Ampicillin Essay

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Recommended: Antimicrobial agent susceptibility test

Ampicillin
Ampicillin disrupts the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that are inside the bacterial cell wall. Then facilitated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes, cell lysis beings. Ampicillin is metabolized by Hydrolysis of the B-lactam ring to penicilloic acid. Microorganisms such as salmonella, Escherichia coli, campylobacter, shigella aquificae, thermotogae, chrysiogenetes, nitrospira, deferribacteres, other eubacteria, and other enteric bacteria are sensitive to Ampicillin. Treatment Dosage can range from 1 to 2g IM or IV every 4 to 6 hours to the maximum does of 12g per day. Microorganisms resistant to Ampicillin are penicillinase- producing bacteria (some strains of staphylococci), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. Vulgaris, Kiebsiella pneumonia, and Enerobacter aerogenes.
Penicillin G
Penicillin G reacts by in interfering with the cell wall mucopeptide synthesis while it is active multiplication will result with bactericidal activity against susceptible microorganisms. Penicillin G is metabolized through Hepatic. Microorganisms that can be sensitive to Penicillin G staphylococcie (non pénicillinase- producing strains), streptococci (groups A, B, C, G, H, L, and M) pneumococci and Neisseria meningitides, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Corynebacterium diphtheria, and Bacillus anthracis. The treatment dosage for Penicillin G is 600,000 units/1mL syringe and 1.2 million units/2mL syringe. The microorganisms that can be resistant to Penicillin G are penicillinase-producing bacteria (some strains of staphylococci)
Amphotericin B
The mechanism of action for Amphotericn B is that it binds with ergosterol to form a transmembrane that turns to monovalent ion leakage...

... middle of paper ...

...lized. The microorganisms that can be sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Treatment dosage for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is one double strength tablet or two single strength tablets every 12 hours.
Levaquin
The mechanism of action for Levaquin is that it inhibits bacterial type II toposiomerases, topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. Results in strand breakage on a bacterial chromosome, supercoiling, and resealing. DNA replication and transcription is stopped. Not much of levaquin is metabolized. The unchanged drug is 87%. Certain microorganisms are sensitive to levaquin, they are: corynebacterium species, streptococcus pneumonia, staphylococcus epidermidis, serratia marcescens and other penicillin-resistant strains. The recommended treatment dosage for levaquin is 250 mg, 500 mg, or 750 mg orally every 24 hours.

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