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Describe rutherford experiment with gold foil
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Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment
Rutherford started his scientific career with much success in local schools leading to a scholarship to Nelson College. After achieving more academic honors at Nelson College, Rutherford moved on to Cambridge University's
Cavendish laboratory. There he was lead by his mentor J.J. Thomson convinced him to study radiation. By 1889 Rutherford was ready to earn a living and sought a job. With Thomson's recommendation McGill University in Montreal accepted him as a professor of chemistry. Upon performing many experiments and finding new discoveries at McGill university, Rutherford was rewarded the nobel prize for chemistry. In 1907 he succeded Arthur Schuster at the University of
Manchester. He began persuing alpha particles in 1908. With the help of Geiger he found the number of alpha particles emitted per second by a gram of radium.
He was also able to confirm that alpha particles cause a faint but discrete flash when striking luminescent zinc sulfide screen. These great accomplishments are all overshadowed by Rutherford's famous Gold Foil experiment which revolutionized the atomic model.
This experiment was Rutherford's most notable achievement. It not only disproved Thomson's atomic model but also paved the way for such discoveries as the atomic bomb and nuclear power. The atomic model he concluded after the findings of his Gold Foil experiment have yet to be disproven. The following paragraphs will explain the significance of the Gold Foil Experiment as well as how the experiment contradicted Thomson's atomis model.
Rutherford began his experiment with the philosophy of trying "any dam fool experiment" on the chance it might work.1 With this in mind he set out to disprove the current atomic model. In 1909 he and his partner, Geiger, decided
Ernest Marsden, a student of the University of Manchester, was ready for a real research project.2 This experiment's apparatus consisted of Polonium in a lead box emitting alpha particles towards a gold foil. The foil was surrounded by a luminescent zinc sulfide screen to detect where the alpha particles went after contacting the gold atoms. Because of Thomson's atomic model this experiment did not seem worthwhile for it predicted all the alpha particles would go straight through the foil. Despite however unlikely it may have seemed for the alpha particles to bounce off the gold atoms, they did. Leaving Rutherford to say, "It was almost as incredible as if you fired a fifteen-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you." Soon he came up with a new atomic model based on the results of this experiment. Nevertheless his findings and the new atomic model was mainly ignored by the scientific community at the
When and why do you think the subject in the experiment began to "second guess" himself?
In 1977, Dr. Rosalyn Yalow became a co-winner for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the development of the radioimmunoassay (RIA). Unfortunately, her colleague, Solomon Berson, passed away before he could receive his share of the prize. At an early age, Yalow was mostly interested in mathematics and chemistry. However, when she began her studies at Hunter Women’s College in New York, she became fascinated by physics and completed her graduate studies at the University of Illinois. In 1945, she received her Ph.D. in Nuclear Physics at the University of Illinois. Yalow became very skilled in designing apparatus for measuring radioactive substance due to the focus of her research on nuclear physics. She has kindly agreed to this interview in hopes of enlightening future researchers.
Professor Zimbardo created the experiment to help better understand the impact on how a certain situation had on human behavior. Zimbardo wanted to find out how essential good human beings under the right circumstances could turn into evil and sadistic people. He started by placing an ad in the classifieds offering
In finding that people are not naturally aggressive. Milgram now alters the experiment to find out why do people act the way they do. He compiled the experiment to answer, why do people obey authority, even when the actions are against their own morals.
What would happen if there was not the structure and social rules preventing people from acting on the unconscious parts of thought? I think the experiment suggests that we have the capability and do in fact think of all these possible actions to take, without knowing about it until the thought takes hold and we are compelled to take action (or not act).
...experiment, felt that the experiment made such a deep impression on him that he became convinced that “social sciences and psychology, are much more important in today’s world.'; One can only imagine the inner conflicts that were running through his head. After the experiment, he described the mood, “I did want to stop at that time. I turned around and looked at [the experimenter]. I guess it’s a matter of…authority.';
Cooley performed extensive testing on children in an environment that was controlled. In this controlled setting children were told to go into a room and only take one piece of candy. While the children were there alone, they were being monitored by using a video camera. While in the room, the children took more candy than they were supposed to. The test was repeated, but instead of a regular room the children were in a room full of mirrors (Charles Horton Cooley, n.d.). In this specific experiment, most of the children only took one piece of candy. Cooley interpreted these results and saw that if children were able to see their own behavior, they would change because of guilt. He went on the suggest that they only picked one piece because
Before Benjamin Franklin achieved results from his first experiment, he devised a better way of testing his hyp...
The Little Albert experiment has become a widely known case study that is continuously discussed by a large number of psychology professionals. In 1920, behaviorist John Watson and his assistant Rosalie Rayner began to conduct one of the first experiments done with a child. Stability played a major factor in choosing Albert for this case study, as Watson wanted to ensure that they would do as little harm as possible during the experiment. Watson’s method of choice for this experiment was to use principles of classic conditioning to create a stimulus in children that would result in fear. Since Watson wanted to condition Albert, a variety of objects were used that would otherwise not scare him. These objects included a white rat, blocks, a rabbit, a dog, a fur coat, wool, and a Santa Claus mask. Albert’s conditioning began with a series of emotional tests that became part of a routine in which Watson and Rayner were determining whether other stimuli’s could cause fear.
Did you know that rhodium is the rarest of all precious metals? It was discovered in 1803 in London by English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. He obtained the metal from an original sample of platinum ore in South America. The product was a dark red powder that Wollaston treated with hydrogen gas in order to get what we now call rhodium. The element name is derived from the Greek word Rhodon, which means rose-colored (Thomas Jefferson NAF).
So then I got up and opened the cluttered drawers and pulled something out. Not any glittery gel pens or a drawing of a cat. It was a piece of paper. A blank, crumpled, perfect for drawing kind of paper.
Rutherford was one of the first and most important researchers in nuclear physics. Soon after the discovery of radioactivity in 1986 by the French physicist Antoine Henri Becquerel, Rutherford discovered the three different types of radiation. By covering his Uranium with thin foils of aluminum, gradually increasing the number of foils. For the first three layers of foil the radiation escaping from the uranium decreased progressively, suggesting an ordinary law of absorption. More thickness of aluminum, however, had little further effect in reducing the radiation at first, but eventually the intensity of the radiation began to diminish again as even more foils were added. These experiments showed that there were at least two distinct types of radiation- one that is very readily absorbed, which he called the alpha - radiation, and the other more penetrative character which he called the beta - radiation. He also had believed that he had found a third more penetrating radiation. The Frenchman, Paul Villard, officially gave this third radiation. He named it, after Rutherford's first two radiation discoveries, the gamma- radiation. It was these discoveries in radiation that opened the door to the rest of Rutherford' discoveries.
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered radiation which is also known as x-ray in 1895. Radiation is energy turned into waves or particles in
In the first experiment, I had to keep my eyes on the floor while having a conversation with someone. I did this to my mom when I was home for fall break, and she was cooking while I did it. We were talking, and suddenly, I looked down to the floor. She didn’t noticed until a few seconds later. When she finally did, she just asked me what I was looking for, because I always lose things. It was very hard to keep a straight face, but I just said “nothing” and continued to talk to her like it was a normal conversation. I think she gave me a weird look and continued talking and doing what she was doing. This experiment was somewhat effective in my opinion, because our