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Smoking Cessation Treatment Methods
Tobacco use prevents death
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Recommended: Smoking Cessation Treatment Methods
Abstract
Problem/Significance: Smoking cessation strategies have significantly reduced tobacco use in the general population but these efforts have not reduced rates in individuals with mental illness.
Individuals diagnosed with a mental illness are more likely to use tobacco products than those without a mental illness. Mortality and morbidity are increased in the mentally ill population compared to the general population not because of the mental illness but because of complications associated with tobacco use.Teaching/Learning Need: Learning needs for individuals with mental illness differ from those of the general population due to the neurocognitive deficits seen in many psychiatric disorders. Thus a tailored approach is necessary. Approach
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In addition 16 million Americans are suffering from a tobacco related disease ("Tobacco Use "). Disease and consequently deaths associated with tobacco use are largely preventable and have become a focus of the Healthy People 20/20 initiative. To achieve the overarching goal of reducing illness, disability, and deaths associated with tobacco use, the Healthy People 20/20 initiative is expanding their treatment focus to include cessation programs in the acute care settings. As the initiative specifically mentions at risk populations such as pregnant women and children, the mentally ill population is not mention. This is troubling due to the fact that individuals diagnosed with a mental illness are two times more likely to use tobacco products than those without a mental illness making up 32.4% of all smokers(Lê Cook et al., 2014; Twyman, Bonevski, Paul, & Bryant, 2014). On average individuals suffering from a mental illness die twenty five years before the general population (Prochaska, 2011). These individuals are not dying from their mental illness but rather dying from preventable diseases associated with their tobacco use (Prochaska, …show more content…
Mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar have a significant neurocognitive component where significant cognitive deficits are experienced. Neurocognitive deficits lead to poor psychosocial adaptations resulting in difficulty participating in: social events, activities of daily living, social cognition, and intrinsic motivation (Christopher R. Bowie et al., 2010). Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar are substantially more likely to use tobacco and patients with schizophrenia are more likely to have cardiovascular disease associated with their tobacco use as compared to the general population (Mitchell, Vancampfort, De Hert, & Stubbs, 2015) . Mention how many people are suffering from schizophrenia and bipolar somewhere in the
The report is focused on the effort to define what strategy, method or program is the most effective in producing long-term and positive changes in smoking behavior. The first part of the report deals with the problem the reviewer has to face of sorting through outcome research that is permeated by many methodological deficiencies. The most pervasive problem in the evaluation of the outcome data from smoking cessation programs is the validity of the treatment results.
In order to build an effective health promotion project for the population, individual interventions, challenges, and limitations should be addressed first. The uniqueness of the population is based on the core and fundamental aspects of mental disorders. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) (2009) states that mental illness is incapacitated with multiple factors affecting thought process, association, affect, and ambivalence. These implications, limitations, and challenges must be assessed individually in order to incorporate individuals for participating in health promotion programs. Nursing interventions and recommendations must be tailored to teaching patients how to cope with stress, disease, adherence to medication regimen, and build support
Lesley Stevens and Ian Rodin justified the need of acquisition to the mental disorders’ aetiology in their book “Psychiatry”. They pointed out the fact that psychiatrists need to be familiar with the contribution of a particular disorder in order to make a more confident in the diagnosis. Knowing the aetiology of psychotic disorder is as important as the diagnosis. For the simple reason that psychotic disorders do not have particular tests that can be made for diagnosis; on the contrary, physical illnesses do. Knowing the probability of patients vulnerability to a particular disorder helps in the diagnosis. They gave an example explaining that the probability of having angina is more likely in a 60-year-old male smoker rather than a 30 year-old female non-smoker. Although the causes of schizophrenia remains incompletely reveled, research has shown strong factors that might contribute to the disorder. The factors that increase the risk of schizophrenia include: genetics, environmental factors, and some encephalon(brain) abnormalities.
Objective 10 reads, “Increase tobacco cessation counseling in health care settings.” In 2007, 19.2 percent of visits to office-based ambulatory care settings for tobacco users over age 18 included tobacco cessation counseling. In 2010, the number ...
Because you regularly smoke tobacco, which is one of the most avoidable risk factors for cancer, I wish to inform you of a research article that reveals progression toward understanding the mechanism by which tobacco smoke damages the genome, an organism’s complete set of DNA, and creates the mutations that ultimately cause cancer.
Mental illness refers to a wide range of mental health conditions, or disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior ("Mental Illness"). Mental disorders are commonly left untreated for long periods of time because of the stigma our society has placed on mental issues. This forces individuals with mental illness to self-medication, frequently resulting in addictive behaviors. Persons with mental disorders seek ways to ease their discomfort and suffering. Marijuana can be used to treat an individuals depression or to ease pain. Stimulants can be used to get an otherwise lazy person motivated.
Smoking cigarettes is a detrimental practice not only to the smoker, but also to everyone around the smoker. According to an article from the American Lung Association, “Health Effects” (n.d.), “Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., causing over 438,000 deaths per year”. The umbrella term for tobacco use includes the use of cigarettes, cigars, e-cigs and chewing tobacco. While tobacco causes adverse health consequences, it also has been a unifying factor for change in public health. While the tobacco industries targets specific populations, public health specifically targets smokers, possible smokers, and the public to influence cessation, policies and education.
Smoking is a lifestyle, a habit, and a trend. Smoking has become a social activity among teens, connecting them through the craving of a smoke. Smoking is seen as seductive and cool in the media and movies which influences teenagers to smoke even more. The World Health Organization has stated that “Tobacco kills around 6 million people each year. More than 5 million of those deaths are the result of direct tobacco use while more than 600,000 are the result of non-smokers being exposed to second-hand smoke.” As of April 2016, only 7% of teenagers in the U.S. smoke, but it is said that tobacco use will kill 8 million people annually by 2030. 99% of adult smokers start in their years as teenagers. Smoking is an epidemic that has taken control of people’s lives since 1881 and the media since the early 1900s. Smoking currently kills about 440,000 people a year in the U.S. I feel that it is an issue because it is the #1 most preventable way to die, but people still continue to smoke because of how it looks and how they are perceived as a person if they do. The fact that people become addicted to a trend that will attribute to their death for the sake of being thought of as cooler, is a problem that needs to be addressed.
Although physical health is not directly effected by the status of a child’s mental state, children with mental health problems are more prone to having a chronic health condition, which will follow them into adulthood. Out of all the children with a mental illness forty percent of them have two or more mental illnesses. A child with a mental illness has a greater chance of developing even more mental illnesses as an adult. An adult with one or more mental disorders are less likely to work or participate in the community in a positive light (cdc.gov). The abundant number of children who had trouble in school, getting along with their peers, and shying away from their family because of a mental illness are not likely to be attending further schooling or working in their adulthood. Since these adults do very little there a greater chance that they turn to substance abuse (NHPF.ORG). According to the National Bureau of Economic Research, the population of people with mental illnesses consumes thirty-eight percent of alcohol and forty-four percent of cocaine (dual diagnosis).
Having an illness can have an affect on an individual either physically or mentally. Anyone can be a victim of a mental illness such as, children 's, adults and senior citizens, it is not rare. There are hundreds of different types of mental illnesses and with more to be discovered in the near future. Struggling to accomplish a certain assignment or not being able to speak properly, can all be signs of someone who is suffering from a mental illness. Major depression, autism, anxiety and Schizophrenia, are just some disorders that can affect an individual’s state of mind, and over time if not not cured, it could become highly dangerous, but medications and therapy play a key role in controlling it. For some individuals enjoying life becomes
Many people go about their lives not knowing that they have a mental illness. Some like anxiety and panic disorders are easily spotted some are not if they aren’t talked about you would never know that the person was diagnosed with anything. Some commonly known illnesses would be: ADD/ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), OCD (Obsessive compulsive disorder), PTS (Post Traumatic Stress disorder), autism, depression, and eating disorders like bulimia and anorexia. The lesser known illnesses include: SAD (Seasonal Affective disorder), Schizophrenia, Bipolar and Personality disorders, anxiety and panic disorders. There is also an increase in dual diagnosis, in which the person is diagnosed with both a mental disorder and substance abuse (Alcohol and or prescription or non-prescription drugs). It is estimated that 26.2 percent of the American Populati...
The NSDUH reports that individuals with a mental illness is more like to also have a chronic health condition and are more likely to use hospitalization and emergency room treatment (NSDUH, 2014). According to SAMSHA (n.d.), 50% of Medicaid enrollees have a diagnosable mental health condition. Individuals with a diagnosed mental health condition have health care cost that is 75% higher than those without a mental health diagnosis (SAMSHA, n.d.). For an individual with a co-occurring disorder the cast is nearly three times higher than what the average Medicaid
In the past, mental illness was taboo to discuss and there was fear surrounding the topic. However, remarkable strides have been made in figuring out the causes of the disease and weighing the most effective treatments specialized for each specific disease. According to the American Psychotic Association, “A mental illness is a medical condition that disrupts a person's thinking, feeling, mood, ability to relate to others and daily functioning. Just as diabetes is a disorder of the pancreas, mental illnesses are medical conditions that often result in a diminished capacity for coping with the ordinary demands of life.”
Mental health is just as important as physical health in a person’s life. Mental health is critical to a person’s well-being, their ability to live a productive life and to keep a healthy family and interpersonal relationships. Mental health does not just affect the mind it also affects people’s physical health. Some physical health diseases can cause a mental health disorder and vice versa. Mental health disorders are associated with the occurrence, development, and outcome of some of the today’s most chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. When people go untreated from a mental health disorder are at a higher risk for many unhealthy behaviors such as alcohol and drug use, violent behavior, and suicide.
Mental illness is the condition that significantly impede with an individual’s emotional, cognitive or social abilities (Savy and Sawyer, 2009). According to (Savy and Sawyer, 2009) neurological, metabolic, genetic and psychological causes are contributing factors for various types of mental illness like depression, schizophrenia, substance abuse and progression of condition. An elaborate system known as DSM-IV-TR gives a classification system that acts to separate mental illness into diagnostic categories based on the description of symptoms of illness (Savy and Sawyer, 2009). The exact primarily causes of mental illness are complicated, however, it seems to occur in a psychologically and biologically prone individual, in the trigger of environmental and social stress (Elder, Evans and Nizette, 2007).