This essay will look into a health policy that is related to reducing smoking in the UK. The essay will also look into explaining different approaches and policies. This includes the latest strategies and researches that are being used by Department of health to support the policy.
This health policy is discussing and trying to reduce the amount of people smoking in the UK. Cigarette smoking is the single most cause of illness and premature death in the United Kingdom. The issue that this policy by Department Of Health (2013) is trying to tackle is that smoking causes nearly 80,000 deaths in England during 2011. Also each year there is 9,500 children bought into hospital with illnesses related to second hand smoking.
Research done by ASH (2010) shows that it costs the NHS £2.7 billion a year to treat diseases caused by smoking. The NHS also spends over £5 billion to treat illnesses and help smokers quit with their advisers, counselling and treatments. NHS (2013) have worked out that treating cancer caused by smoking has had a cost of £0.6bn a year, also it has costs £1.5bn to treat long term lung conditions. With the development of this policy and the NHS stop smoking campaigns, Ash (2013) say the NHS save an estimated £380 million a year. This is because of thing like the ban on tobacco advertising and the stop smoking services that has left fewer people smoking.
ASH (2013) says when research was started on smoking in 1948 the amount of men smoking in the UK was 82% and 41% in women. These stats stayed consistent the 1970’s, where it dropped to 51% for men and 41% for women. From 1974 to 1990 the amount of men smoking dropped to 30% and 26% for women. In modern times starting from 1990 there has been a slow increase in smokers, ...
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...king is the main cause for shorter life expectancy for youths living in deprived areas. This is why stopping adults smoking first will help children. Children smoke more easily depending on their parent’s views on smoking.
A well-structured health policy is on that has the power to instantly be effective and appeals to people all from different backgrounds. Research is carried out a lot by different organisation and certain procedures need to be put in place to make the research valid and able to use in the policy statements. After this all the information for policies has to be analysed and judge on by different authorities and approaches.
Since smoking amongst people increased in the 1970’s policies that have been made to reduce smoking have been helpful and have had an effect. The amount of smokers in males and female shave decreased slowly in the past few decade
In many respects men and women are quite similar in regards to smoking. There are still slightly more male smokers than female smokers (29% and 28% of all adults respectively) Two thirds of men and women would like to stop smoking and equal proportions try to stop smoking each year. New evidence indicates that men and women succeed in stopping smoking at the same rate. However, interesting patterns emerge when analyzing the reasons why men and women smoke, their motivations to stop, the process of stopping smoking and the barriers they face. It is important to understand these differences so that effective smoking cessation strategies can be developed. Most important are the different psychological and physical dependencies men and women with their smoking.
Over the years, the partnership between health ministers and health groups has produced some very substantial gains on the subject of tobacco use. Smoking bans that were thought of as radical 20 years ago are now commonplace. Public awareness of smoking risks has never been higher. And our new Tobacco Act sets a world standard for anti-tobacco legislation.
This essay is aimed to explore, analyse and discuss smoking in adults. Smoking is a public health issue as such is one of the major contributors to high mortality and ill-health in the adults which is preventable (Health and Excellence Care (NICE) (2012). The United Kingdom (UK) is known to have the highest number of people with a history of smoking among people with low socio-economic status (Scriven and Garman, 2006; Goddard and Green, 2005). Smoking is considered a serious epidemic in the UK and the National institute for Health and Excellence Care (NICE, 2012) stated that 28% of adults with low economic status are tobacco smokers compared with 13% of those with economic status or having professional incomes. Furthermore almost 80,000 people died in England in 2011 as a result of smoking related issues and 9,500 admissions of children died due to being second hand smokers (WHO, 2005). This essay focuses on definition of smoking, the aim is to underline the relationship between smoking and the determinants of health and then, the size, prevalence, and morbidity trend of smoking will be explored. Furthermore, some public health policies introduced to confront the issues around smoking will be investigated and finally, the roles of nurses will identify health needs the public so as to promote good health and their wellbeing.
In 2013, approximately one in every five adults in the United States were current cigarette smokers (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). To put this number into
Through public education, most elementary school kids can understand that smoking is bad for them and that cigarettes are additive. Cigarettes are addictive due to nicotine, a drug found in tobacco (“Quitting Smoking”, 2015). According to Schneider (2016), some of the greatest health problems associated with smoking include: lung cancer, other cancers, coronary heart disease, other heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, other vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, pneumonia, influenza, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), prenatal conditions, and sudden infant death syndrome. As stated by the Authority of the American Lung Association in an article titled “Health
(House of Commons Health Commitee , 2009) There are many factors that lead to poor people having unhealthier lifestyles than those with higher incomes, for example, a lot of people do not have access to healthy foods whether because of where they live or just the fact that healthier foods are not as affordable for them as more unhealthy alternatives. Another contributing factor to unhealthy lifestyles is smoking. In Scotland, smoking prevalence amongst the most deprived tenth of the population is 43%, this is 19% above the national average and a massive 34% above the prevalence among the tenth most privileged. (ASH Scotland, 2011) This shows that the more impoverished the individual, the more likely they are to take up smoking and potentially damage their
Guess what? Even children who live in a smoking environment are influenced to become a smoker as they grow up; smoking has a huge impact on our younger generation as they are negatively influenced by this habit and we as adults are responsible for it. Many people don’t know this is a serious issue but they regard it as normality.
“Americans spend $80 billion on cigarettes per year.”, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If we were to ban smoking in public, then people would not have as much time to smoke because most people’s daily live is too busy. This would reduce how many cigarettes they smoke each day, which will then lower the cost smokers spend each year on cigarettes. If people would stop spending money on cigarettes, then they could save that money and put it towards something positive, like a vacation, paying off a debt, or just treating yourself to a nice dinner once a week. Cigarettes do nothing but harm people and do not deserve Americans money that they worked hard
Cigarettes are one of the most common killers known to mankind. Cigarettes kill about 6 million people every year, and that number isn’t going to go down in less we do something about it. Smoking in the twentieth century killed only 100 million people, whereas a billion could die in our century. There are several more reasons why we should ban cigarettes, and I am going list them.
Smoking is a simple process of inhaling and exhaling the fumes of burning tobacco, but it has deadly consequences. According to the American Cancer Society, smoking is the most preventable cause of death in America today (Encarta, 2002). Until the 1940?s, smoking was considered harmless. It was at this time that epidemiologists noticed a dramatic increase in the cases of lung cancer. A study was then conducted between smokers and nonsmokers to determine if cigarettes were the cause of this increase. This study, conducted by the American Cancer Society, found increased mortality among smokers. Yet it was not until 1964 that the Surgeon General put out a report acknowledging the danger of cigarettes. The first action to curb smoking was the mandate of a warning on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission (Encarta, 2002). In 1971, all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces (Encarta, 2002). Now in some cities smoking is being completely banned from public places and workplaces and various people are striving for more of these laws against smoking.
One of the biggest problems that people are faced with on a day-to-day basis is cigarette smoke. The sole cause for 480,000 deaths each year just in the United States is accredit to cigarettes(CDC). For a lot of the smokers the habit of smoking happens to assist them when under stress and dealing with issues that are unmanageable. Some smoke to appeal to their peers or simply because it “feels good.” Smoking one cigarette can lead to a major addiction. The effects of smoking hurt oneself and those amongst us. Smoking Kills as the ad portrays this revolver and cigarettes as the bullets, and also lists the side effects of smoking. Cigarettes causes cancer, increases the risk of you getting a stroke, highly addictive and causes a lot of health problems. Nearly 16
The smoker also helps 500-1000 non smokers die each year from lung cancer and cardiovascular disease . Moreover, the person to the children developing asthma and allergies.
Almost 80% of the worlds smokers are lower middle class to lower class. (who.int) This statistic that was taken from the World Health Organization, W.H.O., shows that around the globe it is the less educated making these choices.
Effects Of Smoking In Women Until fairly recent times, smoking was considered to be exclusive to men. They were seen smoking at parties, in public places, in offices and even in their homes while their female counterparts watched them indulge themselves. However this is not the case anymore for the last few decades have seen a rapid increase in the rate of female smokers. Figures show that in the year 2000 there were about 25 % and 21 % male and female smokers respectively. Needless to say this has resulted in some serious health problems for women as studies show that over 165,000 women die of diseases that are an outcome of heavy smoking, which includes heart attacks emphysema and breast and ovarian cancers. The fact of the matter is that just as smoking results in dire consequences for men, it produces equally horrific results for women. Most women are however unaware of the fact that smoking can pose health problems such as various different cancers. Not only this but also it can produce bad breath and yellow teeth and nails, which is not a health problem but does add to the overall negative effects of smoking. The following section of the essay will thus take into account the adverse health effects that smoking has on women i.e. breast and ovarian cancer. Studies have shown that smoking advertisements have begun to focus on teenage girls in a bid to increase their sales, while reinforcing the trend in adult female smokers. Experts point out that doing so will result in getting the teenagers hooked on to the habit with the result that they will turn into life-long smokers. It is a commonly known fact that the earlier one begins to smoke; the harder it becomes to quit later on. Thus teenage girls find themselves attracted to t...
Consequently, tobacco which contains many harmful chemicals damages human beings’ health day by day. Although people are aware of the bad effects of smoking, they still smoke for one reason or another. When the current situation is considered, it is clear that smoking which has been spreading all over the world is not only the problem of a country or a territory but the problem of mankind because smoking brings many disadvantages for humans like diseases. I personally believe that it is important to help children remain lifelong non-smokers because they are our hope for a non-smoking future.