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Developments with artificial hearts
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An artificial heart is a mechanical device, about the size of an orange, which is connected to your heart or implanted in your chest to help or replace a weakening heart. It may have several valves, a mechanism to propel blood forward, and one or more chambers. Sometimes an artificial heart may help your heart temporarily, until yours recovers. If this is the case, the artificial heart will be removed when it is no longer needed. More commonly, when there is irreversible heart muscle damage and your heart can t recover, the artificial heart stays until you can have a heart transplant. If no other options are available, an artificial heart may completely and permanently replace your heart. There are two types of artificial heart. An artificial
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement or TAVR is the latest technology used principally for the treatment of aortic stenosis, a condition in which one of the major valves of the heart, the aortic valve, becomes tight and stiff, usually as a result of aging (3). Since many patients who need aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis are too sick to undergo major valve replacement surgery, they are unable to get the treatment they need. With the transcatheter aortic valve, this issue is bypassed because this valve can be implanted in the heart by accessing the patient’s heart through an artery in the groin. The valve can be inserted through a wire that can be pushed to the heart, and the old valve is simply pushed to the side when the new valve is implanted. This technology has been in use in the US with Edwards’ Sapiens valve since 2011 and has saved the lives of many patients with aortic stenosis (4).
In how many ways can a person change in the course of one novel? They can change a great deal. Alyss changed from rebellious and mischievous to beautiful and well-educated to. People change in many ways, some you can expect and some you just don’t understand.
In this figure, SN = sinus node; AVN = AV node; RA = right atrium; LA
Using a double pithed frog, three drug solutions were applied to the isolated frog heart. When applying the solutions to the heart, one to three drops were applied each time. Potassium, Calcium and caffeine were applied to the heart as inotropic and chronotropic affects were measured. Between each drug application, ringer solution was applied to the frog heart. Ringer solution is used to keep the frog wet and to rinse out each drug before applying the next. When measuring potassium (K+), the expected inotropic effects was negative and the observed was no effect. The expected chronotropic effects for K+ was negative and the observed was also negative. For calcium (Ca2+), the expected inotropic effects were positive and the observed was positive. The expected chronotropic effects for Ca2+ was positive and the observed was negative. When measuring caffeine, the expected inotropic effects was positive and the observed was also positive. The expected chronotropic effects for caffeine was positive and the observed was positive.
Brendan Maher, in his article “How to Build a Heart” discusses doctor’s and engineer’s research and experimentation into the field of regenerative medicine. Maher talks about several different researchers in this fields. One is Doris Taylor, the director of regenerative medicine at the Texas Heart Institute in Houston. Her job includes harvesting organs such as hearts and lungs and re-engineering them starting with the cells. She attempts to bring the back to life in order to be used for people who are on transplant waiting lists. She hopes to be able to make the number of people waiting for transplants diminish with her research but it is a very difficult process. Maher says that researchers have had some successes when it comes to rebuilding organs but only with simples ones such as a bladder. A heart is much more complicated and requires many more cells to do all the functions it needs to. New organs have to be able to do several things in order for them to be used in humans that are still alive. They need to be sterile, able to grow, able to repair themselves, and work. Taylor has led some of the first successful experiments to build rat hearts and is hopeful of a good outcome with tissue rebuilding and engineering. Scientists have been able to make beating heart cells in a petri dish but the main issue now is developing a scaffold for these cells so that they can form in three dimension. Harold Ott, a surgeon from Massachusetts General Hospital and studied under Taylor, has a method that he developed while training. Detergent is pumped into a glass chamber where a heart is suspended and this detergent strips away everything except a layer of collagen, laminins, and other proteins. The hard part according to Ott is making s...
Can it truly be love when you only love a certain aspect of a person or only a delusion? Don Williams, not to be confused with the American country singer, is a prize winning columnist and the founding editor as well as the publisher of New Millennium Writings. He addressed this very question in his short story Her Vagabond Neon-Heart (2004). Loretta Garner was a restless soul, unhappy with where she was in life and the male character of the story, a confident trial lawyer named Dewey was content on taking advantage of this. He enjoyed the fact that he could always reel her back in when she went astray, assuming that she would never actually leave. This became a beloved part of his routine. It wasn’t until she followed her heart and left for
The film that I’ve decided to analyze would be Ryan Murphy’s The Normal Heart. The sequence within the film that I’ve decided to analyze was not an easy choice considering this film has several amazing scenes and sequences. Nevertheless, the sequence that I’ve chosen is within the time segment of 83:15 – 85:35. The Normal Heart is a film that I truly believe to be cinematic beauty. The film follows the rise of the HIV-AIDS crisis in New York City between 1981 and 1984 through the eyes of writer/activist Ned Weeks, the founder of a prominent HIV advocacy group, portrayed by Mark Ruffalo. The film sequence that I chose is a prominent part of the film and one of the moments that stood out to me the most. It is the part where Ned Weeks comes home to find his lover Felix Turner,
. The layers of the heart wall include epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. Epicardium is the surface of the wall and it’s also called visceral pericardium. It contains serous membrane covering the heart. Myocardium is in the middle of the two layers it’s described as having a thick muscular layer of the heart. It serves as having contractions of the heart as well in containing fibrous skeleton in networking of collagenous and elastic fibers. Some of the functions are providing structural support, attachment for cardiac muscle, and having electrical insulation. Endocardium is the inner lining that is smooth and contains epithelial. There is also the pericardial sac which allows the heart to beat without friction and the heart having room to expand and resist excessive expansion. It has three layers which include parietal pericardium the tough outer layer, pericardial cavity is filled with pericardial fluid, and visceral pericardium which is thin, smooth, and serous layer covering the heart surface.
Edgar Allan Poe author of “The Tell-Tale Heart” used literary devices to create mystery and suspense. Poe used personification in the 2nd paragraph which added character to his story, “evil eye”. This is an example of personifications because an eyeball cannot be evil itself, Poe gave the cataract eye the characteristic of evilness to suggest to the reader that it was really a bother to him. “Black as pitch” found in paragraph 3, is an example of a simile. By using a simile in his story I think that Poe gave his story variety. He described the rooms lack of light through a simile which was very creative in my opinion. Finally, Edgar Allan Poe uses imagery repeatedly to help the reader picture what is going on in his story. An example of this
The Normal Heart can be analyzed through a structural functionalist theory. Structural functionalist theory looks at society as a complex system with parts that work together to promote solidarity and stability. This approach stresses social solidarity, divided into organic and mechanical classification according to general type, and stability in social structures. In the early stages of the film society works as a whole, with the homosexual community being more accepted than they would have been in previous decades. The 1980s welcomed gay activism in the New York social scene with New York City as a safe place where gays were free to walk down the street hand in hand without fear of much discrimination (Elizabeth
The evolutionary development of the heart has come a long way from the singular tube to the multi-chambered complex ones that now operate in humans. Some scientists proclaim that the genetics over the years have not changed much at all. They also say that the human heart is a perfected machine that has seemed to reach the goal of its evolutionary time. However, the heart will continue to amaze us. With its constant abnormalities, gene mutations, and it’s striving for perfection, the heart will never be completely known and understood. Instead it will be an enigma, constantly dodging our rules and always providing us with life.
The rich, in essence, can buy life, whereas the poor are abandoned to die in a
The heart is a pump with four chambers made of their own special muscle called cardiac muscle. Its interwoven muscle fibers enable the heart to contract or squeeze together automatically (Colombo 7). It’s about the same size of a fist and weighs some where around two hundred fifty to three hundred fifty grams (Marieb 432). The size of the heart depends on a person’s height and size. The heart wall is enclosed in three layers: superficial epicardium, middle epicardium, and deep epicardium. It is then enclosed in a double-walled sac called the Pericardium. The terms Systole and Diastole refer respectively and literally to the contraction and relaxation periods of heart activity (Marieb 432). While the doctor is taking a patient’s blood pressure, he listens for the contractions and relaxations of the heart. He also listens for them to make sure that they are going in a single rhythm, to make sure that there are no arrhythmias or complications. The heart muscle does not depend on the nervous system. If the nervous s...
The Tell-tale Heart is a short story which was written by an American writer by the name of Edgar Allan Poe who was born on January 19, 1809. His story is mainly about an old man’s murder. It was published in January 1843, it talks mainly about a man with no specific name who kills an old man for just a strange reason. Poe gives the story about the murder in order to prove himself as not insane. The fictional scenarios the narrator describes in the story shows various traits of the narrator’s character which is helpful to the readers in terms of their feelings towards murder and confessions among others thus reminds the readers of how evident they are in the tale.
Heart transplant is a surgical procedure to remove a person’s diseased heart (orthotopic approach) and replace by a healthy heart from an organ donor. Less commonly, heart transplant can be carried out without the removal of diseased heart and a healthy heart will be positioned (heterotopic approach) to encourage the recovery of the diseased heart of the recipient.