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Advertising in modern society
Advertising concepts and theories
EXplaining marketing
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Advertisements have been utilized for many years to sell products. The very popular company Old Spice, who is one of the top men’s hygienic production companies, is well known for their series of humorous advertising campaigns that uses references to the ideals of what a stereotypical masculine man is supposed to be characterized as. The Old Spice commercial, “The Man Your Man Could Smell Like” that first appeared during the Superbowl in 2010, illustrates that the company successfully utilizes the influence of humor, gender stereotypes, and ethos and pathos to connect emotionally with the audience and persuades men to start using Old Spice Red Zone body wash so that insecure men can become more of a masculine man that females will desire.
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This persuades women to buy the Old Spice body wash for their man, so that the body wash will make their men more masculine and dominate man, like the “perfect man” example, Mustafa. While the commercial not only reaches out to the “ladies”, but it certainly appeals to men’s emotions also. The Old Spice ad targets the men by signifying a perfect image of what an “ultimate man” ought to be like by using the attractive, physically fit, Isiah Mustafa in their commercial. This strategy is used to make all of the men who feel like they are not up to par feel as if they must do something to change their physical appearance. In a modern society that is filled with gender stereotypes and specific ideas of manliness, men impulsively desire to smell, look, and be just like Isaiah Mustafa, who is a man that exemplifies almost all of the necessary masculine traits that society places on men. This Old Spice commercial targets men emotionally by inferring that they as of now, they are not exactly the man their female spouse is expecting them to be, but if the men start using Old Spice, they will become more desirable to the “ladies”. These advertisements appeal to the men’s emotions and forces them to desire to a masculine man, therefore influencing men to purchase the Old Spice body wash that will intuitively make them a “real
Though Old Spice targets and appeals to females, they do sell men’s hygiene products, thus, also attracting males and running an ad campaign that males can enjoy. The constant lack of shirts is just enough sexual appeal to catch the audiences’ attention, without driving them away. The caricature of the perfect man, easily enacting a variety of roles, is entertaining for females and males. Additionally, the commercial uses quick transitions and repetition to keep the audiences’ attention and to reinforce the association of Old Spice with the ideal man. Old Spice sells their image as representing the perfect man, and hey if you can’t be him, well you can at least smell like him.
In 2011, Dr. Pepper 10 released a new ad campaign. Their new commercial’s primary purpose is to present a soda that is both healthy and still “manly.” In doing this, Dr. Pepper addressed a longstanding notion that Diet Dr. Pepper and Dr. Pepper Zero sodas are inherently unmanly. They attempted to reconcile this societal belief by creating a character that is extremely manly and still enjoys their 10 calorie drink. The average man is the target audience. They were hoping that they could target men that may want to drink more healthy beverages while still retaining their manliness. The character that Dr. Pepper creates to target this audience is a Paul Bunyan type. The actor has a long beard, is very rugged looking and shown being rowed down a river by a bear. The commercial is designed to bring back images of Grizzly Adams.
The “Lynx Effect” originated from ads of a mens fragrance company in Britain, which repeatedly showed average men attracting gorgeous women, just because of the scent of Lynx that the actor in the advertisement was emitting. The Chevrolet advertisement shows Kyle, an average guy, being able to attract “an increase of over %3000” to his dating profile through “trucking up” his profile and adding photos and videos of himself using and around a Chevrolet truck. Just as the Lynx body fragrance was able to get an ordinary guy to become a heart throb for girls, the new Chevrolet truck automatically made Kyle more attractive to girls. The concept behind the “Lynx Effect” is that it wants consumers to believe that “if the product can turn the ‘normal’ male into a magnet for the opposite sex, then it can perform this same feat for the young man in the audience”(Feasey, 2009). So it is clear to see how in the advertisement the “Lynx Effect” is used to target a large consumer base of average men, trying to acquire the same ideologies as Kyle, hopefully for similar
Gatorade has been sponsoring the NFL for many years, starting in 1968. Its involvement with the sport has made the drink known to many today “The official drink of the NFL” (Gatorade). According to Naomi Klein “…the wave of mergers in the corporate world over the last few years is a deceptive phenomenon: it only looks as if the giants, by joining forces, are getting bigger and bigger”(4). And that is exactly what the corporation of Gatorade was trying to carry out. By joining its name with the NFL, which at that time was becoming a famous sport to watch, Gatorade has become the number one sport drink for athletes. In the “Peyton Manning-Gatorade Commercial”, the corporation of Gatorade is not only selling their product, but is also portraying to the audience its engagement with the NFL and its players.
Sporting has been a staple of the Nike brand since it began in 1964 and has remained that way ever since. Recently Nike has launched the “Short A Guy” campaign, with a commercial promoting the cross-sport gear that Nike has to offer. The 90 second commercial follows a boy who’s continually invited to join sports team “short a guy”. This commercial begins at a basketball court when a young boy riding a skateboard is asked to join their basketball team. And throughout the commercial he wears a multitude of Nike gear in order to play each sport.
Why are Gap ads so powerful? The concept of all of their recent television commercials is very simple, yet highly effective. An attractive young person, or perhaps a small group of attractive young people, is on a stark, white set. The actor/ model/ celebrity then sings and or dances around. The commercial ends with a catchy phrase about the Gap: Gap Rocks or Gap Swings, or something similar. It’s a simple concept, but somehow it works. What branding is about for this company is identifying through the elaborate cool-hunting market-research process what it is that the public cares about and are passionate about as a culture, and harnessing that to sell something very different. So it is, in a sense, a betrayal. The Gap's not selling music, they're selling clothing. By examining the institutions, sign systems, subject positions, and mediation used in the advertisements, perhaps an explanation to their success, and why the public allows itself to be duped, can be determined.
Pathos tries to strike and emotional appeal to a brand or product. The ad tries to lure men in that does not really have luck with women. It focuses on a man that is desperate to get the ladies, so it tells them that if they buy this product the women will flock to you. It does that by telling the viewer you will own or accomplish what a woman would want or need in a relationship. Isaiah Mustafa uses great grammar when presenting the product. The words that are used flow together smoothly and he uses great hyperboles to state his standpoint. Men or maybe even women might find this ad alluring, because they want these things in life and if they purchase this body wash they might accomplish those goals in their everyday life. Every person wants to be successful in life, so they might think why not give this body wash a
The Paco Rabanne Invictus fragrance for men advert, published in 2013, seems to portray how a modern male should appear: strong, muscular, and heavily tattooed while women are perceived as relationship-oriented, and eye-candies: a lightweight drapery hides their private parts whilst revealing their forms. Thus, it reinforces gender stereotypes. As Buying Into Sexy points out sex sells, and people tend to be heavily exposed to adds as well as “music videos that feature plenty of sexual innuendo”. That is why humongous corporations “(create) a certain environment of images that we grow up in and that we become used to (in order to) shape what we know and what we understand about the world”, states Justin Lewis in Mickey Mouse Monopoly. So, how is the ideology of masculinity represented throughout this ad? The warrior-esque man is physically desirable, and irresistible to women. Even though the audiences are aware of the existed hyperbole, they might focus on the experienced feelings of smelling good.
Beginning a long time ago, many companies started using sex in their advertisements; however, contemporary advertisements are beginning to use different aspects of nature to sell their products. For years, sex appeal was perhaps the most important attribute of a product. Companies would show young, half-naked bodies in their TV commercials and magazine advertisements. The producers sought to force the public audience to take pleasure by looking at these beautiful ladies, while also making viewers feel naughty at the same time. Advertisers thought the audience would not be able to avoid looking at these well-endowed women. And to consumers, the women were appealing, and that made the product itself appealing. In some recent commercials, however, the concentration has changed from sinful desires to the more healthy approach to life. Everyone wants to appear healthy and in good shape. To achieve this, many people are eating better, working out more often and using healthier products on their skin. To demonstrate the idea about natural products, I have chosen three advertisements to show how these companies use nature to sell their products .
Being a young adult, it is often hard to find that perfect scent. Why must the young woman find her perfect scent? In order to grow and express herself as she matures. Choosing two memorable advertisements, “Daisy” by Marc Jacobs and “La Vie Est Belle” by Lancôme, as options. Both are likeable perfume commercials; however, the “Daisy” advertisement is better than the “La Vie Est Belle” advertisement because it plays lively music, uses vibrant colors, portrays happy actresses, and includes a clear selling point.
The basic strategy of this kind of gender stereotypes is men will ignore the advertisements by paying more attention on woman if the advertiser includes woman’s image, and if they use male photograph in advertisement it will attract more female consumers. Therefore, people will pay more attention on advertisement and then have more possibility to shape positive attitude of that product, or at least, bear that product in mind when they need to consume it (Courtney and Whipple, 1983, p.74). Moreover, it is not only a strategy to attract more consumers, more importantly; it is a method to stand out in a “male-dominated work environment in advertising”, and it challenges the value of patriarchy and “double sex standards” (Fedorenko, 2015, p.476). However, sexy female image are often controversially critique as gender stereotypes of women in advertising. According to Laura Mulvey’s idea of “male gaze”, it points out that female are sexual objects to men to please them in an “erotic spectacle” (1992, cited in Marcellus, 2009). In Sonata’s ad, this woman dresses sexy in order to be a sexual reward, a tool to attract men and accessory of a successful man. This expression of women object to the idea of feminism that has mentioned before, women is independent, and the reason for being sexy and glamour is not to please men and fulfil male’s desire of sex. So, this advertisement provides a negative feeling for women that reinforce the gender stereotypes of women looks sexy in order to satisfy male’s desire of
Dove is a personal care trademark that has continually been linked with beauty and building up confidence and self-assurance amongst women. Now, it has taken steps further by impending with a new advertising strategy; fighting adverse advertising. And by that it means contesting all the ads that in some way proliferate the bodily insufficiencies which exits inside women. Launched by Dove, the campaign spins round an application called the Dove Ad Makeover which is part of the global Dove “Campaign for Real Beauty” what has been continuing ever since 2004 and times print, television, digital and outdoor advertising. As Leech (1996) believed,” commercial consumer advertising seems to be the most frequently used way of advertising.” In which way the seller’s chief goal is to sway their possible spectators and attempt and change their opinions, ideals and interests in the drive of resounding them that the produce they are posing has a touch that customer wants that will also be in their advantage, therefore generating false desires in the user’s mind. Dove is vexing to influence their viewers to purchase products they wouldn’t usually buy by “creating desires that previously did not exist.”(Dyer, 1982:6)
Perfume is important for a woman because its emphasize the style and mood that woman’s wear. A quote by Joybell C, “You are never fully dressed without perfume.” The ideal woman is an assortment of beauty, love, and attraction. Dior and Lanvin produce famous print ads that advertise women’s perfume. In Dior ad, it showed their new perfume called, “‘Miss Dior Blooming Bouquets.” which Natalie Portman partially clad in a wedding dress and she wear a black sexy body suit behind it. The white round shape words are in the middle of the ads, and the pink bottle of perfume is at the bottom. Lanvin’s perfume is called, “Marry Me”. A couple riding a bicycle together having a good time and staring at each other’s eyes which represent love
Advertisement is a form of communication that is intended to persuade consumers or a target audience to purchase or to accept the ideas, products or services. In this advertising, Axe uses the power of persuasion, such as attractive women, style, and images which are the key ideas to the product and fragrance to conjure the consumers’ behavior of the perceived images of the product. Axe was originally created in France in 1983 by a company named Unilever and sold in the United States in 2002, and is now the leader of men’s grooming markets. The brand is focused toward gender and the age of the customer. Its market strategy is aimed at males from their teens to their twenties appealing to a new life style product that would increase their luck with the ladies. Axe deodorant ads gives you the apparent need to smell and feel good, but the means of feeling good is mainly through increased sex appeal. This ad assumes that all males buy deodorant solely for the purpose of getting women, and if you do certain things, like buy this product, then all women will be all over you.
The man has a devilish smirk that shows he is content with his partner’s long hair. Additionally, the ad wants the audience to believe the product will attract men and help women get into a loving relationship. The ad glorifies the idea of women having long, wavy hair and shows that men prefer women with long hair. Garnier advertises that the product will give consumers “stronger hair” which creates a “stronger you”.