
The following are 5 of my interpretations and examples of the cognate strategies:
Clarity
Clarity in communication helps establish the exact intention of a communication to provide clear understanding and prevent ambiguity.
When I communicate with individuals in my career field, it is important that communications are understood the first time to prevent the need for additional clarification due to any
…show more content…
With that said, I have found that it is critical to give credit and show appreciation for the people who contribute to the success of a project. Daily and as appropriate I let people know that I appreciate their assistance in a written communication (e.g. Thank you for your valued assistance). Additionally, I have written communications to employee’s leadership while also including the employee in the communication in order express how valuable they are to the project while also highlighting the great work they have done. In summary, expressing appreciation is a great way to acknowledge people’s efforts and
Pathos is the author's use of emotions and sympathy to urge the audience to agree with his or her standpoint. And lastly, logos apply sound reasoning (logic) to attract the typical ideas of the audience and to prove the author's point of view. "Lockdown" by Evans D. Hopkins is a fine example of an author using these appeals to persuade his audience. Hopkins uses of the three appeals are easy to locate and relate to throughout the entire passage. He undoubtedly uses rhetoric to try and keep his audiences focused and to persuade them to feel the way he does about the treatment of prisoners.
Ethos is a category that appeals to connecting one thing to another to help advertise the product.Resse's uses this tactic by including the pretty well -known rapper Mr.lupo linking the fans of mr.lupo to the cereal.People who watch the commercial will recognize mr.lupo and will want to buy the cereal from the commercial he's in.Connecting the two products together gets out more publicity for and the said product.Ethos is efficient in the process of linking two different subjects so they benefit each other.
Later, when Inigo tells the story of his father’s death, this line takes on new emotion and becomes an example of both ethos and pathos. Pathos is an emotion. A rhetorical device used to get readers to stop thinking and start feeling (shmoop). At the point in the story when Inigo and Fezzik are looking for Westley; Inigo asks the spirit of his father for help with where to look. He is led to the tree with the opening to the chamber where Westley is being held and tortured.
Pathos is a quality of an experience in life or a work of art that stirs up emotions of pity, sympathy, and sorrow. She uses this to connect to the people by bringing up her personal experiences in life. As shown in the speech, “My friends, we’ve come to Philadelphia- the birthplace of our nation- because what happened in this city 240 years ago still has something to teach us today” (Line 35-36).. Hillary says “my friends” as referring to the American people, she considers everyone as important and this causes people to feel good about themselves. Also, she uses allusion to show how the past still impacts our world today. Another device uses is point of view, “Teachers who change lives. Entrepreneurs who see possibilities in every problem. Mothers who lost children to violence and are building a movement to keep other kids safe” (Lines 104-106). The point of view is used in third person, and emphasizes her point that she is trying to make. This quotes is also pathos, she is connecting to real people and what they go through in everyday life. Pathos is one appeal that touches the heart of general people.
Ethos is the use of one’s title or background in order to speak on an issue that is presented. Hasselstrom is a female poet, essayist and writing teacher who is using experiences in order to debate the issue of carrying a weapon. Hasselstrom does not have the proper ethos in order to speak on this topic because she does not have any credentials that state she is qualified enough to speak on the issue of guns. The most experience Hasselstrom has with a weapon is the fact that she owns one, however she is lacks the credentials to give certifiable proof that other methods besides a gun is the only valid method that could prevent a physical altercation from occuring. In the excerpt, Hasselstrom stated that a pistol is the only way to shift the balance of power which then provided safety. She has no background on if that statement is true nor have any of the knowledge to justify the
The unsuccessful use of ethos makes the reader feel like the author’s piece is irrelevant to read. What’s going to make them believe this author has something to say that is actually worth listening to? It goes as far as the process it took for the author to make the article. Little things like the ones mentioned in this analysis: demographics of the subjects, interview styles and experience, which contribute to the process of making her article, could become big things when it comes to the author’s use of ethos, because it’s all about credibility. The process is where ethos is established for the most part and that’s where Anderson made most of her “little” mistakes.
Pathos is emotional appeal that influences what we think. According to everything’s an argument there are four main ways that Pathos is used. They are using emotions to build bridges, using emotions to sustain an argument, using humor, and using argument based on emotion. To build a bridge, the speaker makes the audience feel empathy for the situation. The speaker appeals to her or his own experience to gain sympathy early that way the audience will be more inclined to listen later. When utilizing emotion to strengthen an argument, it makes the claim stronger, because it can energize the situation. Humor can be a great tactic to lighten the mood, but a jokester must be careful because the joke may be thought of as ridicule. Arguments based on emotion are to strike a particular emotion, so that the audience will feel more
Torture is a loaded word. It conjures images in a readers' mind of any number of horrors, physical and mental. Many writers rely on this reaction and use pathos in their articles to illicit a strong response in their audience. Pathos is an emotional appeal used to gain sympathy and trust from the audience and works for people of all intellectual levels. It often casts the author or characters in a story as an Everyman, easy to identify, and therefore see eye to eye, with.
When logos used, it’s to show the audience logic to persuade them by reason. If the facts or information is true and prove a statement over the argument then that is the use of logos. For example, the movie Twelve Angry Men (1957) directed by Sidney Lumet, an 18-year-old Latino boy is accused for murder of his father. When the all the points lead him to killing his father, Juror No. 8 (Henry Fonda) has reason that the boy is innocent, which leads to long periods of arguments. This scene is when Juror No. 9 (Joseph Sweeny) see’s Juror No. 4 (E.G. Marshall) rubs his irritated nose from his glasses. That’s when Juror No. 9 ask if Juror No. 4 sleeps with his glasses and as he replies with no. Juror No. 9 suspects that the women had the same glasses marks on her nose which she rubbed just like Juror No. 8 and with logical reasoning she wouldn’t be able to see the murder at night if she was sleeping and woke up. So when the other jurors change there vote to guilty to not guilty Juror No. 3 (Lee J Cobb) is the only one whose vote is still guilty and all jurors try to convince Juror No. 3 that logically she wouldn’t sleep with her glasses on and she wouldn’t be able to put her glasses fast enough to see the murder. In the end, this argument was successful, and logos is shown that the women didn’t see the murderer because she doesn’t sleep with her
To begin, ethos is the appeal to credibility. Ethos use of persuasion to show the writer has a full knowledge of what is being said. Amanda Coyne displays this rhetorical device when she notes she has a family member is prison. This small amount of information credits her knowledge on the emotional effects and the experiences one may have inside a federal prison visitation room. Ethos also promotes the ethical appeal to the reader through the text. For example,“The Long Goodbye: Mother’s Day in Federal Prison” tells the tale of a woman in jail for conspiracy. “Ten years. That boyfriend talked and got three years. She didn 't know anything. Had nothing to tell them. They gave her ten years. And they called it conspiracy. Conspiracy? Aren 't there real criminals out there?” (62). This pulls the reader to start to question the ethics of the justice system and if the system truly beneficial to all who fall under and are held accountable to its standards. Amanda Coyne puts this litotes into this essay to make you question if this woman is a criminal or someone who was caught up in the wrong place and couldn 't get
Ethos is the credibility of knowledge and written word. Or in laments terms, that one has the authority to spread true knowledge. It shows the importance of what you are talking about and gives a speaker credibility to talk about the subject. “Supersize Me” fulfills this bin that it provides the viewers with facts and statistics about obesity and the fast food industry in America. It was reported in the documentary that each day, 1 in 4 Americans visit a fast food restaurant, and that in 1972, America spent three billion dollars a year on fast food where as today we spend more than $110 billion a year (S...
Pathos is an emotional appeal in which the advertisers hope that the consumers will allow their claim. Say for instance most people will notice a puppy behind what looks like to be a rusty cage. Seeing a cage like that, makes some wonder how bad the conditions are that the puppy is living in. then there is the puppy who looks very solemn, sad, and miserable. It makes one think how can people do this, why would they do this. This is an animal that should not have to live their life this way; it can really tug at some heartstrings, and cause many emotions like sad, anger, and even happy. For instance something like this makes most people think wow how can someone do th...
Aristotle’s rhetorical triangle links three elements of arguing together: the speaker, the story, and the audience. The relationship between the elements determines the speaker’s argument and whether it will be successful in oratory or literature. Ethos, Logos and Pathos are each different aspects of the argument that must be balanced in order to succeed in persuading or convincing an audience. Ethos, or character, relates to the speaker’s credibility that the audience appeals to: it is useful when persuading a group of people to trust what you are saying or doing. Logos, or logic, is a way of convincing and appealing by reason, truth, and facts. Pathos relates to the audience’s emotions and their response to what the speaker is saying.
There are many more ways of showing gratitude and that you can see how hard someone is working such as, nominating them for a staff award for, for example, best worker, so they can be recognised throughout the entire organisation for their hard work, determination and loyalty to the organisation. I have not yet been nominated for any awards, however within my work for my team I always receive praise and thank you for helping them with work and/ or doing some of their work for them to help clear back log as fast as possible. In my team to make sure each and every team member is treated with respect, equality and courtesy everyone's opinion is accepted, we also hold regular team meetings to address certain things that people have done well that
These appeals are based on the demographics of the readers, so the process of persuasion is more powerful. Ethos is based on the credentials of the writer. For example, if the writer proves that he or she is smart they are practicing ethos. Pathos on the other hand has more to do with emotions of the text and how they affect the reader. Writers practicing pathos know the demographics of their readers, making readers feel sad, angry, pity, and happy are mostly used forms of pathos.