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How did China and Korea influence Japan during medieval times.
-The imperial government built a Chinese-style capital on the site of modern city Nara.
-Nara’s Buddhist temples were another result of cultural diffusion, Buddhist began in India in 500s B.C.E. about 1,000 years later, it came to Japan from China by way of Korea.
-Ancient Japanese was only a spoken language. The Japanese had no writing system of their own. Written documents were in Chinese, a language the Japanese had learned from Korean scholars.
Prince Shotoku and Japan’s changing government.
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Japanese Samurai-What did they wear? What weapon did they use? How were they physically and
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mentally prepare for battle? -A samurai went into battle with heavy armor,under the armor he wore a colorful robe called kimono and baggy trouser. -Box like panels of armor covered the samurai’s chest and back. -Samurai fought with bows and arrows, spears and sword, a samurai’s wooden bow could be up to eight foot long. -Samurai had to learn self-control so they could overcome emotions that might interfere with fighting ,especially the fear of death. Samurai code of conduct. -The code of Bushido government a samurai’s life, it called on samurai to be honest, fair, and fearless in the face of death. -Samurai were expected to value loyalty and personal honor even more then their lives. -The price for failing to live up to the code 0f Bushido was seppuku, or ritual for suicide, there are many reasons for seppuku, including preserving personal honor and avoiding capture in battle, samurai might also perform seppuku to atone for a crime, a shameful deed. -Some samurai killed themselves when their loads died, as a form of protest against a wrong or an injustice, or to shame their lord into behaving better. The Heian period and Japan’s golden age. -Rank was highly important during the Heian period, a person’s rank was determined almost completely by what family he or she came from. -The nine main ranks were divided into classes such as senior and junior,upper and lower, in all there were some 30 subranks. -During the Heian period, artists continued to be influenced by Chinese art. Gradually, however, sculptors and painters created their own Japanese styles. -The Heian period was a period full of Golden ages. One of the Golden ages was when Japan made there own language, before they use Chinese writings brought from Korean soilder. Samurai Study Guide How Did China and Korea influence japan during medieval times? bronze casting advanced ironworking confucianism Buddhism imitating chinese government 604 emperor was sole ruler Nara was similar to Chang’an borrowed chinese characters they borrowed sculpture ideas from Japan and Korea Prince Shotoku and Japan’s changing government- Prince Shotoku came to power in 593 when cultural influences from the Asian mainland had been reaching Japan for hundreds of years. He served as regent for the empress, his aunt Suiko. A regent is someone who governs a country in the name of a ruler who is too young or otherwise unable to rule. But Shotoku became so popular. During the seventh and eighth centuries, Japanese adopted the Chinese style of government. Prince Shotoku also issued guidelines called Seventeen Article Constitution. The constitution said how the emperor is the supreme ruler of the country, like how a person doesn’t have two masters. Japanese Samurai- what did they wear? What weapon did they use? How were the physically and mentally prepared for battle? The samurai wore the Kimono and men usually had an outer and an inner layer. They wore armor that was made of rows of small metal plates covered in lacquer which was really light and easy to move in but when it gets wet the leather or silk soaks up the water and armor gets super heavy. They also wore a helmet and they put on ferocious looking masks to scare opponents. Samurai most likely used a sword. They liked sword fighting since they really valued the sword. The sword was also used as a sign of their rank during that time, and after that they still wore swords to show their rank. The samurai were physically and mentally prepared for battle. They meditated and they willed themselves to thinking they were already dead so they did not care if they died once more. Samurai also used the bow and arrows to attack from a range while on horseback. Samurai also had to learn how to use a staff Samurai code of conduct- The samurai code was bushido in the 17th century. Bushido was the “Way of the Warrior.” It called on samurai to be honest, fair, and fearless in the face of death. They were expected to value loyalty and personal honor even more than their personal lives. While they did not want death, they always accepted. They always served their lord. Samurai without masters are called ronin. They were usually a problem. The heian period and Japan Golden age- For most of the 8th century, Nara was Japan’s imperial capital. During this time, contacts with China brought many new cultural ideas to Japan. Then, in 794, the emperor, Kammu moved the capital to Heian-kyo. This was the start of the Heian Period, which is often called Japan’s Golden Age. How did Buddhism spread into Japan? How did Buddhism and Shinto blend together? Buddhism started in India in the 500 BC. About 1000 years later, Buddhism came to Japan from China by the way of Korea. That means, that it started in India, and spread to China. From there, it went to Korea, and then spread to Japan. The two religions blended together although they are almost opposites. Shinto expresses Japan’s love and respect for nature. They worship kami, which are spirits of natural objects, such as wind and lightning. Shinto also celebrate life and the beauty of nature, which also means the celebration living and being alive. On the other hand, the founder of Buddhism, who is Siddhartha Gautama teaches Buddhists that life is full of pain and suffering, and taught that life is an endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. In order to end this painful cycle, people must meditate a lot and become enlightened. And once they become enlightened, they can enter nirvana, a state of perfect peace. Once one person achieves nirvana, they will never be born in the pain and suffering of rebirth. Japan was introduced to Buddhism when a Korean king sent the Japanese emperor a statue of Buddha and a recommendation for a new religion. Although the Japanese accepted the new religion, it still kept Shinto, but they blended the two together. Ceremonies for birth and marriage come from Shinto, the joyful religion. And funerals ceremonies are Buddhist, shows pain and suffering. Describe life within Heian-kyo. How was the city designed? How did the people live?- Heian-kyo was laid down in a checkerboard pattern like Nara, and it was greatly influenced by Chang’an, which was a Chinese city. It also had a wall, which was also influenced by China. It became the first true Japanese city. The architecture was Japanese though. Today, it is called Kyoto. Daily life was very formal, and correct manners were very important. Rules were also very important. How did the fujiwara exercise their power?- The fujiwara married many of their young daughters into the royal family. They also made sure that sons of Fujiwara royal wives were chosen to be emperors. Second, The fujiwara acted as advisors to the emperor. In reality they had more power then the ruler they guided. They often coaxed older emperors to retire so that a child or youth could take the throne. Then the Fujiwara ruled as regents in the young emperor’s name. Social rank during the heian period- Rank was highly important. A person’s rank was determined almost completely by what family he or she came from. Being born into a high-ranking family mattered more than personal qualities or skills. There were 9 ranks in the Heian society. Nobles were the first 3 ranks. Less important officials filled the 4th and 5th ranks. The last 3 ranks were minor officials like clerks, farmers, and doctors. The 9 ranks were divided into senior and junior classes, upper and lower. So, there were about 30 subranks. The folds in their fans also determined their rank. The color of clothing also determined their ranks. How was military rule established in japan during the 12th century- There was a Shogun, He gave land and money to Daimyos in return for military service. The samurai fought for the samurai their whole life. There was also an emperor but he had no real power only symbolical power. The real power lied in the hands of the shogun. The daimyos were basically mini shoguns. Essay Question: The similarities were greater than the differences between samurai and knights because they had similar training, had to be loyal to their masters, and had similar ranks in the social system and many of the same relationships with others. Samurai and knights were similar because they had similar training.
Document C states that trainees did physical training, poetry, and spiritual discipline in school. They also studied Kendo, the moral code of the samurai, and Zen Buddhism. At age 14, the trainees officially became samurai in a ceremony called genpuku. On the other hand, knights began at age 4 or 5 with learning to ride a pony. Then, he would be sent to serve as a page to his father’s lord at age 7 or 8. There, he practiced with wooden and blunted swords. They also practiced with riding a horse and religious practice. At age 14, they could become a squire. Squires were obligated to fight other men, and help his master knight. If a squire had approval from the knight, they could become a knight themselves. This shows that knights and samurai had a similar training when they were younger. Document E proves that they had to live a similar lifestyle. Samurai followed bushido, which was the way of the samurai. Bushido said that they had to serve their master, be loyal to their friends, and devoting himself to his duty. Knights were obligated to follow chivalry, which said to do no bad deed, be loyal to the king, to give mercy to those who want it, and to be courteous to women. Therefore, samurai and knights both had similar
training. Knights and samurai had to be loyal to their masters. Document B shows that loyalty was mandatory to knights and samurai. Samurai had to be loyal to their feudal lord and that it was passed from father to son. This was voluntary because there was no legal law that proved that the samurai had to be loyal to the feudal lord. They always served the feudal lord for honor, land, and regular payment. Knights served their feudal lords when they pledged loyalty and military service, in order to gain a fief of land. It was also not hereditary. This proves that they had to be loyal to their masters. Document E proves that they were loyal to their masters. Bushido, the way of the samurai, states that samurai must have loyalty to their masters and to put duty first. Chivalry, they code of the knight, states that knights must be loyal to the feudal lord and that pain or death would be caused if they lost knighthood. Therefore, samurai and knights both had to remain loyal to their masters. Samurai and knights also had similar ranks in social classes and many of the same relationships with others. Document A proves that they had similar social classes. Samurai were below the daimyos, who were feudal lords who often fought each other. They were also above the peasant farmers, who were about 80% of the population. It also states that samurai were warriors who owed loyalty and military service to daimyos for land or regular payment. Knights were below the lesser lords,, who received land from wealthier lords and owed military service. They were also above the artisans and merchants. Knights were warriors who owed loyalty and military service to lords for land. Document B shows the relationship between the feudal lord and the samurai or knight. The samurai had give his loyalty and military service to feudal lords, just like knights. The feudal lord gave the warrior land. In Japan, it was hereditary, meaning that it passed through generations. So, samurai and knights had similar ranks, and relationships with others. In conclusion, samurai and knights had more similarities than differences. They have more similarities because they had similar training, they had to be loyal to their masters, and they had similar ranks in the social system and many of the same relationships with others. So, samurai and knights were both honorable warriors who were brave and courageous. What factors contributed to the end of the Heian period? In what ways can Heian influences be seen in modern Japan? The Heian Period was often considered as Japan’s Golden Age. Heian-kyo was known for the beauty/fashion, sculpture/painting, and writing/literature. It was also known for the social position, entertainment, and how it fell.
Even though knights and samurai have many similarities, they have their differences. Knight’s armor and weapons were different. The knights also had different training. Lastly, they followed different codes. The little differences that set knights and samurai apart give knights an advantage in a one on one
A samurai warrior was a member of a powerful Japanese military. On the other hand, a knight warrior was a man of noble birth who after a couple stages, would be raised to honorable military rank. While knights and samurais have many similarities, in a one on one battle, the advantage would be to the samurai and this can be seen in their armor, beliefs, and their training techniques. The first way that samurais have an advantage is with their armor. In document D written by Terry Bennett it says that the knights have pure metal on them which weighs from 40-60 pounds.not only do the knights have tons of weight, but they also put armor on their horses which slowed them down a whole lot.
As learners of Europe and Japan, the question “ who would win a battle-a samurai or knight” is commonly kept in mind. A samurai and knight are similar in many ways. A samurai would mostly win the battle because they have better weapons, armor, and training. While knights and samurai have many similarities, in a one on one battle, the advantage would be to the samurai and this can be seen in weapons, armor, and training.
According to Document C “Japan Memoirs of a Secret Empire”, talks about how the samurai and knights both started training at a young ages. The knights started training at ages 4-5 a little earlier than the Samurai who started training at 6-7. The Samurai training only lasted until they were 14 unlike the knights whose training lasted until they were 21. Although, the samurai training was shorter they still covered all the important areas. They also had similar armor and both consisted of metal. The samurai had a little bit more movement in their arms, but the armor was used for the same reasons, protection. Document D by Terry Bennett says, “Samurai did not wear armor on their right arm so they could easily draw their bow.” These similarities were significant because without these things both classes would lose the battle every time, and if they didn’t have armor they would get killed, and these similarities is one of the reasons the two groups are so alike. Both of the classes were so a like that’s it’s hard to acknowledge their
First of all, training methods of knights and samurais were different. Samurai had various training for personal toughness at the battlefield.
Japantown, in San Francisco, is an ethnic enclave to the Japanese who migrated to the US and it is a space created by themselves for themselves to practice their old traditions and remind them of home. The Kinokuniya building in Japantown is home to many generations of Japanese and they would often celebrate traditional festivals and more than often there are many subculture groups within the Japanese here in San Francisco. One subculture that is evident is the Ikebana group located in Japancenter where they display flower arrangements called Ikebana. Being an outsider, the need to observe and research is very important to understand this art form flourishing in San Francisco. The empirical evidences I have gathered allowed me to dwell deeper into the history of Ikebana and the Ikebana group as well as the importance of this group to its fellow members.
Japan lasted from 1185-1603. During that time Japan had emperors, shoguns, daimyos, samurai, and peasants who were all apart of a social class, and all together it was called the Samurai Society. The emperor was just a figurehead for the shogun. The shogun was a powerful military leader that ruled in the emperor’s name. Daimyo were powerful landlords. The daimyo often led armies of samurai. These samurai were trained professional warriors who served daimyo and shoguns. The samurai had to follow a certain code of rules for samurai called Bushido. One of their rules included to always have self-discipline to become a good samurai. The samurai warriors wore light armor, helmets (usually shaped like an animal), and had two swords around their waist. Their armor had a lot of detail and color to it, like their unique helmets. After the samurai comes the peasants, which included farmers and fishermen. They usually always work, then pay takes to the shogun. They usually gave the shogun what they earned from working like food or crops. What made their jobs a bit difficult was their topography. Japan’s topography included many mountains, undersea volcanoes, and barely any flat land to farm on. The Japanese didn’t only work they also practiced their religion. For example, they practiced Confucianism, Buddhism (...
Samurais take the #1 spot for their combat adroitness, they were the champions in the fields of battles. Samurais were not only skilled warriors of battle, moreover they were influential leaders for their armies. The only weapons and armor the samurais took into battle were only two swords, leather plated armor, a helmet, and bow with proper training. Unlike other nations, anyone could become a samurai, no one was obligated to stay with families or to continue jobs their parents did. One of the biggest things samurais followed was there code of conduct, called Bushido “the way of the warrior.” Along with other individuals with authority, samurais had much authority as well; They had to keep peasants in check, check up on the harvests, and most importantly, keep their Daimyo(Lord) save from invaders at all costs. When disrespecting or showing cowardness to their Daimyo, it lead to bringing great shame and dishonor to the samurais whole family. When samurais become dishonorable they often end up leaving and becoming a ronin. Ronin’s were mainly mercenaries that carried out assassinations, spy missions, and sabotage. Although samurais have already come to an end, many still worship their fallen ancestors, some still study the basic practices of samurais to always keep a basic understanding of the training they went through. Along with well skilled warriors, some showed their level of skill not on the battlefield, rather on a piece of
Japan’s education system was based off of their religion and everything that was Europe had something to do with their religion. But there were still even more differences to be had about religion. First of all, they had completely different religious practices. Zen-Buddhism, the religion of Japan, was taught to trainees in a samurai training school. They taught the trainees to keep inner-peace whilst on the battlefield (Document C). This example shows that Japan directed most of their religion into their education system. Japan used their schools to teach their religion to children at a young age, but pages were taught at an even younger age. Peasants that wanted to be a knight would have to become a page at the age of four or five. Pages were taught to receive religious instruction and how to fight. At the age of about fourteen a page became a squire, who was taught to show mercy if asked (Document C). This shows that Europe incorporates most of their religion, Christianity, into the battlefield. This civilization taught children, aspiring to be knights to incorporate religion into their decisions on the battlefield. The different codes was very influenced by religion
The Japanese warrior, known as the samurai, has played a significant role in Japan's history and culture throughout the centuries. Their ancestors can be traced back to as far as can be remembered. Some stories have become mysterious legends handed down over the centuries. In this report you will learn who the samurai were, their origins as we know them, how they lived and fought and their evolution to today. It will be clear why the samurai stand out as one of the most famous group of warriors of all times.
The samurai are a type of warrior class in Japan similar to the European knights. They were not only used as soldiers for combat in war but they also replaced the court government in terms of managing the local government. They pledged to keep the peace and stay loyal to their master. This is how they were used for most of history until the end of the Tokugawa period. Their rise all begins in the Kamakura period.
I chose to compare and contrast the United States culture with the culture in Japan. There are a few similarities between the two, such as a love of the arts, fashion and baseball. However they are more culturally different than similar in very major aspects.
Samurais started when they are born, Knights started at 4 or 5. Samurais started off by doing poetry and spiritual discipline, knights learned how to ride a pony (at the age of 4 or 5). The samurai's did physical training and spiritual training but knights did physical training. They both became an official at different ages. A samurai became an official at 14 but a knight became an official at around 21. A knight became a squire but the way he became a knight was he gained approval from a knight. When the samurai became official they had a ceremony but a knight didn’t. They also used different weapons a samurai used a katana (sharp on 1 side) and was light and easy to use. The knight used a broadsword (sharp at both sides) it was heavier but was powerful. There were female knights and samurais but female samurais didn’t fight on the battlefield they were prepared to protect their homes against invaders. Samurais and knights were
...e respect, honor, and loyalty make this difference for me, but there is something to be said about the comparison. I find that the knights are very efficient, great warriors, and are very similar to samurai’s in a lot of ways. They both wear armor, they both train from a young age, and both are taught about honor, loyalty, and respect; but samurais are taught more effectively in their training, and the Japanese concepts were better. So to answer the essential question of this essay, I would say that there is certainly a large amount of similarities between the two warriors, but if you would consider the samurai’s skills that are better, or enhanced; to be differences, than I would have to conclude with no. The ‘differences’, are far too great in my opinion to say that the similarities are so great that they are almost the same, because they are very different indeed.
There are many historical aspects of the Japanese, but the most interesting is the history of the Samurai. In Japans history war played a large role in the country. Controlling clans fought for parts of the land and overall control of the country. These clans were powerful families that resided in the country and who all wanted power and control of Japan for themselves. The families that would be in control were known as Shoguns. These shoguns would have warriors that fought for them if any of the other clan families would try to attack him in order to overthrow him and take his power from him. The Samurai followed a code that developed from Chinese beliefs when in battle. The Samurais code was known as the Bushido. This code was also known as “The Way of The Warrior” which was the main belief s...