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An essay about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
An essay about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Essay on structure and function of plasma membrane
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Eukaryotic cells are the most structurally advanced of the major cell types. Describe the structure and function of each of the eukaryotic organelles. Distinguish between those that are and are not membranous. Most are membranous.
Eukaryotic cells, whether from animals, plants, protists, or fungi, are the most structurally advanced of the major cell types. Eukaryote are single-celled or multicellular organism whose cells contain nucleus and any other structures (organelles) enclosed within the membrane that perform specific functions. The surface of the cell is covered with a thin film or plasma membrane, which is the boundary that separates the living cell from its nonliving surroundings. Plasma membranes are composed mostly of proteins and lipids (Simon, 02/2012, p. 59-60).
The most important and largest cellular organelle is the nucleus, which houses most of the eukaryotic cell’s DNA and is surrounded by a double membrane. The nucleus contains most of the cells genetic material. The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
“The plasma membrane is the edge of life, the boundary that separates the living cell from its nonliving surroundings. The plasma membrane is a remarkable film, so thin that you would have to stack 8,000 of these membranes to equal the thickness of the page you are reading. Yet the plasma membrane can regulate the traffic of chemicals into and out of the cell. The key to how a membrane works is its structure” (Simon, 02/2012, p. 60).
Other than the previously mentioned nucleus, below are other organelles commonly found in eukaryotic cells. Comparison of structures between animal and plant cells (Table 1.0).
• Mitochondria which makes energy out of food are surrounded by two membranes and have...
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...e cell. Lipids and proteins are the main ingreadiants of membranes.
Works Cited
Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, and Lysosomes. (2013). In Scitable Nature Education. Retrieved December 09, 2013, from http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/endoplasmic-reticulum-golgi-apparatus-and-lysosomes-14053361
Gardiner, L. (2004). Organelles of Eukaryotic Cells. In Windows to The Universe. Retrieved December 8, 2013, from http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/Life/cell_organelles.html.
Simon, E. J., Reece, J. B., Dickey, J. L. (02/2012). Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, 4th Edition [VitalSource Bookshelf version 6.2]. Retrieved from http://online.vitalsource.com/books/9781256902089
Vacuoles. (n.d.). In Boundless. Retrieved December 10, 2013, from https://www.boundless.com/biology/cellular-structure-and-function/the-endomembrane-system/vacuoles/.
Question 1: Briefly describe, in 500 words or less, the normal structure and function of your chosen cell type. In your answer, discuss specific features in your chosen cell type, including cell organelles.
There are many different cells that do many different things. But all of these cells fall into two categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and are larger in size than prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus, are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells. Two of their similarities are they both have DNA as their genetic material and are covered by a cell membrane.
These organelles produce chemical reactions from the energy that the sun gives them. The Golgi complex's structure is made up of many flattened membranes sacs that are surrounded by tubules or vesicles. These are called the cisternae. The golgi complex accepts vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them for usage in the cell.
The location of genomes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes show major discrepancies because they have different levels of cell organization. Due to the simplicity of the prokaryotes, they lack membrane bound organelles such the nucleus. Therefore, genomes of the prokaryotes reside as irregular Protein and deoxyribos nucleic acid (DNA) complex in cytosol (liquid portion of cytoplasm). This area of the cytoplasm is defined as the ‘nucleoid’ (Bauman.R 2004). Unlike Eukaryotes, it does not possess a nuclear envelope.
Eukaryotic cells share several distinguishing features, such as: cytoplasm within specialized organelles such as the mitochondria, chloroplast, the Golgi complex, both a rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, a nuclear envelope that isolates DNA from the cytoplasm, and a endomembrane system that provides structure and function to the organelles of the cell. Both the mitochondrion and chloroplast are energy transducing organelles, meaning that they transform energy from one form to another, and are believed to be evolved from free living prokaryotes as held by the theory of endosymbiosis. This theory suggests that infolding of the plasma membrane coupled with the absorption of a prokaryotic cells by other prokaryotes could evolve into a later, more complex and specialized type of cell and is proofed by related morphological features such as between cytobacteria and chloroplasts, and between mitochondria and aerobic prokaryotes. Further substantiation includes mitochondria and chloroplasts reproduction through binary fission like prokaryotes, the presence of DNA in both free living prokaryotes and in energy transducing organelles (apart from in the nucleus), protein synthesis and the presence of enzymes and ribosomes where the ribosomes of prokaryotes are comparable to those in mitochondria and chloroplast,
A)Is incorrect because all cells require ribosomes (Module 14, slide 4) . Ribosomes are important since they make proteins which are part of the basic building blocks of life (Campbell 102).
This article relates to this course about Biology within the cells. This article relates to
The nucleus is a organelle that controls all life activities, especially reproduction. In a basketball stadium, the head coach is like the nucleus. The head coach controls everything that happens especially what his team does. This is how the
The nucleus is one of the most important organelles in a eukaryotic cell. The shape of the nucleus is generally spherical, it should be oval, disc formed reckoning on the sort of cell. The nucleus was found by Robert Brown in 1831 while he was looking at orchids under a microscope. He discovered a blurred area in the cells of the flowers and called it the areola or the nucleus.
A. The formation of eukaryotic cells and its nucleus and organelles occurred due to more complex life. The infolding of the cell membrane created the nucleus and endomembrane system. The organelles formed were the golgi bodies, vesicles, plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum.
Cain, M. L., Urry, L. A., & Reece, J. B. (2010). Campbell Biology. Benjamin Cummings.
Hoehn, K. & Marieb, E. N. (2007). Human Anatomy & Physiology, Seventh Ed. San Francisco, CA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Goodenough, J., & McGuire, B. (2012). Biology of humans. (4th ed., pp. 448-449). San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings.
The nucleus is often the largest organelle found in a Eukaryotic cell with a size of 10-20 un. It is surrounded by two membrane layers which can be identified on the diagram below. Within the nucleus structure are small pores with a size of 100un in diameter. These pores together make up around one third of the nuclear membrane surface area.
Martini, F. H., & Nath, J. L. (8th Edition). (2009). Fundementals of human anatomy and physiology. San Francisco, CA: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.