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4 types of chemical reaction flashcards
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Metal Ore
An ore is any kind of rock or mineral from which a metal can be
profitably extracted. Metals are rarely found uncombined (as elements)
in nature. They are nearly always present in the forms of compounds,
often where the metal is chemically joined with oxygen. Only the most
unreactive metals, like silver and gold will be found pure. The most
common metals are oxides and sulphides. Ores are rocks from which we
extract metals. Metals are found naturally in rocks called ores. They
are in compounds, chemically bonded to other elements. However, the
unreactive metals are at the bottom of the reactivity series can be
found as the elements themselves. We say they are found native. We can
find copper, silver, gold and platinum as the metals in nature.
What factors do companies consider when deciding whether to extract a
metal from its ore?
There are many different factors that the companies will look for, a
few of them are:
- How much will it cost?
- How to extract the metal?
- How much the metal will be worth etc.
What are the three methods of metal extraction?
Given that most metals are only found locked up in their ores, but how
do you go about getting them out? For a few metals, such as mercury,
heat will do the trick. But for most ores the temperatures needed are
far too high to make this a practical possibility. Another approach is
needed. There are three methods of extracting metals from their ores,
these are:
- Electrolysis
- Heating with carbon monoxide
- Roasting in air
Depending on the reactiveness of the metal, looking at the reactivity
series, you can tell how each metal can be extracted.
What is meant by oxidation and reduction in the context of metal
extraction?
You can use oxidation and reduction to describe chemical reactions
that combine with oxygen or you can use it to describe the electron
transfer. At this stage, you probably just need to concentrate on the
In World War II the soldiers used a jelly-like substance, called “red vet pet” to prevent themselves from the sun. Finally, Benjamin Green combined this substance with cocoa butter and coconut oil, which created the new line of Coppertone suntan cream. Coppertone has come a long way, to make their product better. As they changed the product, the advertisement changed over the years to appeal to the audience. Although both of these advertisements are being presented to get people to buy Coppertone, the modern day advertising is more appealing than 1944 advertisement; the modern day advertisement has a better focal point, action, general feeling and mood, selection of elements, and audience.
For example, gold mines could be found in places like Macedonia while copper mines could found on the islands of Delos or Eretria. Also, it is important to note that bronze is a mix of tin and copper so it can not be mined directly from the earth. These metals were primarily used for the production of arms and currency during this time period. These metals were often found through underground mining, also known as deep vein mining. This type of mining was tedious and could only be done through excavation and tunnel building. These tunnels eventually emptied into galleries where ore was obtained, washed and melted. There was often a “relay of miners carrying ore out on their shoulders” while other times wheeled carts were used. Another type of mining was surface mining where ore surfaced in streams or on the ground and collected. An example of surface mining is placer deposits where streams broke up the ore and the dense pieces would settle at the bottom. The Greeks were very intelligent and could tell the “affinity for one type of metal for another” or would follow the placer deposits to the source. Because of the presence of water previously, sometimes the mine was forced to be abandoned because of the lack of control of the water. The Romans attempted to counteract this by digging drainage adits to divert water and filtering the water by percolation. Slaves would often carry the water away with
Aluminum is the most abundant metallic constituent in the crust of the earth; only the nonmetals oxygen and silicon are more abundant. Aluminum is never found as a free metal; commonly as aluminum silicate or as a silicate of aluminum mixed with other metals such as sodium, potassium, iron, calcium, and magnesium. These silicates are not useful ores, for it is chemically difficult, and therefore an expensive process, to extract aluminum from them. bauxite an impure h...
The symbol “As” from the periodic table, belongs to the chemical element Arsenic. Its located in group 15, period 4, and is clasificat as semi-metals. Arsenic’s atomic number is 33, and has a density of 5.776 grams per cubic centimeter. Arsenic melting point is 1090 K (817°C or 1503°F) and the boiling point is 887 K (614°C or 1137°F). The element specific gravities are 1.97 and 5.73, they are respectively to his two solid modifications: yellow, and grey (or metallic). Arsenic’s appearance is steel grey, very brittle, crystalline, and is classified as a semi-metal since it has properties of both.
Nickel is one of the most important elements on the periodic table. It has plenty of history, as well as a huge importance to society. Its has unique chemical, physical, and geological properties. Nickel is used commercially in abundance, as it is used anywhere from simple art products such as ceramics to complex structures such as tubing for desalination plants. It is even used in the American five-cent coin, the "nickel".Nickel was discovered by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt, in Sweden, during the year 1751.
Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. Because it is so common, iron has been used by human society for thousands of years. Iron was known and used for weapons in prehistoric ages, the earliest example still in existence; a group of rusty iron beads found in Egypt, dates from about 4000BC. This period in history was given the name Iron Age because it was the time when people found ways to get iron and to use it for building tools and weapons.
Cadmium, symbol, Cd, is a silvery white metallic chemical element with a faint blue tinge to it. It is the fifty-seventh most commonly found element in the earth. It was discovered by F. Stromeyer, in 1817, in Germany. Stromeyer was studying a sample of zinc carbonate which separated into a the new element ultimately called cadmium. The only cadmium materials, greenockite (cadmium sulfide) and otavile (cadmium carbonate) are found in zinc oxide and zinc carbonate.
In Chemistry, Neodymium is one of the 118 elements found on Mendeleev’s Periodic Table. An element is a substance that is made entirely from one type of atom and is then advantageously placed in the periodic table which categorizes all elements of the universe. Neodymium was discovered to have a “twin element” and is used for anything from high-powered fans to cellular phones.
All over the world are different locations where you can find this precious jewel, Africa being the main location. How do we get diamonds out of the earth you ask? By MINING them!!! The definition of Mining is the act, process, or work of removing ores, coal, etc. from a mine, glacial deposit, etc.
Whether its commercially mining a rare ore from the ground or recreationally panning a black silt by hand, everyone likes to see the glimmering flour gold or even a nugget of gold. There are many ways of extracting the precious treasure from the earth. Panning by hand is a method used for prospecting and recreational gold hunting. Gold panning is a technique used to separate fine material form gold using water and a particular technique. A commercial mining operation may use a gold pan to prospect an area before bringing in larger more expensive mining equipment.
Uranium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth, a German chemist, in the mineral pitchblende (primarily a mix of uranium oxides) in 1789.Klaproth, as well as the rest of the scientific community, believed that the substance he extracted from pitchblende was pure uranium, it was actually uranium dioxide (UO2). After noticing that 'pure' uranium reacted oddly with uranium tetrachloride (UCl4), Radioactivity was first discovered in 1896 when Antoine Henri Becquerel, a French physicist, detected it from a sample of uranium. Today, uranium is obtained from uranium ores such as pitchblende, uraninite , carnotite and autunite as well as from phosphate rock , lignite (brown coal) and monazite sand . Since there is little demand for uranium metal, uranium is usually sold in the form of sodium diuranate , also known as yellow cake, or triuranium octoxide).
Gold, nothing can compare to this precious metal. A symbol of wealth and prosperity, it has been a value for explorers and adventurers and a lure for conquerors. Today it is vital to commerce and finance; popular in ornamentation, and increasing importance in technology.
In our days, mining for resources is inevitable. The resources we need are valuable in everyday life. Such resources mined up are coal, copper, gold, silver, and sand. However, mining poses environmental risks that can degrade the quality of soil and water, which can end up effecting us humans if not taken care of and many of the damages are irreversible once they have occurred.