In order to accurately measure reflexes for the three stimuli, both time of the stimulus and time of reflex need to be recorded so that the time elapsed between the two times can be measured. To accomplish this, an accelerometer needs to be attached to a reflex hammer through use of a cable tie. The subject needs to begin sitting comfortably in a chair that is high enough to allow his/her legs to dangle and move freely above the floor. Two electrode tabs should be attached above one knee along the line of the quadriceps muscle between the knee and the hip. The tabs should be 5 and 13 cm away from the middle of the patella. A third electrode tab should be placed on the lower leg below the patella. Finally, red and green leads should be attached to the electrode tabs above the knee, with the red lead attached to the lab closest to the knee. A black lead should be hooked up to the electrode on the lower leg. The EKG Sensor and …show more content…
Click “collect” on the interface and then record at least 5 seconds of a stable baseline. Then, quickly swing the reflex hammer to contact a hard surface in order to generate an audio stimulus. The subject should kick his/her leg out immediately upon hearing the noise of the hammer. Reflexes should be continued to be obtained until at least 5 measurable kicks have been recorded. Click the “examine” button and place the cursor on the acceleration graph. Align the examine line with the first high peak in the acceleration graph, and record this number as the time at which the audio cue occured. Move the cursor to the EMG graph and align it with the “examine” line. Record this number as the time at which the quadriceps muscle contracted. Record times for the remaining cues and muscle contractions. An average change in time for all five pairs should be calculated. The entire process should repeated and recorded for all subjects in the
Huang C, Hsieh T, Lu S, Su F. (2011). Effect of Kinesio tape to muscle activity and vertical jump performance in healthy inactive people. Biomed Eng Online 10; 70. Kase K, Wallis J, Kase T. (2003) Clinical Therapeutic Applications of the Kinesio Taping Methods.
This report will explore the structure and function of skeletal muscle within the human body. There are three muscle classifications: smooth (looks smooth), cardiac (looks striated) and skeletal (looks striated). Smooth muscle is found within blood vessels, the gut and the intestines; it assists the movement of substances by contracting and relaxing, this is an involuntary effort. The heart is composed of cardiac muscle, which contracts rhythmically nonstop for the entire duration of a person’s life and again is an involuntary movement of the body. The main focus of this report is on skeletal muscle and the movement produced which is inflicted by conscious thought unless there is a potentially harmful stimulus and then reaction is due to reflex, as the body naturally wants to protect itself. Skeletal muscle is found attached to bones and when they contract and relax they produce movement, there is a specific process that the muscle fibers go through to allow this to occur.
The specific parameters in which the researchers observed in this particular study include: Electromyography (EMG) of the Vastus Lateralis (VL) and Rectus Femoris (RF), isometric voluntary contraction values, and cycling cadence.
... are sent through the electrodes to measure how well the nerves can send a signal to the muscle and to determine whether signals get worse when the muscle is tired.
Overall, the aim of this experiment involved the examination of stimuli that triggered the bradycardia reflex, in relation to circulatory and physiological responses that occur in humans during dive reflex. Due to the different factors being generated the dive response was evoked to different extents. All variables including MAP, SV, CO, HR and TPR were monitored and varied (5). The basal measurements fell all within normal range, with respect to the conditions.
19. Binkley JM, Stratford PW, Lott SA, Riddle DL. The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application. North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network. Phys Ther. 1999;79:371-383.
Kinesiology is a complimentary therapy used to identify and correct internal issues to relieve stress, allergies, and pain. Being described as a complimentary therapy, kinesiology is not meant to be a cure-all for the patient, but a secondary method of increasing positive results of the original therapy; this method however can be used as a primary or secondary form of therapy depending on the results for the patient and satisfaction with said results. During treatment the doctor tests 14 different areas of muscles balance, these major muscles and how they react are believed to uncover problems that need correction which cannot be found with any other testing (Rude Health).
The study of cardio physiology was broken up into five distinct parts all centering on the cardiovascular system. The first lab was utilization of the electrocardiogram (ECG). This studied the electrical activities of the heart by placing electrodes on different parts of the skin. This results in a graph on calibrated paper of these activities. These graphs are useful in the diagnosis of heart disease and heart abnormalities. Alongside natural heart abnormalities are those induced by chemical substances. The electrocardiogram is useful in showing how these chemicals adjust the electrical impulses that it induces.
AIM: - the aim of this experiment is to find out what the effects of exercise are on the heart rate. And to record these results in various formats. VARIABLES: - * Type of exercise * Duration of exercise * Intensity of exercise * Stage of respiration
Gabboth, Tim. "Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins). Feb2012, Vol. 26 Issue 2, P487-491. 5p." N.p., n.d. Web.
When performing manual muscle testing for shoulder flexion and abduction, PTA’s typically place their hand at the wrist verses the mid-extremity because placing their hands at the wrist increases the length of the lever thus testing the muscles ability to resist externally applied force overtime and across the bone-joint lever arm system. Shorter lever arms will provide higher testing scores when compared to using longer lever arms, thus changing the point of force application affects the length of the lever arm and therefore the muscle torque.
A doctor will take your medical history and perform an examination of the back, hips, and legs to test for strength, flexibility, sensation, and reflexes. Other tests may include:
‘Applied kinesiology’ was the name given by its inventor, Dr. George Goodheart, to the system of applying muscle testing diagnostically and therapeutically to different aspects of health care.
Lee SE, Cho SH. The effect of McConnell taping on vastus medialis and lateralis activity during squatting in adults with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. 2013;9(2):326-330
This reaction is a reflex - it was not a direct command. However, if a person’s reflex pathway was or is disrupted in some way, he or she might not be able to transmit the information to his or her brain fast enough to avoid getting burned, or they might not even be able to sense the heat until it is too late. Also, there are several reflex reactions that respond to instability, such as the knee jerk. The knee jerk is a sudden kicking movement made when something or someone roughly taps on the patellar tendon, which is located right below the kneecap. The tap causes a slight stretch in the quadriceps, which is the front of the upper leg. This causes the muscles to contract in reaction, and therefore straighten the leg through a kicking motion. Absence of the reaction indicates that the central nervous system may be damaged. Doctors also use the knee jerk reflex to help in recognizing thyroid disease. The knee jerk, also known as the patellar reflex, is one of the many forms of a spinal reflex. A spinal reflex is sought to be important due to its automatic responses to stimuli that require no thinking activity and is a form of protecting