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chemistry before and after scientific revolution
antoine laurent lavoisier brief biography
history of modern chemistry
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Antoine Laurent Lavoisier is considered to be the father of modern-day chemistry (Balchin 36). He had an unbelievable impact on the way the world views chemistry today. From identifying elements to discovering the importance of the role of combustion, he played an essential part in the world’s scientific ideas and inventions. He was so influential that he is said to have an equal if not greater impact in chemistry as Newton did in physics (Tiner 90). He used the initial ideas of Joseph Priestley, Henry Cavendish, and Karl Scheele, and worked to prove them and make them more official (Tiner 90). Because of these accomplishments, he is considered one of France’s and the world’s most outstanding scientists (Tiner 91). Antoine Laurent Lavoisier was one of the world’s most influential scientists and people of all time because he was a leading figure in the 18th century chemical revolution, he developed a theory on the chemical reactivity of oxygen, and he discovered the Law of Conservation of Mass.
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier was born on August 26, 1743 in Paris, France. He was the only child of a wealthy middle-class family (“Antoine” Britannia). His father was a very successful merchant (Antoine How). From a very young age, he was very studious and extremely interested and concerned with the prosperity and the good of the public (“Antoine” Britannica). His education consisted of the study of mathematics, the classics, and sciences. He chose to pursue a career in chemistry because of an interest in rocks and other minerals (Balchin 36). Pursuing his gift in education, he went off to college and discovered a passion for law while he was there. After he finished college, he went to law school. He spent much of his time atten...
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... he left a huge legacy. Ironically, two years after his death, people were making statues in honor of him. He left the world with all of his knowledge on oxidation, the periodic table, and work in the chemical revolution. In fact, his naming process is still used today, and his name is used in the title of the modern-day chemical naming system (Balchin 36). Lavoisier had a world impact incomparable to most. He explained in great detail the questions of many scientists, and had ideas and theories that were later proved by other scientists. He is credited for being a prominent figure in the chemical revolution, his work with combustion and the discovery of oxygen and its properties, and discovering the Law of Conservation of Mass. Lavoisier is definitely one of the most influential people of all time, as well as an unbelievable chemist and all around person.
In order to better grasp Lavoisier’s approach, it is important to understand the phenomena behind combustion and calcification. For the first phenomena, he noted how all combustions involved the formation of fire or light. With that in mind, Lavoisier also observed that this combustion occurs only through dephlogisticated air / pure air. Other airs (e.g. carbon dioxide) act as a fire extinguisher similar to that of water. Another combustion phenomenon he outlined was how the weight of the burnt material directly relates to the amount of air used in the reaction. Moreover, he also described how certain substances turn into acids after it has been burn...
and opened doors for later scientists that were in his field of organic synthesis. He was a
In the history of chemistry, there was a chemist who left the world with intense debate about his the merits and demerits. He is the world-famous German physical chemist, inventor of ammonia Fritz Haber. The people who praised Haber say he was an angel, bring joy and harvest to mankind. The people whom cursed him say that he is a devil, a disaster for humanity, suffering and death. Haber was born in Silesia Breslau (now Wroclaw, Poland) on December 9, 1868, his father was a knowledgeable and good Jewish businessman, and this family environment impacted his fate with chemistry. Haber was very talented and mastered plenty of chemistry knowledge at a young age. He went to Berlin, Heidelberg, and Zurich to study. After graduating from the University of Jena, Haber was engaged in organic chemistry research. His paper once caused a sensation in the chemical industry. When Haber was 19, he was granted in Germany, the Royal Institute of Technology Ph.D., and in 1896 at Karlsruhe University as a lecturer. 1901 Haber married Clara Immerwahr and in 1906, Haber became professor of physical chemistry and electrochemistry.
In the 1800s, he proposed a modern atomic model. These lead too many theories which we believe to find true today. Some of his propositions are basic. All matter is made of atoms. Atoms of the same elements are identical. Each element has different atoms. The ideas he created are used for the law of conservation and the law of constant composition. In 1801, he gave a series of lectures that show research about gas and liquids, which was published the next year. His ideas were good enough and accepted during that time, which deserves some gratitude. In 1803, he theorized what is now known as Dalton's Law. It states, “the total pressure of combined gases is equal to the partial pressures of each of those gases separately.” He was able to configure atomic weights from six elements which are hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus—which are commonly known elements. In 1837 he had a stroke which affected his speech for over a year.
In the early 1780s, Lavoisier was very concerned with respiration. He had thought that combustion and respiration were once the same thing. Their name for oxygen was ‘fire air’. They discovered air and water to be identical elements. He designed an ingenious ice-calorimeter to measure the amount of emitted heat during combustion and respiration with the assistance of his great friend, Laplace. This creation had three chambers. Many called him the Batman of Chemistry. The Lavoisier’s also discovered the compound of water. Lavoisier found that the amount of heat needed to break down a compound is the same as the amount of heat given up during the compound's formation from its elements.
Joseph Achille Le Bel was born on January 21, 1847, and raised in Pechelbronn, France where he grew up with four siblings, two brothers and two sisters. He was born into a wealthy family which ran a petroleum business in France.He went to highschool at College de Haguenau in which he graduated from in Paris. In 1865 he was sent to Ecole Polytechniques at the age of 18 in Paris and spent most of his time doing chemical research trying to obtain a chemical education. The same year his father passed away causing his sisters to take over the business in effect letting him continue his studies. He studied chemistry many years, Joseph Achille Le Bel was very very experienced in this field.
Linus Pauling was a creator with astounding intellectual abilities who was also active in many other areas as dictated by his interest and passion. His ideas and research into the nature of chemical bonds significantly changed the way that we understand the world.
Chemistry is a branch of natural science that deals principally with the properties of substances, the changes they undergo, and the natural laws that describe these changes. (University of Idaho, 2014) Molecules, as small as they seem, is in the food that we eat and present in our daily lives. Today, scientists would likely know about the history of chemistry but not how chemistry has impacted history. Many would not wonder if these molecules go beyond the chemistry concepts that they have learned. For example, would the world have been different if piperine (molecule) present in pepper had not led to the discovery of the United States? The interesting fact is that molecules have and will continue to shape the world today. In this book, the authors explain in detail how 17 specific molecules had a significant impact on the history of the world. On a whole, this book is very intriguing and very suitable for chemistry lovers as well as the general public.
Dmitri Mendeleev was one of the most famous modern-day scientists of all time who contributed greatly to the world’s fields of science, technology, and politics. He helped modernize the world and set it farther ahead into the future. Mendeleev also made studying chemistry easier, by creating a table with the elements and the atomic weights of them put in order by their properties.
In chemistry, there are many scientists who have made excellent discoveries, but some stand out among the rest, and Robert Boyle is one of these scientists. Robert Boyle is one of the most important scientists of his time, with many discoveries throughout his lifetime. During his early, mid, and later life, he made some of the most important discoveries that are still used in science and chemistry today. Boyle was influenced by many people throughout his life, including Galileo Galilei, who played in the scientific revolution and was one of the most important people in astronomy. Without his discoveries, science couldn’t and wouldn’t be what it is today.
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier is considered to be the father modern day chemistry. He had a mighty impact on the way the world views chemistry today. From identifying elements to discover...
Louis Pasteur was one of the most important scientists of our time. The foundation of our knowledge about health and disease comes from the discoveries of this one man. He made many discoveries and solutions for problems of the every day life that are still in effect today.
Sir Alexander Fleming changed the world of medicine not only in his days but also in the world today. We have the medicines and antibiotics that we have today because of Alexander Fleming. His discovery was much needed in the world and I hate to think where we would be in the medicine world if he hadn’t discovered penicillin.
Natural sciences have always interested mankind, and throughout civilization, we have sought to discover how the world works. This natural curiosity is best fueled by scientific thought and reason. Science is a constantly evolving area of study, and scholars in the previous centuries sometimes took a mystical view on science, one of these areas of study is alchemy. Many significant men contributed to the study of alchemy. Four of the most prominent include: Albertus Magnus, Cornelius Agrippa, Paracelsus, and Allesandro Volta. Although their ideas are considered erroneous by modern standards of science, they still had important scientific investigations and influenced scientific advancements in centuries to come.
The chemist I did my project on is Humphry Davy. He was born on December 17, 1778.