Welcome to the Documentary on Bangladesh independence. The independence of Bangladesh was established after victory in the Bangladesh Liberation War. The Bangladesh Liberation War had started on March 26, 1971 but the seed of Bangladesh’s independence was planted many years before in 1947, when the British Empire left the Indian sub-continent.
Indian sub-continent was a British colony for close to two hundred years. After the Second World War faced with intense independence movement in India led my Mohandas Gandhi, the British government decided to leave India. As the British left India, they broke the subcontinent into different countries based mainly on religion and ethnicity. The countries were, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan (Picture of Indian subcontinent). Among the countries, Pakistan was created with unique setting. It had two wings, East and West Pakistan separated by one thousand miles of Indian Territory (Picture of East and West Pakistan). Only thing that bound the people in East and West Pakistan was their religion, Islam. They had different culture, different language, and different history.
As a result, conflicts between the two parts of Pakistan started early. The first issue was the language. In 1948, leader of the Pakistan, Mohammad Ali Jinnah demanded in Dhaka that Urdu would be the only official language of Pakistan, even though Bengali was mother tongue for the majority of the people in the East Pakistan. On February 21, 1952 seven students were killed in a fierce protest near Dhaka Medical College. As a result of this massacre, February 21st is recognized as the International Mother Language Day by the United Nations. It is observed each year to emphasize the importance of the ...
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... India enter the war in support for Bangladesh; Pakistani forces in East Pakistan had signed the Instrument of Surrender on December 16, 1971 (Audio of Amar Sonar Bangla). Over 93,000 Pakistani troops surrendered to the Indian forces, making it the largest surrender since World War II.
Aftermath
After the independence, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his Awami League party won the national election in Bangladesh and ruled for three and half years. On August 15, 1971 Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was assassinated in a military coup. Zulfiquor Ali Bhutto became the Prime Minister of Pakistan after the war. He was executed on April 4, 1979 following a military coup. Indira Gandhi, who was the Prime Minister of India during the war, was assassinated on October 31st, 1984, by two militant Sikhs in response to invasion of a Sikh temple by the Indian army ordered by Indira Gandhi.
The relationship between cricket and politics is clearly delineated in South Asia from 1880 to 2005 through the easing of the stress between totally different caste members, although the stress mitigated wasn't forever from a religious aspect between the Pakistanis, Indians, and also the British. The various issues that arose in South Asia was largely class or caste systems (Docs 2, 3, 4), rivalry (Docs 1, 6, 10), and religious tensions (Docs 5, 7, 8, 9) against the various countries and cricket groups. Throughout its interaction with Indian politics from 1880 to 2005, cricket has served as both a unifying force between totally different political groups and also has divided political groups in periods of power struggle and political variations, as well as making sturdy bonds between countries.
The United States is a developed country that people are lucky to be able to live in. In the past however, not everyone was given the same rights. Through legislation and even war, people have fought for change so that we could live in the world that we live in today. Similarly, in Afghanistan people are fighting for their rights everyday. They have been through war and oppression to reach their goals of the freedoms that every person deserves. In this country, women and children are restricted from rights that every person deserves, though they have revolutionized into a country that is somewhat better than it was in the past, they can improve marginally.
The first occurrence sparked a fight in 1857, taking the shape of the Sepoy Rebellion. The British had once again disregarded the culture of the people they controlled and tried to force the sepoys to disregard their ancient traditions and follow British orders. This caused the sepoys to revolt, a bloody war to start, and the rest is history. Further conflict in Southern Asia arrived in the form of a religious dispute between the Hindu’s and the Muslim’s. The bigotry on each side grew so substantial that eventually they were forced to split into two countries, India and Pakistan, resulting in massive migration with over 200,000 deaths and almost 14 million displaced, all due to the fact that neither side trusted the other’s religion. India and Pakistan still view each other as treacherous rivals to this day and show no signs of reconciling anytime
The partition of India left the subcontinent divided and devastated. Homes were dislocated as boundaries between the two countries were drawn. Scores of people were uprooted they had to leave behind all their material possessions and move on to be relocated. A couple of decades passed before the subcontinent could accept the reality of the two countries-one of them in two parts and separated by more than two thousand miles. From the late sixties differences between East and West Pakistan got aggravated and the burning cauldron finally exploded in 1971.
Belizean culture and nationality developed throughout the 19th century (and the British became the minority). Self-government was achieved in 1964, but full independence was delayed until 1981 only because of the Guatemalan claim to the territory.
Whilst the growth of Indian nationalism put considerable pressure on the Raj, historians offer many interpretations as to the fundamental cause of Independence. Gandhi’s non-cooperation movement and subsequent campaigns meant that nationalism began to appeal to the masses and helped establish a broad based movement for Independence. However, the British were always able to supress the nationalist movements, through reform or by using force, up to the Quit India movement of 1942. British involvement in the Great War and particularly the Second World War placed them in a weaker position economically, whilst the social and political expectations of the Indian people were changing, which strengthened nationalism and discontent.
"1971- Independence War of Bangladesh." Bangla2000 - The Largest Portal of Bangladesh. Bangla2000. Web. 03 Feb. 2012. .
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However, successive Kashmiri governments have been dissolved by the government of India, and elections have only been held in the presence of its armed forces. In 1965, Pakistan and India waged a second indecisive war over Kashmir. In the 1980s, resistance within Kashmir itself against the Indian government took on a violent nature, with guerilla attacks against Indian army bases. India responded with heavy army clampdowns, and since then the situation has only escalated and got worse. It is estimated that well over 34,000 people have died within the valley, and the relations between the two countries have become increasingly acrimonious.
In 1947 Pakistan was created after being partitioned from the country of India. A predominantly Muslim country located in Southern Asia it has had a history rife with terrorism and religious extremism. The roots of which can be traced primarily to the Soviet-Afghan war of 1979. A direct consequence of the war would be the promotion of radical Islam and a militant culture. The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001 and the subsequent War On Terror would bring Pakistani support of and involvement in terrorist activities to international focus.
Honor killings have become very common in Pakistan especially in Sindh and in tribal areas of Pakistan. In Pakistan hundreds of women are killed every year in the name of honor. Such a cruel custom has existed in our country from so many years. Honor killings are common in all over the country, though in some areas the incidents of honor killings have taken a shockingly high amount of incidents in recent years. In Azad Kashmir a mother helped her husband in killing their 15 year old daughter because they saw her talking to a young man. They killed her by dousing her acid. Her elder sister was not in favor of this custom and she was very anxious about that crime which her parents had committed. She demanded justice and police investigation for her sister but all went in vain because it was done in the name of so called ‘honour’. Our state also goes after the satisfaction of honor in foreign policy. Our society has become so cruel under the involuntarily accepted conduct guideline of the Taliban. The people who are killed in the name of honor are mostly women.
...lly passed on August 15, 1947. After the movement, Gandhi strived to have peace between the Hindu and Muslims. His strive for unity stopped much of the fighting and killing between the two religions. He was assassinated by a Hindu extremist in 1948. One of his followers, Jawaharlal Nehru, who was first on Britain’s side, was moved by Gandhi’s movement and switched sides. He became the prime minister of India and tried making solutions to the problems of the new independent nation. The problems in the future were that their government was British based and also to settle disputes between Hindus and Muslims. This independence movement is very significant because it is the end of Britain relying on India’s raw materials. This is a very rare movement because it takes a very strong country to be able to strive for nonviolence while revolting against another country.
The Muslim majority state of Pakistan was created in 1947 when the Indian sub-continent was divided. Since then, Pakistan has been plagued with domestic political hostility and regional conflicts. Originally, Pakistan was divided into two parts (east and west) to appease the complaints of Indian Muslims. The eastern part is present day Bangladesh, while the western part is the present day Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Human Rights Watch 2014).
...tween the Hindus and Muslims, Jinnah felt that Muslims had no future in India (Overfield 216). With the end of British rule in 1947, not only did India gain its independence but also along with it was born an other country, Pakistan where Jinnah served as the first governor (Overfield 216). With the gain of India’s independence, Gandhi was shot the following year in 1948 by a Hindu zealot who resented his commitment to Hindu – Muslim harmony (Overfield 212).
Pakistan was formed in 1947, it was created by founding father Mohammad Ali Jinnah. It was Mohammad Ali Jinnahs belief that Hindus and Muslims should live as two separate nations. However, India disagreed, proclaiming that they indeed could live together as one large peaceful nation. A partition of British India into India and the new created country of Pakistan, was carried out.