Acidic Environment
Oxides of non-metals which act as acids
Non-metals burn in air or oxygen to produce acidic oxides. The
addition of water to soluble oxides produces acidic solutions.
Oxides of non-metals which act as acids include:
* Carbon reacts with oxygen when burnt to form carbon dioxide which
is acidic in nature. When dissolved in water, it becomes H2CO3
(carbonic acid).
CO2 (g) + H2O (l) →H2CO3 (aq)
* Sulfur burns in oxygen to give sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide
which is acidic in nature. When dissolved in water, it forms
sulfurous acid H2SO3 and sulfuric acid H2SO4 respectively.
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SO3 (g) + H2O (l) →H2CO4 (aq)
Sulfur trioxide + water → sulfuric acid
· Nitrogen is burnt in air to produce nitrogen dioxide(P2O5) which is
an acidic oxide and when dissolved in water forms nitric acid (HNO3)
and nitrous acid (HNO3).
2NO2 (g) + H2O (l) →HNO3 (aq) + HNO3 (aq)
· Phosphorus is burnt in air to produce phosphorus pentaoxide(P2O5) or
tetraphosphorus decaoxide (P4O10) which are acidic oxides and when
dissolved in water form phosphoric acid (H3PO4).
P2O5 (g) + 3H2O (l) →2H3PO4 (aq)
Phosphorus pentaoxide + water → phosphoric acid
P4O10 (g)+ 6H2O (l)→ 4H3PO4 (aq)
tetraphosphorus decaoxide + water → phosphoric acid
· Silicon burns in oxygen to produce silicon dioxide (SiO2) which is
an acidic oxide. It is insoluble in water but when combined with NaOH,
an acidic solution is formed.
SiO2(s) + 2OH-(aq) → SiO32-(aq) + H2O(l)
· An acidic oxide is formed by reacting chlorine with oxygen,
producing dichlorine heptoxide (Cl2O7).This is ...
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...h and endangers aquatic flora and
fauna species.
Bibliography
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9/11/04
* http://www.mos.gov.pl/soe/2b.htm Date accessed: 9/11/04
§
http://hsc.csu.edu.au/chemistry/core/acidic/chem932/chem932net.html#net8
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§ http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/1605/ggrpt/emission.html Date accessed:
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Saukko , Linnea.“How to Poison the Earth.”The Brief Bedford Reader. Bedford/St.Martin’s Boston: 9th edition ,2006.246-247.
The rhetorical occasion of this excerpt is to inform others about the dangers of chemicals on earth’s vegetation and animal life.
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Rotting vegetation and erupting volcanoes release some chemicals that can cause acid rain, but most acid rain falls because of human activities. When humans burn fossil fuels, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are released into the atmosphere. If large amounts of NO2 and SO2 are present in the atmosphere than the pH of rainwater will be significantly lowered. Nitric acid (HN03) can be linked to around 1/4 of the acid rain in the environment. Large amounts of NO gas is produced by high-temperature air combustion that takes place in car engines and power plants....
Acid gases are produced when fossil fuels like coal and oil are burned in power stations, factories and in our own homes. Acid rain is rain that has been made acidic by certain pollutants in the air. Most of these acid gases are blown into the sky, and when they mix with the clouds it can cause rain - or snow, sleet, fog, mist or hail - to become more acidic. Acid rain is rain that has been made acidic by certain pollutants in the air. Acid rain occurs when these gases react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form various acidic compounds. The result is a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released from power plants and other sources, prevailing winds blow these
The world around us is composed of all acids and bases including the ones in air and water. As humans, we come into contacts with acids and bases each day. For example, vinegar, lemon juice and vitamin C are acids that are used everyday. Testing the pH is important at it determines whether the substance is a strong or weak acid/base. Indicators such as methyl orange, bromothymol blue and litmus are examples of indicators that are used to test the pH of swimming pools as acids from the human body and acid rain could change the pH in the pool. Also, they are used to test the pH of aquarium water and ensure that the pH doesn't exceed or fall below the pH ranges that fish can survive in. A typical fish can have better quality life in pH ranges between 7.0 and 8.0.
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Based on the experiment using the red cabbage, I can tell if a liquid is an acid, base or neutral using red cabbage juice as an indicator.
Acid rain is becoming an increasing dilemma due to pollution made from erupting volcanoes, rotting vegetation, and most importantly, the burning of fossil fuels. It has been linked to the corruption of lakes and streams, a decrease in fish and wildlife populations, and human health risks. Not only does it endanger aquatic fish and wildlife but acid rain is also known for the destruction of man-made structures. This phenomenon is becoming a growing concern as the consequences of human pollution are being observed through it. Although the results of acid rain cannot be negated, there are precautions that can be taken in order to prevent further destruction of the environment.
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