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The impact of christianity on the transformation of the roman empire
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This essay is going to discuss the ancient city of Jerash (Gerasa) that is in modern day Jordan, with particular emphasis on the Christian community and their churches. Along with the rise of the Christian community in Jerash, there was rapid increase of the building of multiple churches in the fifth and sixth centuries, and why this may have occurred in such a small amount of time. This culminated in the last church being erected just before 611 AD, which was before the city started on a slow decline beginning with a Persian invasion. Next the essay will discuss the Muslim invasion which happened after the Persian invasion and how this impacted on the Christian community within Jerash. Following on from this there appears to have been natural disasters which speeded up the decline of Jerash and the city’s fortunes and ending with the total abandonment by the 12th century.
The name, Gerasa (Jerash) which was how it was written by the Greeks, is a Semitic word. However there have been no traces of a settlement which is older than the Hellenistic
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This would link into the previous paragraph with thanks to the Byzantine Christians, Jerash remained in the fold and helped rejuvenate the city. As well as a little later, Jerash is mentioned by the Bishop Epiphanius of Salamis as the scene of an annual miracle; every year on the day of the Epiphany (January 6th) which was also the anniversary of the miracle in Cana of Galilee, the water of the fountain in the church at Jerash was turned into wine (Crowfoot, 1931, 2). This is important to the history of Christianity in Jerash because it demonstrates that by this time there was a fully functioning Christian community celebrating religious festivals which was noteworthy enough to be recorded by famous historical figures such as Bishop Epiphanius of
Even though the current city is under the church its beginnings were not at all related to Christianity. The old legend tells the reader that two brothers, Romulus and Remus, found the city. In reality group of people settled in the seven hills and the population grew and the Roman population came about (Trauman). From there on the city went under various ruling strategies such as being senatorial republic to finally being under the emperor (Cowling). Then onwards it became the capital of the Roman Empire. Even though the Roman outskirts land was very organized like a grid pattern, this was not the case at the capital. The capital never followed a structure (Kostof 1991). Being built near river Tiber is the only strategy it f...
This paper will employ a close visual analysis of the White-Ground Lekythos, which is attributed to the Reed Painter circa 450-400 B.C.E. on ceramic with paint.
Rose, Mark, and Chester Higgins, Jr. "Of Obelisks and Empire." Archaeology. no. 3 (2009): 26-30. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41781290 (accessed November 24, 2013).
Scheindlin, Raymond P. "The Jews in the Islamic World: From the Rise of Islam to the end of the Middle Ages (632 to 1500)." In A Short History of the Jewish People: From Legendary Times to Modern Statehood. New York: Macmillan, 1998. 71-87.
a city for the Jews to restart in, but as a Pagan city sanctified to the Pagan
Cleveland, William L. A History of the Modern Middle East. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 2000.
vol. 31, New Haven, Conn., Department of Antiquities of the Government of Iraq and the American Schools of Oriental Research, p. 133 (# 56). 1965,
Main Events in the history of Jerusalem. (n.d.). Retrieved May 8, 2011, from Century One Educational Bookstore: http://www.centuryone.com/hstjrslm.html
W. Raymond Johnson, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, (1996), pp. 65-82, Date viewed 19th may, http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/3822115.pdf?&acceptTC=true&jpdConfirm=true
Lewis, Bernard. The Middle East: A Brief History of the Last 2,000 Years. New York: Scribner,
First, the rise of Christianity was a major event that affected many cultures, customs, and especially politics. In the
The old legends say that Romulus founded the city in 753 BC. Romulus was a mythical person, but there is some evidence that the kings who are said to have followed him actually existed.
The Oriental Institute featured an exhibit focused on the development of ancient Middle East Pioneers to the Past: American Archaeologists in the Middle East 1919–20 January 12 - August 29, 2010. And this was the exhibit I found most intriguing and most i...
The ruins of Ephesus can be found today on the west coast of the country of Turkey. Ephesus was a port city for the west coast of Asia during the period of the New Testament. “The city of Ephesus was aptly called the “mother city” of Asia because of her influence over the politics, commerce, and religious atmosphere of the province. Ephesus was the headquarters of the Roman proconsul and the seat of the “Confederacy” of the Greeks in Asia. ” Ephesus had a thriving economy which drew people from the rural areas and poorer cities to it. Ephesus was renowned throughout the world for the temple of Diana (Artemis), for skill in sorcery and magic, and as a destination spot for people from all the surrounding countries. Ephesus was multiethnic and religiously pluralistic. Paul reportedly labored for nearly three years (AD 52-55 /AD 54-57 ) in Ephesus during which time the word of the Lord spread to “all the residents of Asia,” (Acts19:10).
Dissension arose in the Middle East from the great powers trying to directly rule this sacred Holy Land. Russia wanted protection over the Orthodox essence of the Ottoman Sultan. Control of Christian shrines in the Holy Land also became a point of issue, ‘The Ottomans did not...