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Population policies of china
Overpopulation problems in china
Overpopulation problems in china
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Population Control in China “Vigilantes abduct pregnant women on the streets and haul them off, sometimes handcuffed or trussed, to abortion clinics. [Some] aborted babies cry when they are born (Steven Mosher).” This quotation shows one method how China tries to carry through its population control in a manner which is very cruel and against human rights. We, Western people, do not understand why China needs a population control and why this control has to be carried out so harshly. But why had China to control its population? From 1949 on, Mao Zedong feared war with the United States or the Soviet Union. “China’s millions [of people] were the country’s primary weapon against technologically superior enemies.” The Chinese population grew explosively, with a growth rate of more than 2% per year until 1970. Deng Xiaoping saw the problem in the population explosion and invented the one-child family in 1979. 1981 the one-child policy was introduced nationwide. This policy was effective in the cities, but in the rural areas the goal of minimizing population growth was unsuccessful. But why did the one-child policy work in cities and not in rural areas? The problem in China is the desire for having a male descendant. Every Chinese family wants to have one boy to continue their family name. In rural families the desire for sons is even higher because boys have more workforce than girls, and rural families needed the workforce for maintaining their farms. Because of the urge to have a son, many baby girls were killed or given to orphanages after they were born. In the mid 80s infanticide of girls was so high that the government loosened its one-child policy a little bit for rural families. According to the new policy, rural famili... ... middle of paper ... ...ingly to the Chinese Prime Minister Zhu Rongji (1999), “China will continue to enforce its effective family planning policy in the new century in order to create a favorable environment for further development.” The one-child policy will probably be carried out until 2050. Bibliography: Xiaokang, Su; Xue, Yuan. “The humanitarian and technical dilemmas of population control in China.” Journal of International Affairs, Winter 96 http://www.indiana.edu/~easc/pages/easc/curriculum/china/1995/geography/lessoon6/rl.htm http://www.pop.org/china http://www.geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa092799.htm?once=true& http://www.hhs.se/EIJS/anomaly/COneKid.htm Graham, Hutchings. Modern China; A Guide to a Century of Change. Cambridge: Harvard University Press,2001 Robert E., Gamer. Understanding Contemporary China. Boulder and London: Lynne Rienner, 1999
In 1979, China decided to establish a one child policy which states that couples are only allowed to have one child, unless they meet certain exceptions[1].In order to understand what social impacts the one child policy has created in China it important to evaluate the history of this law. China’s decision to implement a Child policy has caused possible corruption, an abuse of women’s rights, has led to high rates of female feticide, has created a gender ratio problem for China, and has led to specific problems associated with both the elderly and younger generation. Finally, an assessment of why China’s one child policy is important to the United States allows for a full evaluation of the policy.
In communist China, prior to the population boom, more people meant more manpower to create more economic prospects for the communist nation. The communist government condemned birth control and banned imports of contraceptives (Attane, 2002). Lack of birth control, and government encouragement led China into a time of vast population increase. Hundreds of millions of extra children were born in a baby boom that sent the birth rate soaring to 5.8 children per couple, a level considered unsustainable (Cai & Lavely, 2003). With an increasingly growing population, food sources began to become depleted, and soon it became clear that the rate of reproduction needed to be decreased. To begin, government propaganda cropped up, pushing the sloga...
...ild if they so desire. This sounds amazing and many people were thrilled at the thought of people being able to have another child but financially that’s impossible. Having to support your parents for an unknown about of time is a huge obligation. Many Chinese families are in massive amounts of debt and adding another child to that is simply not possible. The Chinese government saw a problem but tried to fix it the wrong way. They have succeeded in controlling their population but in hindsight they have created a problem much more problematic to the Chinese culture. Having way more men than women is only going to cause sex trafficking, selling of brides, and prostitution rates to rises. Homosexuality may even become more accepted in Chinese culture as an end result to the huge gender imbalance. China will never be the same and the worst is yet to come.
China’s One-Child Policy was introduced 35 years ago on September 25, 1979, by the Chinese Communist Party. Deng Xiao Ping wrote in an open letter to limit the population growth in china. This policy constrains every couple in China to have only one child. Couples with a supernumerary child without a permit will be fined thousands of dollars or be forced into abortion.
One could say that the one-child policy was unacceptable policy for China. In 1949 the Chinese communist leader, said, “people are the most precious.” One of Mao’s early goals was to catch up economically with richer countries like the United states. In the late 1960s he introduced the slogan “Late, Long and Few.” The idea was for couples to marry late, wait a long time before having children, and then, when they did have kids, have only a few (pg. 499). So one might ask, was the one-child policy a good idea for China? The one-child policy was a bad idea because, it created social problems, affected women’s health , and it also affected the economy.
When the leader of China was Chairman Mao, formerly called the People’s Republic of China, the crude birth rate fell from 37 thousand to 20 thousand . This is when the One Child Policy First Started. Infant mortality had declined from 227 per 1000 births in 1946 to 53 per 10000 births in 1981, as well the life expectancy had a major increase from 35 years in 1949 to 66 years in 1967 . Until the 1960’s, the china government was encouraging families to have as many children as they can to raise population. This was because of Mao’s belief that a large population is what empowered the country; this was what started the preventing of emergence of the family planning programs that were earlier in China’s development. The population then had a major growth from about 540 million in 1949 to 940 million in 1976 . Then Beginning in 1970, people were strongly encouraged to get married at a later age and only have two childr...
In the 1940s, China viewed promoting a larger population as a positive improvement for political strength and to improve economic development. Consequently, in the mid-1950s, China realized it “hindered economic development.” They then concluded the government of China must regulate population control in order to solve a majority of their problems (Rile...
Feng Wang and Cai Yong stated that the fertility rate was already declining and the policy wasn’t necessary for the Chinese people, especially because of the enormous costs. The fertility rate, which is the number of children the average woman has in her lifetime, in China started at 2.7 in 1979 and decreased to 1.7 in 2008. The article “China’s One Child Policy at 30” argued that the policy did not need to be introduced in China because the rates were already lower than Brazil at 4.2 and Thailand at 3.6.
Bountiful amount of people simply think of the One Child Policy as China’s law to keep the population in control. Yes, it is the China’s policy that’s made to keep the population in control, but not only that, the Chinese government has forced many unwanted abortions as well as sterilizations.The forced abortions not only cause depression to the parents but also cause social problems in the country as well. There are 38 million more guys than girls. Child trafficking is now playing a tremendous role in the sense of crime as well. In addition to the pressure from the government, Chinese traditionally believe that guys play a bigger role in the society and therefore many families desire their child to be a boy. This tradition obviously causes abortion when the family finds out tha...
China's population reaches over 1.2 billion people, which makes up one-fifth of the world’s total population. In retrospect, China’s land mass is similar to that of the United States, but China has 4.5 times more people. However it is no surprise that overpopulation has become a concern for the Chinese government. Due to the rapid population growth, the economy began dwindling causing the poverty level to rise. This, unfortunately, left a plethora of people unemployed. Realizing these issues needed to be fixed, the government took immediate action. Deng Xiaoping, the leader of China, implemented the One Child Policy in 1979. The consequences of this decision was long yet to be discovered. However, though it helped slow the population growth, other problems started to arise. Consequently, the country ended up with over thousands of brutal abortions. The roots of this issue date back hundreds of years, and is still considered a contemporary issuet today. Regardless of what country, what year, what race or gender; people have always held strong feelings about this idea of contraception. Abortion is a form of birth control that is widely known and used. It is a contemporary issue that is notorious for causing grave debates. The conception of birth control is the main perpetrator of China’s abortion epidemic. As birth control laws were being enacted, women were involuntary forced to abort their child in order to sustain normal population numbers. This massive abortion epidemic flooded China as leaders forced one-child policies on the citizens and completely changed the people’s outlook on birth control. This idea of a one-child policy took away many of the peoples freedoms, allowing the government to have one hand ...
There has been a long history of China’s one child policy, since it was first introduces in 1979 by a Chinese Leader Deng Xiaoping (Rosenberg n.p). The law was meant to be temporary and used to control the population; however it is still in use today (Rosenberg n.p). When the policy was first enforced, it only allowed one child per family , but it was recently changed to allow couples to have two children but only if either one of the parents is an only child (William n.p). If ,someone were to break the policy their punishment would result in fines. Forced abortions, abandonment, and infanticide are some of the things people are doing so that they do not have to pay these fines.
Over population has been a global issue for decades. Medical advances have made it possible for people to live longer and have multiple births, which are just some of the factors contributing to this social problem. Many countries have attempted to battle this issue, but none as intensely as China. China allows the government to have full control over family planning to help reduce the population. In 1979 China created a policy called the "One Child Law" which limits couples to only one child. Although the Chinese government hopes to curb the population boom and benefit society, the One Child Policy has morally questionable results, negative impacts on Chinese society, which should be changed.
Population control is a very dangerous and serious case. Population control is controlling parents to not have a lot of children for the problem of population. This is important because it helps the country the country to decrease its population. Population control is actually a great crises that a lot of countries now a days have and try to solve it. Population control is a huge problem because it increases the country’s population and makes the countries recourses way more available to poor people. The rule was even in the United States in 1814 by Andrew Jackson, Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States of America. He actually started the policy the opposite way, he wanted the country’s population to increase so the army would have more soldiers. In 1962 the Communist Party of China and the State Council issue instructions advocating birth control. In 1975, the government creates the policy, it was named “advocating one couple to have one child at best and two at most.” The policy was marvelous and had great progress that in 2013 the National Population, Family Planning Commission and the Health Ministry announced that couples can have a second child if any of the parents is an only child.
(Worldometers) Back in the early 1970’s, the Chinese population was rapidly approaching the one billion mark, and that was not a good thing according to Chinese Communist leader under Deng Xiaoping (Encyclopedia Britannica). Therefore, because this was not ideal for their country, a central committee of the Chinese Communist Party put forth a voluntary program that encouraged families to have no more than two children, but no more than one preferably, to help reduce/slow down the rising population. The high demand for this policy to be enforced grew until the 1980’s when the policy was officially enforced throughout the country, starting on September 25, 1980, stating the families could have no more than one child, and if they did so, there would be precautions to take they wouldn’t
A country is said to be overpopulated when the number of people in an area exceeds that area's resource capacity to sustain human activities at a decent standard of living.(1) When the population cannot be maintained without rapidly depleting nonrenewable resources or converting renewable resources into nonrenewable resources quickly enough, measures must be taken either to control the population or increase the area's resources. The People's Republic of China experienced a population explosion after World War II that sent its population doubling to 550 million in 1950. The country's growth of 14 million per year is equal to a new Australia every year.(2) With the rapidly developing population situation, the Chinese government implemented many policies to curb the population growth. Many of such policies raised issues surrounding the repression of freedoms and the demeaning of human rights. This paper will outline the various reasons for China's population growth, it's impact and the various governmental policies to control population.