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For thousands of years, humans have built cities. Some of our oldest cities have managed to maintain pieces of their original characteristics. Other cities have disappeared completely. Devastation from war, famine, disease, and natural disasters has caused many cities that were once bustling centers of civilization to vanish completely.
One of these lost cities belonged to the Anasazi (pronounced "an-uh-SAH-zee") people. The Anasazi lived in Chaco Canyon in New Mexico. They built dwellings along the river that ran through the canyon. For close to 300 years, the Chaco Canyon was the population center of many desert cities. Now, nothing is left of this busy city but ruins. Scientists speculate that drought may have made the Anasazi's food scarce
Meet Aqimioaz. She is an extremely beautiful girl with incredible intelligence and can do things with her brain that no other can. That hot summer day on June 18th 1908, Aqimioaz witnessed her own father abusing her mother right in front of her, she was horrified. Aqimioaz decided with all this power she has, she will help anyone in an abusive controlling relationship.
With urban population growth, both ecological and industrial consequences directly affect those in poverty and the urban poor. Slums usually develop in the worst types of terrain, and lead to flooding, landslides, and fires that destroy thousands of people’s homes. Yet population growth and the amounts of waste created by urban civilizations are also pushed on the hidden faces and locations of those on the outskirts of the cities. “If natural hazards are magnified by urban poverty, new and entirely artificial hazards are created by poverty’s interactions with toxic industries, anarchic traffic, and collapsing infrastructures” (Davis 128).
The example of societal collapse in which I will be making reference to throughout this essay is the Maya civilization. The Maya civilization is, “probably the best known of all early American civilizations.” (Fagan, 1995) It was at its strongest point between AD 300 AND 900. Around AD 900 was the time of its collapse. This civilization was developed in a densely, tropical forest on either highlands or lowlands. Today to visit a Mayan site, people would go to the modern Mexican state, capital city of Merida. This site was once home to the “New World's most advanced Native American civilization before European arrival.” (Diamond, 2009) Over the years there has been many predictions on what had caused the Maya civilization to collapse. At the moment the most recent cause that geographers and scientists have come up with is that climate change may have had a major impact on this collapse. It is said that the rainfall received during the creation of the civilization was a key factor in the continuity of life for the Mayans. This and the addition of societal factors such as religious beliefs, ethnicity and education all had an affect on their way of life, an effect on their societal well-being. Art and architecture that was formed by the Mayans is the foundation for the archaeologists work today. They look at these features and the ruins of the buildings created to depict the kind of lifestyle they lived. Looking at the art and architecture of a specific civilization or community of the past is just one way that can help to inform future adaptations. Another way in which the Europeans received knowledge on the collapse was that they sent out geographers and researchers not long after the collapse to gather as much data and information ...
Evidenced examples of this evolution reside in the Cahokia of the Mississippi valley and the Anasazi of the southwest. The Cahokia society was particularly advanced in the use of tools in agriculture. Their skill allowed for a surplus of resources that fueled the development of trading relations (Salisbury 26). The Anasazi were also skilled in agriculture and utilized a system of irrigation in the desert environment. The intricately planned villages of the Anasazi were home to approximately fifteen thousand people, and these villages displayed their skill in architecture and planning (Salisbury
Nusaybah bint Ka’ab was from the very well know Banu Najjar tribe, in the city of Medina. Nusaybah was the sister of Abdullah bin K'ab, and the mother of her sons Abdullah and Habib ibn Zayd al-Ansari. Nusaybah was one of the early converts to Islam and took part in every treaty as well as participated in several of the wars.
Cities grew simply because that’s where the jobs were. Poor immigrates settled into cites looking for work and often took low end factory jobs to get by. Between 1840 and 1860 4.2 million immigrates moved to the United States, mostly Irish and Germans (Lecture 11). The Irish, who were fleeing the great famine, came to America looking for a new start (Lecture 11). Arriving with little money and no skills, outside of agriculture skills, had to take low paying factory jobs and live in the slums (Lecture 11). The Irish took jobs native American didn’t want like building the railroad and canals, common laborers, servants, longshoremen and factory operators (Give Me Liberty 335). While the Germans who were fleeing political upheaval, arrived with a little more money in their pockets were able to buy land and start their own business (Lecture 11). They established themselves as craftsmen, shop keepers, and farmers and lived in tight knit communities in eastern cities (Give Me Liberty
It was during the time period that Christ was born that the Anasazi Indians appeared in the Four Corners area which is the area where the boundaries of Arizona, Utah, New Mexico and Colorado meet. For the over a thousand years the Anasazi thrived and built their homes into the side of cliffs. These cliff dwellings could only be reached by climbing and made for a great defense system against enemies; some dwellings reached five stories in height and contained hundreds of rooms. Many of the elaborate cliff dwellings and terraced apartment houses built of stone, mud, and wood still stands today and date back to about 9,000 CE, but the people who comprised this desert culture did not begin to settle into an agricultural lifestyle until around
The Anabaptist refuse to kill is it because they are rebels or are people who believe to much in their beliefs to kill, they were believed to be the true christian church. It was a voluntary committee with adult believer who had gone spiritual rebirth and then baptized. Anabaptist were different from the catholics and protestant because they did not baptize their infants, they considered all believer to be equal. Now if I say so myself that sound fantastic. They would choose their own minister or leader.
Pairs has the Eiffel Tower; China has the Great Wall, buildings and monuments have long been seen as ways to capture the essence of a city and the identity that it is known by having them exist there. America for example has many as well which represent constant growth and progression some being the statue of liberty and the then majestic twin towers of New York City. The need to constantly progress and move forward is extremely essential in a city being able to grow if not then you get left behind and begin crumbling doing the opposite and moving backwards. In the novel “In The Country of Last Things” by Paul Auster, Anna Blume is trapped in a city that is never named, never has an exact location, and is shown to be falling apart worse and
would just some of the few cities that future anthropologists would find. The cities of the 21st century might be in ruins, torn down by natural disasters, looted in chaos, and anthropologists might find evidence of mass migration in cities. Anthropologists would likely find parts of Texas, New York, Florida, and California flooded, and cities such as Miami and Houston would be real-life versions of Atlantis. The anthropologists would find huge buildings with unworking elevators, where they would find evidence of financial transactions and rooms where there are racks and torn clothes on the floor. When traveling through cities, they would notice that some parts of the cities were cleaner and more distinguished than others, while other sections of the cities looked run-down. The anthropologists could conclude that the poor and the rich often lived in different parts of cities, but in the end, both the poor and the rich had to flee the cities due to various reasons. Social anthropologists analyzing our remains would question the ties between the economic divide and the social divide between the rich, the middle class, and the
It is crazy to view cities as a living entity, but in a sense, they really are. Cities have two destined fates: prosper for thousands of years or completely cease to exist. Humans attribute to the success or failure of each city. Humans are attracted to move from rural farms to the great big city for better job opportunities, a superior education system, entertainment, and for a sense of protection. However, when the natural resources do not meet the demands of the people, when the cities cannot house all of its inhabitants, there is war or famine, cities perish into ancient ruins, rubble under the ground or into nothingness.
Like many religion of the ancient civilizations, the religious beliefs of ancient Persia were heavily influenced and based on nature itself. During the rise of Ancient Persia, a time also known as the Achaemenid Era, many religion flourished under the rule of Persian kings that encouraged the people of their empire to practice their own cultural and religious beliefs. This approach went a long way to earning the kings the loyalty by propagandizing their benevolence to the conquered people of the empire. During this time, the concept of good versus evil was first introduced by the religion know as Zoroastrianism. Religion of the Achaemenid Era would have a lasting impression on many later religion including many of the modern day (McKay, Hill and Buckler).
Mohammad ibn Zakariya al Razi was born in Reyy, Tehran. Razi was a polymath, chemist, philosopher and physician. He won the title of ‘firsts’ in many of his works such as diagnosing smallpox from measles and discovering chemical compounds such as kerosene and alcohol. Razi served at courts as a physician and was in charge of two hospitals in Reyy and Baghdad. Some of his works under the title of medicine such as “Kitab al- Mansoori”, “Kitab al-Hawi fi al-tibb” and “Kitab al-Mulooki” are used till present and his contributions to medicine are considered to be everlasting. Razi is known to have written around 200 books on subjects such as medicine, philosophy, alchemy, astronomy, theology and logic.
Cities are the central feature of a civilization. The first cities emerged shortly after farmers began cultivating fertile lands along river valleys and producing surplus foods. These surpluses allowed the population to expand. As population grew, some villages expanded into cities. These cities rose independently in the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Ancient cities show several of the same aspects as modern day societies. That is because many of the same features were passed on to allow cities to be able to grow and expand. There are certain aspects that each city requires for it to be considered successful. Cities are only as strong as their citizens allow and to ensure a thriving community, trust and unity must be built within the population. People must be willing to work for and with each other to help the city advance. Of course, to grow, this means the building of trust and unity are required as well.