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According to Socrates in the Phaedo, philosophy is the practice of death. He claims that philosophers should openly welcome death and be willing to die. However, by no means does this imply that philosophers should consider suicide. It simply means that philosophers should be excited, rather than frightened, for death. Socrates, himself, is not scared of death because according to him, those who practice philosophy in the right way are training for death. Therefore, they are not resentful when death approaches. For Socrates in particular, life is not worth living, and death is not worth welcoming, unless one practices philosophy by seeking to obtain wisdom and knowledge. Philosophers seek wisdom and knowledge throughout their life, which is only truly obtained if the soul is separate from the body. By pursuing wisdom for a lifetime, philosophers are able to prepare for an illustrious afterlife with the gods. In doing so, they must purify themselves from the body’s immoral desires and passions. By practicing philosophy faithfully, true philosophers are able to welcome death by accepting that the only way to attain wisdom and knowledge is through striving to have the soul as it’s own entity. …show more content…
He makes the assumption that death is the ultimate separation of the body and soul, and the body is the soul’s prison. Philosophers spend their lives trying to reach a state where they are inevitably close to death in order to distance the soul from the body’s pleasures and desires. He believes that true philosophers despise bodily pleasures, such as food, drink, clothes, shoes, and sex, because they connect the body and soul through desire, passion, and reason. The soul functions best when it is separate from the body’s influence and control. He
For Plato, the pursuit of the philosopher should be that which the sage has already attained in their status as a “godlike philosopher”. In Phaedo, Socrates takes length describing the pursuit of philosophy as preparation for death. The account of Socrates’ death gives a portrait of man successfully detached from his body, allowing his soul to continue to its next phase of being. Plato however does not present this as a strict asceticism, but rather accounts that the philosopher should spend his life trying to detach himself from the needs of the body and earthly pleasures. Further, Socrates agrees with Simmias that philosophers must distance themselves from bodily pleasures including food, drink, sex, superfluous physical items, etc. The philosopher in turn exchanges all of these things for wisdom, the only thing of true value which leads to an exalted life among the gods. Their main goal is to transform their values through a greater reality of the forms and an ability to recognize the importance of distinguishing the one from the many—which in turn aligns themselves in a position to be ethically superior to unenlightened human beings with a greater degree of
In Plato’s Phaedo, Socrates presents the opposites argument that aims to explain how the soul persists the body after death. The argument begins with the first premise that simply states, “Everything that has birth, let us see if everything comes into being like that, always opposite and from nowhere else.” This first premise establishes that all things come from their opposite. Furthermore, the second premise indicates that life and death are indeed opposites, which means the soul must persist. This act of persistence of the soul after death allows life to come again. The conclusion makes the connection between the relationship of life and death being opposites and the fact that they are derived from each other. Socrates justifies these claims by stating, “If there is coming to life again, this coming to life would be a being born from the dead into the living”. This quote helps to reiterate the concept that life and death are opposites and must therefore come from one another. Therefore, the opposites argument is used by Socrates to support his claim that the soul prevails after death.
The soul is a mysterious entity; unlike its counterpart the body, it cannot be concretely study as a physical object. Parts of philosophy and religion delve into the topic of the soul, trying to denude its nature. As philosophy and religion sometimes resemble each other’s views, assumptions of similarity are made between the two. However, despite appearing similar, upon deep review of the subjects, philosophy and religion may differ in views. This is seen in Socrates’ view of the soul versus the Christian idea of it. Socrates idea of how a soul becomes purify through living a philosophic life rather than a materialistic life is different to the Christian idea of living in the world and not of it. Each idea has similar points, yet there are strong dividing points between the two. I will first discuss Socrates view on the soul, according to his ideas presented in the text Phaedo. Then I will highlight the Christian view on the same topic looking at the Biblical books of James and John before giving the opposing idea based on the similarities of the
In Greek literature, euthanasia connoted a "happy death, an ideal and coveted end to a full and pleasant life." The concern to die well is as old as humanity itself, for the questions surrounding death belong to the essence of being human. All people die, but apparently only people know they are to die. They live with the truth that life is under the sentence of death. Thus, from the "beginning of the species concern with how one dies has been an implicit part of the human attempt to come to terms with death. " Paul D.
The body decays and returns to the dust from which it was created and the soul returns to that which loaned the essence of life to the body, Socrates knew as the swan sang more beautifully as death approached, that death was not to be feared but embraced.
Socrates argues that one shouldn't fear death because it is actually a blessing. His premises for this conclusion are as follows. First of all, either death is nothingness or a relocation of the soul. If death is nothingness, then it is a blessing. If death is a relocation of the soul, then it is a blessing. Therefore death is a blessing (Plato's Apology (1981) 40c-41c.) In examining this argument, it is valid because the premises do entail the conclusion. Socrates doesn't have to argue that death is nothingness or relocation. He simply had to show that if death is one or the other, it is a blessing.
Phaedo of Elis, is encountered by Echecrates and urges Phaedo to tell him what happened during Socrates’ final hours before his death. Many of Socrates’ close friends and followers were present and were all interested in what Socrates had to say. It all begins when Socrates mentions that although suicide is adherently wrong, a philosopher should look forward to his death on earth. Socrates’ reason behind this is that the soul is immortal and the duty of a philosopher throughout his whole life is to train himself and detach his soul from the body.
The ancient philosophers like Plato , Socrates and Aristotle have also expressed their concern regarding the legality of suicide . Plato opined that suicide is shameful and that the people engaged in such act should not have a proper burial. But Plato also predicted 4 exceptions to this rule that can allow a person to end his life. These rules were based on one’s morality, unattainability of salvation, grave misfortune, shame and guilt for unjust actions. Socrates believed that suicide was the act of liberating our soul from our bodies or “guard –post” without the permission of the gods who deliberately positioned us in it as a form of punishment. Aristotle only discussed that the act of suicide is an offence against the state or the society.
Socrates was a philosopher who was true to his word and his death was ultimately felt by his closest friends and followers. In Phaedo, Socrates is met with his closest friends during his final hours as they await his death. At this point Socrates is prepared for death and seems to welcome it. Although death may seem like a scary inevitable fate that we all must face at one point; Socrates saw death as a privilege mainly because he believed that the soul was immortal. As a result, Socrates provides arguments as to why he believed the soul was immortal and even though all his arguments lacked unconvincing evidence, he does bring up good points. In this paper I will talk about Socrates’ most and least convincing arguments on immortality, and explain what Socrates’ problem was with Anaxagoras.
...scaping from prison, Socrates used his death as a final lesson for his pupils with his last words meaning that death is the cure and the freedom of the soul from the body. What he left was his teachings to his students and the achievements and beliefs that are still being used today. From building the tower of Harnesses to his different beliefs of always trying to expose ignorance because he always believed that the mind and soul was more important than the body because it was immortal.
Socrates describes in Phaedo how philosophy is preparation for death and that the goal of philosophy is only fully accomplished in death. He uses logic to explain his arguments which adds the validity of their conclusions. I will argue that the goal of philosophy is to prepare the soul for death and that the soul is an immortal entity separate from the mortal body of a human being.
“The death of Socrates has had a huge and almost continuous impact on western culture” (Wilson 1). Socrates life, trial, and death are all important parts of history. Socrates was a philosopher in Athens who believed in using reason to explain different aspects of life. During his lifetime, he not only tried to help develop his own mind and understanding of life, but also those around him. He often tried to teach the adolescence and get them to use their minds. Socrates enjoyed teaching children because their minds were still open and they were willing to learn. However, his views varied from most of other people around him. He was put on trial because others did not care for his methods. He was eventually executed. Socrates had the courage to be different and marked the beginning of Western Philosophy. His trial was one of the first of its kind and it is the first recorded trial in which someone was sentenced to death as a result of their beliefs.
According to Socrates, philosophers spend their entire life preparing for death. Why, one might ask, because the soul will finally be free. The philosopher wants to free the soul as much as possible, from being connected with the body. Philosophers are in search for truth, as a result they try to attain a state as close to death as conceivable, by trying to distance the soul away from the body. Therefore, there must be an afterlife for the soul which it lives, that the philosopher is preparing
My philosophy in life is to enjoy life’s pleasures. In order to do that, one has to use his senses and body to the fullest extent. Every individual is unique and different and I believe that he must have his own philosophy on how to live a worthy life, as apposed to Plato’s universal theory. For him, it is to achieve absolute truth and wisdom and the only way he can do this is by preparing his current life for death. The whole life of philosophy is one long rehearsal of dieing. Whether this is valid or not is not a relevant issue. If he truly believes that, then he should pursue it. However, for others it may be something different and therefore he should not accuse others for not understanding the meaning of life and death..
At first, the connection between philosophy and death is not clear. However, as we unravel