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Science of roller coasters essay
The theory of roller coasters
One page essay on the history of roller coasters
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The Art of Ride Design With the opening of America’s first roller coaster in 1873, a new innovative market was introduced into the American industrial market. With it came a new set of challenges that pushed the limits of the engineering methods used at the time. Oddly enough though, America’s safest roller coaster ever built was also the simplest; the Mauch Chunk Railway was originally used to bring coal down the mountainside of a Pennsylvania mine. The now unused 2,322 feet of track was re-opened a few months later for the purpose of carrying passengers down the side of the mountain. The rail cars used did not have brakes or an engine; they simply used the force of gravity to take the train and its passengers, sometimes at speeds upwards of 60 miles per hour, down the side of the mountain until it came to a rest at the bottom. “The railway offered spectacular views of the Lehigh River and the Blue Ridge Mountains for the region's visitors to see. The area became a large Nineteenth Century tourist attraction and people came from all over to be thrilled by the M.C.R.” (Sandy). Throughout the ride’s 56-year span of passenger operation, not a single injury was reported. Since the ever-simplistic entertainment methods of the 1920’s, our industrial capabilities have grown in geometric proportions; however the one problem is they have been severely lagged by the safety and control systems that govern them. Recently, however, advancements in computer technology have yielded a drastic improvement in these control systems that have allowed ride designers to design increasingly safer and more reliable ride systems. With the development of the integrated circuit in the late 1950’s, ride designers were opened to a multitude of new c... ... middle of paper ... ...ntee near 100% safety and reliability of both the riders and of the ride itself. What devices and systems that will make this future a reality, however, rests on the shoulders of park owners, ride developers, and researchers alike. Where it will take us is only limited by their imaginations. Bibliography Sandy, Adam “Roller Coaster History – Early Years in America” 1996-2000. http://www.ultimaterollercoaster.com/coasters/history/start/history_early_us.shtml (25 Oct 2002) Reiss, Walt “Roller Coaster Block System” 1986-2002. http://www.coasterquest.com/blocksys.htm (25 Oct 2002) Magnetar Technologies Corp. “Soft Stop Brakes” 2002. http://www.magnetarcorp.com/stop_brakes.html (25 Oct 2002) Althoff, Dave Jr. – Information Technology Media Service Technician – Capital University. http://capital2.capital.edu/admin-staff/dalthoff/index.html (25 Oct 2002)
The result and the final decision court will depend on the laws of that state. While a majority of states has chosen to institute a rule where they hold amusement ride operators and owners to the standard of ordinary care in operating their rides, a growing minority of states, including Illinois, hold those same operators to the duty of utmost care. The importance of a consistent standard for roller coasters is imperative to raising the expectation of safety, thereby preventing many of the accidents that occur every
Woody Allen’s “Crimes and Misdemeanors” interlaces two stories. Mr. Allen established the two themes of the movie in which he explores the importance of God and the indisputable need in this world to be loved. In a better sense, the movie examines how the decisions that individuals make determine their moral universe.
Are charter schools the right choice to the educational needs of our children? Charter schools are tuition free public schools created and operated by parents, organizations, and community groups to fill student’s educational needs. Charter schools consider educating their students as the priority, and identify how children’s learning needs are different from each other, so they came up with different ways on educating their students such as learning in small groups, or by participating in hands on learning. Along with their unique programs such as art, math, and science, charter schools are also the stronger academic choice for students. Parents should consider charter schools for their children’s education. “Charter schools are independent public schools allowed to innovate while being held accountable for improving student achievements” (Edie, 2012, p.1). Charter schools are the best choice for a child’s education.
In a nation dominated by capitalism and free trade, steps are being taken to turn the ability to learn and other education rights into commodities that can be manipulated and controlled by companies. Charter schools are public schools funded by state money, but not unionized; they also can be in the form of a traditional brick and mortar schoolhouse or an online school (Ravitch)(Molnar)(“Preface to 'Are Charter and Magnet Schools Good Alternatives for Students?’”). According to their proponents, charter schools allow parents more sway over their child’s education (Jacoby 77). A charter school proponent Jeff Jacoby states, “Their goal: to build the kind of school that used to be commonplace in America-one providing a rigorous, traditional, fact-based
Charter schools are gaining more support every year. President Obama said: “These learning laboratories give educators the chance to try new models and methods. That can encourage excellence in the classroom and prepare more of our children for college and careers,” during his Presidential Proclamation of National Charter Schools Week. But this kind of education doesn’t have the same sort of support from everyone. There is negativity that...
...hools perform better than public schools? No, no and no. the numbers retrieved in research do not lie. 83% of charter schools are doing no better and even worse than public schools. Charter school teachers are 132% more likely to resign willingly from their positions as a teacher than teachers from public schools. Multiple cases of charter school owners misusing large amounts of money, not just any money, but your earn hard-earned cash. The fact that competition is not helping anything but widening a gap between reality and general copouts. There is no morality in limiting sources to a select few students. The solution lies in the expansion of widespread resources to all students. Put the money and effort in to the general cause of public schooling. If it is not broke, why try to fix it? Charter schools are not the solution to the problem, but the fuel to the fire.
The ongoing crisis in Syria is in many ways to blame for the problems facing Lebanon, but it is certainly not the cause of them. For decades Lebanon has been headed down this road. The recently deceased Muhammad Chatah, two weeks before his assassination, said it well: “We lurch from crisis to crisis, with superficial calms in between.”
Founders of charter schools affirm that they increment learning opportunities greater access to a better quality of education. Advocates say that charter schools provide a system of accountability for results within public education, and improve public education throughout higher academic demands.
Imagine again the one-size-fits-all clothes store, how can they stay in business if another store offered all kinds of sizes and styles? Simple, they couldn’t, in the face of competition that provide a better choice for consumers. The traditional public school system of the past had no competition. There was no incentive to improve the quality of education they provided since there was nothing to measure it against. The school choice movement for the first time introduced an alternative to poorly performing public schools. Charter schools make a commitment or charter, to achieve a measurable level of educational performance in a defined period of
No other goal, including academic achievement, is mentioned more often (Bulkley). These schools recognize the fact that the current “one-size fits all” public school system is failing at providing students, especially those of poverty, the opportunity to learn and have scholastic achievement and success. They realize that simply “throwing money” at a problem of this magnitude does not promote change, and they understand that their freedom from the current bureaucratic system provides them with an opportunity to address this problem at the source, and develop specific innovative solutions that can have a direct impact on student learning and achievement. As previously discussed, charter schools can utilize this increased freedom and innovation in a variety of ways, but the most importantly, they can use it to develop a school that is designed and tailored for their specific community and group of students. There are nearly 6,000 charter schools nationwide (nscl.org), and nearly every single one of them looks completely different from the next. For instance, some schools run six days a week, some double up instruction in core subject areas like math or reading, some have mandatory after school programs focused on character development, some have incredibly harsh punishments
As the world continues to change and people’s beliefs continue to evolve, the schooling system has been the one thing that has remained constant throughout history and that is not a good thing. Charter schools are more advanced public schools that prioritize the students and identifying what they’d like to learn and how children’s learning needs differ from one another. Not only are charter schools more catered toward the student populous, they are designed to give students more time in the classroom working with the curriculum and trying to boost student achievement. Public schools in essence are primitive and have become outdated; public schools have been designed to just have the
In actuality, most studies comparing charter schools to other public schools have had inconclusive results. Plus, charter schools can vet for better test takers as their students. Charter schools are a boon to the education system, sucking federal dollars away from state schools. If they are not screening for the students they want. They are under supplying their students and staff for more profit. Education is the architect of change. The education you have will influence the change you make. Everyone deserves an excellent education, and frankly charter schools do not reliably provide that. Therefore they should be fixed or eliminated. Stand up for a good education, stand up for change, and fight back against the the problem that is charter
Syrian intervention was the saver for Lebanon from the war. Lebanese civil war was bloody war and complex conflict, which lasted for more than 16 years and 7 months in Lebanon (April 13, 1975 - Oct 13 1990). Additionally, the roots of the conflicts, comes from the political compromises in the French mandate time over Lebanon and Syria. It returned to appear because of population (demographic) change in Lebanon and the Islamic- Christian religious conflict, as well as rapprochement between Syria and Israel. There was brief stop to fighting in 1976 for the Arab summit and then returned to complete the civil conflict . South of Lebanon was the center mainly, and it was dominated at the beginning by the Palestine Liberation Organization, and then Israel occupation. The war ended with the deployment of the Syrian army, which was approved, by the Lebanese government, the Arab summit and the international community . Researches say that, The Syrian intervention may saved Lebanon from the war but it damaged it economy.
I have always been fascinated by carnival rides. It amazes me that average, ordinary people eagerly trade in the serenity of the ground for the chance to be tossed through the air like vegetables in a food processor. It amazes me that at some time in history someone thought that people would enjoy this, and that person invented what must have been the first of these terrifying machines. For me, it is precisely the thrill and excitement of having survived the ride that keeps me coming back for more.
Amusement parks are by far one of the most thrilling places on earth. As you wait in a long line to get in park, you can hear numerous kids, adults, and tourist shouting off the top of their lungs due to a tremendous jaw-dropping drop on their beloved roller coasters.