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Analyse how theories of motivation may be applied in the practice of leadership
Job stress and its impact on job performance
Job stress and its impact on job performance
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According to Parkinson’s Law the growth in the number of managers and hierarchical levels is controlled by two principles: (1) “An official wants to multiply subordinates, not rivals,” and (2) “Officials make work for one another (Parkinson 14).” Hence, managers are building an empire for themselves, a tall hierarchy. The higher the empire increases, the higher the managers position become in the organization.
One of the main reasons why managers create subordinates is to decrease the load of their work. Even if their heavy load of work is real or imaginary, sometimes it is due to their own decreasing energy or getting older. There are three possible solutions to this dilemma, the manager (1) can resign, (2) request a partner, or (3) request subordinates. If managers resign, then they will lose their pensions. If managers request a partner that is on their same level in the organization, then they will be bringing in competition for promotion to the next level. The only logical and beneficial solution for them is to request the assistance of subordinates, which will divide the work among their subordinates. Then, the manager will be the only one to understand the subordinate’s work as a whole. To create a visual:
“Suppose a manager called A, request two subordinates called C and D. When C complains in turn of being overworked (as he certainly will) A will, with the concurrence of C, advise the appointment of two assistants to help C. But he can then avert internal friction only by advising the appointment of two more assistants to help D, whose position is much the same. With this recruitment of E, F, G and H the promotion of A is now practically certain (Parkinson 14).”
The draw back to this solution is that manager A wi...
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...e the mental stress is always present then it spills over into your personal life. This type of stress can ruin marriages as well as destroy relationships with your kids if you allow it to consume your life. If there is not a balance and your quality of life suffers everything will fall around you including your performance at work.
Also, it can be a tough and often thankless job. You may have to deal with a variety of personalities and often have to make do with limited resources. It can be a challenge to motivate workers in the face of uncertainty and chaos. And managers may find it difficult to effectively blend the knowledge, skills, ambitions, and experiences of a diverse group of employees. Finally, as a manager, success typically depends on others’ work performance.
Works Cited
Parkinson's Law
Organizations and the Business Environement
Management
Marriottt's organizational structure subordinates in each department will take orders from the manager of that particular department,
Goldmann, David R., and David A. Horowitz. American College of Physicians Home Medical Guide to Parkinson's Disease. New York: Dorling Kindersley Pub., 2000. Print.
Have you or anyone in your family experienced unusual tremors in your head or any part
Management is the ability to get a job done using appropriate processes, models and systems to achieve an objective. Managers think radically, abide by principles, rules and use experience in their respective fields to make things work. A good manager goes about the ordinary activities such a staffing, organizing, planning (Robert, 2007). The very ability of his/her colleague to discover the uniqueness in each of the subordinates, capitalize on it, harnessing the best out of them to accomplish goals clearly distinguishes such a person as great when compared to others. Great managers develop people and enthusiastically transfer acquired skills to others, work progress is constant and usually by leaps and bounds. In addition, a great manager outlines and strategizes his/her team for project plans such that there is a “buy in” on delivered commitments. In contrast, the former just transfers the required skills to subordinates; work progress is notable, vice versa of the latter. Rupert Murdoch of the News Corporation is ...
Parkinson's is an idiopathic, multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that attacks neurotransmitters in the brain called dopamine. Dopamine is concentrated in a specific area of the brain called the substantia nigra. The neurotransmitter dopamine is a chemical that regulates muscle movement and emotion. Dopamine is responsible for relaying messages between the substantia nigra and other parts of the brain to control body movement. The death of these neurotransmitters affects the central nervous system. The most common symptoms are movement related, including shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement and difficulty with posture. Behavioral problems may arise as the disease progresses. Due to the loss of dopamine, Parkinson's patients will often experience depression and some compulsive behavior. In advanced stages of the disease dementia will sometimes occur. The implications of the disease on the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory and phonatory systems significantly control speech.
Parkinson Disease There exists a group of people who live the final years of their lives in glass boxes. They are perfectly capable of seeing outside, but incapable of reaching out to the world around them. Their emotions can not be shown through facial expression, and as their condition continues, speech also becomes difficult or even impossible. These people are men and women of all races and geographical areas, constituting one percent of the world’s population over 50 years old.
Parkinson disease (PD), also referred to as Parkinson’s disease and paralysis agitans, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the third most common neurologic disorder of older adults. It is a debilitating disease affecting motor ability and is characterized by four cardinal symptoms: tremor rigidity, bradykinesia or kinesis (slow movement/no movement), and postural instability. Most people have primary, or idiopathic, disease. A few patients have secondary parkinsonian symptoms from conditions such as brain tumors and certain anti-psychotic drugs.
James Parkinson first discovered Parkinson's Disease in 1817. Parkinson's Disease is a common neurologic disorder for the elderly. It is a disorder of the brain characterized by shaking and difficulty with walking, movement, and coordination. This disease is associated with damage to a part of the brain that controls muscle movement. Parkinson's Disease is a chronic illness that is still being extensively studied.
Many people around the world today suffer from Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders. A movement disorder is a disorder impairing the speed, fluency, quality, and ease of movement. There are many types of movement disorders such as impaired fluency and speed of movement (dyskinesia), excessive movements (hyperkinesia), and slurred movements (hypokinesia). Some types of movement disorders are ataxia, a lack of coordination, Huntington's disease, multiple system atrophies, myoclonus, brief, rapid outbursts of movement, progressive supranuclear palsy, restless legs syndrome, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, tics, Tourette's syndrome, tremor, Wilson disease, dystonia, which causes involuntary body movement, and Parkinson's disease. Parkinson’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome, and tics are one of the most widely known of these disorders, known to impair people of movements and rob them of their lives.
The girth of the status pyramid decreases as the amount of power increases. There are more people allowed to handle the basic functions of the bureaucracies. The greater the responsibility or task, the less number of people are needed to handle it; in one or two person's hands lies the responsibility and ability to control the matter. This hierarchal approach makes getting things done quick and easy. In fewer words: "The buck stops here."
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease affecting about 1 million people in the United States today (14). It is second in prevalence only to Alzheimer’s disease, with 1% of the population over 60 years old and 5% of the population over 85 years old with the disease (18). The average age of onset of the disease falls around 60 years old, but about 15% of people are diagnosed before age 50 (1). Although it is known to be a disease of the substantia nigra in the basal ganglia of the brain, the mechanisms producing the associated symptoms are yet to be discovered. Today, many of the therapies available to patients are developed
Long – term stress can even require the brain, leaving you more vulnerable to anxiety, and depression; it can be a main cause of moodiness and frustration. Many of us are aware of the physical symptoms of stress-muscle pain, rapid breathing or an increased pulse. At the same time, they also suffer from emotional of stress which can be like roller coaster of highs or lows. emotional effects rang from emotional overeating to a feeling of being overwhelmed and pressure. stress impact many other components, which leads to difficulties in making decisions, loss sense humor, poorer concentration, negative thinking. As can be seen, stress nearly brings serious effects to people. Apart from the effects above, it can be the main reason which creates your decreased productivity at work. stress makes people less control their pace work, which leads to dissatisfaction. about 40% employees said that they are burned out because of work-related stress and loss $300 billion each year in the workplace . In addition, your relationship with people around also become worsens because of your stress. In fact, stress makes people puzzled and their life can undergo a considerable
Stress on individuals can bring numerous numbers of health problems, for example; heart disease. Researches have declared that having stress increase heart rate and blood flow, and causes release of cholesterol and triglycerides into the bloodstream. Another example is the Alzheimer’s disease, stress could potentially worsen Alzheimer’s disease causing its brain lesions to form more quickly. Individuals should be aware that being stressed could lead to major problems in the long run, but with the proper care and staying positive could help prevent further damages.
Parkinsonism: - Parkinsonism is a disorder of extrapyramidal system, characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural disturbance. Parkinson’s disease (Paralysis Agitans) Parkinson’s disease (PD) most commonly affects person over the age of 55 year, and is characterized by: bradykinesia, rest tremor, rigidity and postural instability. (At least two of these and a response to levodopa should be usually present to make the diagnosis). The substantia nigra has two parts, the pars reticulata (made up of nonpigmented cells) and the pars compacta (made of pigmented neurons).
To excel in the workplace, the expectations of an employee include more than what they do physically. They also include the mental and social aspects, particularly if that employee is expected to work with a diverse set of individuals to complete certain tasks. After all, all types of people seek out employment and discrimination in the workplace is unacceptable since all people deserve a chance to work for a living. Each individual has the responsibility to not only be able to work with others, but to make working with each other a pleasant experience so as to make teamwork and communication easier.With all parts of a company working smoothly, the success of the overall company is assured.