Activity Ratios are used to determine how efficiently a company uses its assets. They help provide an idea of the overall operational performance of a company. The activity ratios are “turnover” ratios that relate an income statement line item to a balance sheet line item.
1. Asset Turnover Ratio
This measures the efficiency with which the company uses its total assets to generate revenues.
2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Total Asset Turnover 0.37 0.44 0.53 0.50 0.55 0.65
Industry - 0.55 0.61 0.63 0.67 0.71
Microsoft Corp.'s total asset turnover deteriorated from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. The company’s ratio is also consistently lower than the industry standard each year. It could be attributed to two things. A low asset turnover ratio means that either Microsoft has been relatively inefficient in its utilization of assets or that the company is operating in a capital-intensive environment. Consistently low asset turnover ratios also indicate towards a strategic choice by management to use a more capital intensive as opposed to labor intensive approach.
2. Inventory Turnover
This shows how effectively inventory is managed by comparing the cost of goods sold with average inventory for the period.
2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Inventory
Turnover 15.71 14.56 11.38 10.18 10.45 15.42
Industry - 15.76 15.74 15.64 16.61
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For majority of the firms, gross profit margin will suffer as competition increases. If a company has a higher gross profit margin than is typical of its industry, it likely holds a competitive advantage in quality, perception or branding, enabling the firm to charge more for its products. We can see that Microsoft has relatively very high gross profit margins as compared to its major competitors. Microsoft holds a competitive advantage in product costs due to efficient production techniques, economies of scale and first mover
Various ratios are used in this analysis. The organization’s WIP and FG inventory turnover ratios from 2009 demonstrate that the firm takes fewer days to sell both inventories (3.64 days and 73.43 days respectively) than the average firm in the industry In 2009, the total asset turnover ratio for Gemini Electronics was 1.37 while the industry average was 1. This is an indication that Gemini Electronics is generating business at a steady pace. Gemini Electronics is utilizing its fixed assets at a higher rate than other firms in the industry. Their utilization shows the Gemini’s ability to use L, P, & E in order to generate sales. Gemini Electronics A/R is 40.16, which is 25% higher than the industry average. This means Gemini Electronics waits about 40 days to receive payment for goods sold. High levels of A/R can negatively affect the firm and their stock
In 2012 Macy’s had a gross profit margin and net income margin of 11148, and 1335 respectively. In 2013 Macy’s had a gross profit margin and net income margin of 11206, and 1486 respectively. In 2014 Macy’s had a gross profit margin and net income margin of 11242, and 1526 respectively ("Annual Reports/Fact Book -Macy 's Inc."). Gross profit and net income margin both show steady increases year over year, this data indicates Macy 's is continuing to grow at a sustainable rate. In 2013, Macy’s inventory turnover was 3.15, and decreased to 3.03 in 2014. Number of days sales in inventory in 2013 was 115.84 and 120.28 in 2014 ("Annual Reports/Fact Book -Macy 's Inc."). With the decrease in inventory turnover and conversely an increase in number of days sales in inventory Macy 's is showing a decrease in managing inventory, in other words this excess inventory is decreasing
Lastly, the total asset turnover compares total operating revenue to total assets. The process entails the more revenues an organization can generate per dollars of assets, the more efficient it is, other things being equal, (Finkler, S.A., Ward, D.M. & Calabrese, I.D., 2013). Furthermore, by dividing the amount of the revenue from the year by total assets the ratio will show the amount of revenue for every amount in assets. This ratio method also useful and can help determine the cause and if there are ways to use assets more efficiently and generate more revenue.
Current Ratio – For the last three years was growing from 3.56 in 2001 to 3.81 in 2002 to 4.22 in 2003. The reason of grow is increased in Assets. Even though Liability was growing, Asset grow was more significant.
The main contributing factor to the decline in the return on stockholders’ equity (25.37% to 8.73%) was the decline in the profit margin (11.79% vs. 5.08%). The decrease in asset turnover (1.11 to 1.00) made a small contribution to the decline, as did the decline in the debt ratio (48.4% to 41.8%).
The Dupont analysis includes the asset turnover ratio, the profit margin percantage, return on shareholder’s equity percentage, return on assets, and the equity multiplier (Spiceland, Sepe, and Nelson 258-264). The asset turnover ratio is the amount of revenue received for every one dollar of assets, it reveals how efficiently the company is distributing assets. Apple’s asset turnover ratio is 60.43 which means for every one dollar Apple has in assets, they receive approximately sixty cents (Apple Inc). Microsoft’s asset turnover ratio is 13.17 so for every dollar they only receive about thirteen cents (Microsoft Inc). Apple is doing significantly better in this category. The profit margin is just how much of a company’s sales they keep as a profit. Apple’s profit margin is 21.67% while Microsoft has a 28% profit margin so Microsoft is accumulating more profit off each sale but their sales are lower. The return on shar...
...To check how successful it has been, we calculate debtor collection period ratio. (Dyson, 2004) Fixed Asset turnover: In this ratio, we seek the amount of sales that can be generated (or the amount of fixed assets necessary to achieve a level of sales) from a given level of fixed assets. (Klein, 1998) Total asset turnover: This ratio determines that how efficiently a firm is utilizing its assets. If the asset turnover ratio is high, the firm is using its assets effectively in generating sales. If this ratio is low, the firm may not be using its assets efficiently and shall either increase sales or eliminate some of the existing assets. (Argenti, 2002) Solvency Ratio Gearing: Gearing reflects the relationship between a company’s equity capital (ordinary shares and reserves) and its other form of long-term funding (preference share, debenture, etc.) (Black, 2000)
Rondo is showing steady improvement in its Fixed Assets Turnover ratio. Total Assets Turnover ratio is a measure of all assets measured against sales. Rondo is showing improvement in this area at 1.0, but is still below the industry average of 1.1. Rondo's performance is fair in this ar...
In general the customer bargaining power is low and therefore it raises the potential of market's profitability. Though, most of the companies provide "buy-backs" and price protection that lessens the chance to cash on moderately strong manufacturers position.
The inventory turnover decreased from 3.8 to 3.59. This is explained by the higher increase in the average inventory (37%) than the increase in cost of sales (29%) during 2005. This means that the rate at which inventory is sold is dropping
... organization's management. The ratios were broken down into classifications of liquidity and asset utilization, debt and interest coverage, profitability and market-based ratios.
The late 90’s ushered in a new economy, IPO-funded .com companies. Apparently, investors believed that this new economy was the next big thing. Consequently, this belief, fostered in over-priced stock value. For instance, companies that had never produced any revenue, witnessed their stock trading at enormous value. Therefore, overnight a lot of executives and employees became millionaires (Ljungqvist, & Wilhelm, 2003). Unfortunately, at the time, there was a myth about how successful these companies would be. Moreover, investors were not interested with the bottom lines of these companies. For this reason, a lot of companies took on massive amounts of debts to grow with the new economy. Nevertheless, at the same time, Microsoft was declared
Inventory management is a method through which a business handles tangible resources and materials to ensure availability of resources for use. It is a collection of interdisciplinary processes including a full circle of the demand forecasting, supply chain management, inventory control and reverse logistics. Inventory management is the optimization of inventories of manufactured goods, work in progress, and raw materials. According to Doucette (2001) inventory management can be challenging at times; however, the need for effective inventory management is largely seen more as a necessity than a mere trend when customer satisfaction and service have become a prime reason for a business to stand apart from its competition. For example, Wal-Mart’s inventory management is one of the biggest contributors to the success of the company; effective and efficient inventory management is of critical importance.
Inventory management is defined because a science mostly established art of guaranteeing that just enough inventory share is command with a company to fulfill demand (Coleman, 2000; Jay & Barry, 2006). it's mostly regarding specifying the size and keeping of stacked product. Inventory management is usually needed at completely distinct spots within a service or within multiple spots of a supply network to guard the standard and planned course of production up against the random disruption of running low upon materials or product. The scope of inventory administration also concerns the good lines between replenishment period interval, carrying costs of inventory, asset management, investment forecasting, inventory valuation, selection visibility,
Inventory can be explained as any assets that are held for future use or sale. Inventories are held for a variety of reasons, such as customer demand for end items, smoothing production, a hedge against stock outs and price increases, and economical purchasing. It is very costly and wasteful to keep large inventory on hand. The new technology and application quantitative tools and techniques for inventory management have permitted decrease in inventory. Top management needs to understand the role that inventories have on a company’s financial performance, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction and strike the proper balance in meeting strategic objectives. They are responsible in keeping sufficient inventories to meet demand of the customers by sustaining the lower cost as possible. Inventories are required for a business to operate efficiently and effectively. Inventory management is a very significant part of basic operations activities. Most businesses and general organizations obtain most of their revenue through the sale of inventory.