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THE EFFECT OF OSMOSIS AND DIFFUSION ON POTATO
Ivan Salazar
The Effect of Osmosis and Diffusion on Potato
Anatomy & Physiology Lab 2101-2002
February 7, 2016
The purpose of the Tonicity lab was to help identify the effects of an isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solution to a slice of potato. The difference between diffusion and osmosis is that diffusion is the movement of particles or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of a lower concentration. While osmosis consists of the movement of water molecules through a semipermeable from a region of high water concentration to the region of less water concentration (Major Differences). Tonicity is the ability of a solution to ?alter the internal water volume of a cell? (Difference Between Solution, 2013). An isotonic solution should keep their normal shape; the osmotic pressure outside the cell has the same pressure within the cell. A hypotonic solution, are more dilute and contain a lower concentration of nonpenetrating solutes than cells. In contrast, a hypertonic solution have a higher concentration of
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The reason for the mistake was because of not fully grasping the understanding and meaning of a hypertonic and hypotonic solution when exposed to a cell. After the experiment, I realized how different and important it is to have an understanding of each solution and how it can affect cell when exposed.
The experiment was a successful when fulfilling the expectations of the potato slice within the three solutions being mentioned on the previous paragraphs. The results when the potato slices were submerged in the isotonic solution were not surprising; the potato maintained its proper shape and weight. The hypotonic solution resulted in the potato slice to have a much tougher and heavier texture compared to its original state of form. While the potato slice within the hypertonic solution caused it to be flimsy and
During the lab, I also learned about hypertonic solutions and hypotonic solutions. The hypertonic solution concentration of the cell is less than the outside of the cell. (Trent, 1) Hypotonic solutions have a higher concentration in it than the area surrounding it. Trent, I learned about hypertonic solutions when we placed the egg in corn syrup, which caused the egg to deform and become squished. I learned about hypotonic solutions when we placed the egg in water, which caused the egg to swell.
Investigating Osmosis in Potatoes Aim: Investigate the movement of osmosis through a selectively permeable membrane, in this case potato. Introduction: Osmosis is the movement of water through a semi permeable membrane. The water passes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, until the two concentrations are equal in concentrations of water. Many cell membranes behave as semi permeable membranes, and osmosis is a vital part in the movement of liquids in living organisms, for example, in the transport of water from the soil to the roots in plants.
Conclusion In my conclusion, the potatoes with the lowest concentration gained the most mass, and would become hard relating back to the Turgor theory I stated earlier. In contrast to this, the potatoes in the most concentrated solution lost the most weight thus becoming plasmolysed and limp also relating back to the background I have mentioned earlier. Evaluation In general the experiment was succesful the results were consistent and also were in accordance with the theories made at the start.. The experiment could have been improved by: · More subjects used instead of potatoes · More potatoes · Wider time ranger · Different molarities Using this variety of methods could have improved the experiemnt, however I was generally satisfied with the results of this osmosis experiement.
This occurrence can be explained through the process of osmosis. The increase in mass as well as the increase in turgidity, in the potato tubes immersed in low sodium chloride concentration solutions is understood to be a hypertonic. Since the solution is hypertonic, the water molecules will diffuse into the area of lower water concentration (the potato tube) in order to achieve equilibrium. Alternatively, the decrease in mass in the potato tube submerged in highly concentrated sodium chloride solutions can be explained by its immersion in a hypotonic solution. As sodium chloride solution is less concentrated in water molecules than the potato tubes, the decrease in mass and loss of turgidity results from the net movement of water leaving the potato tube, which is higher in osmotic pressure, and diffusing into the solution.
The experiment is aimed at giving a better understatement of osmosis process and the different conditions in which osmosis occurs.
The third potato chip will be placed in a hundred percent solution. I believe that this will make the potato chips shrivel and become flexible and stringy. This is because there is a higher concentration outside the cells and the water is being taken out to even the concentrations. This is what happens when a plant dies. The water leaves it in osmosis and the plant wilts and dies.
I am going to carry out an experiment to measure the change in mass of
To investigate the osmotic effect of changing the concentration of sucrose solution; distilled water, 20% sucrose solution, 40% sucrose solution, 60% sucrose solution on the change in mass of potato cylinder after 30 minutes of being in solution.
...ore reliable if it were possible to do more trials to make sure that the data that was found was correct. This experiment could’ve been more reliable if some mistakes weren’t made like, the inaccuracy of weighing and measuring the potatoes. This could have affected the results by throwing off all the data and giving numbers that were nowhere near accurate. Another mistake that could’ve been made was the amount of solution put into each test tube. Some of the test tubes may have had to little or not enough of its solution. Some ways to fix both of these problems would be to weigh and measure each potato core more than once which is not what was done. A way to fix the inaccuracy of the amount of salt water put into each test tube would be to measure the solutions into a different container to make sure it’s an accurate measurement, then pouring it into the test tube.
This is because the water molecules pass from a low concentration to a high concentration, (in the potato chip). Therefore, the chips in low concentrations will gain mass and have a greater length height than in higher concentrations such as 1molar of sugar solution. If there is no gain or loss in height or mass then these will be the isotonic points of the potato cells. The isotonic point is where the cells are not increasing or decreasing in size and is known to be in a state of equilibrium. Apparatus: 1.
When I am not using them I will place them away from my experiment and
Determining the Concentration of the Cell Sap in Potato Storage Tissue Aim: To determine the concentration of the cell sap in potato storage tissue. By using Osmosis, determine what the sugar concentration of cell sap is. Prediction I predict that the potato segment in the distilled water will definitely gain in weight because the solution outside it has a much higher concentration of water then in the cell sap meaning Osmosis will occur and the potato segment take in water. I predict that 0.2M sugar solution will also gain weight because it still has quite a high concentration of water outside the potato. The potato in the 0.4M solution will gain weight but the potato in the 0.6M and 0.8M solutions will lose weight.
The potato tubes in higher concentration sugar solution will shrink
When you place a potato chip in a salt or sugar solution, then if the
The filtration experiment was vital to observe the way different sizes of particles diffuse or filter. The charcoal, which consisted of large particles, did not filter through, while the copper sulfate, which was very small in size, dissolved in the water (solvent) and diffused completely. Size is a major component to take into consideration when thinking about diffusion or