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The secret history of the mongols summary
Genghis Khan life and achievements
Analytical essay on the mongols
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Throughout the years many historical events have been created into TV shows and movies. Often times the movies or real life events are not always historically accurate to create a more interesting plot. The same applies Sergei Bodrov's interpretation of Genghis Khan’s life in the movie "Mongol". While many of the names, people, and events are accurate; there is a great deal of discrepancies portrayed throughout this film. Everything from dates to events has been exaggerated to make for a more interesting movie. Very little is known about the actual events of Temujin and Börte’s early life; most of what is known comes from The Secret History of Mongols (Cleaves).
Temujin was born in 1162 to Yesügei, the chief of the Yakka Mongol tribe, and would
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In 1201 Jamuqa was chosen as Gurkhan and formed and army to attack Temujin and Wang Khan. Jamuqa attacked Temujin, and both fought. Temujin’s victory was gained with the help of inclimate weather which lead to a victory for Temujin. After the battle, all of Jamuqa’s troops were destroyed but he managed to escape. Genghis Khan demanded that Jamuqa and all his family to be slain, even the children. Jamuqa’s entire family was murdered including his wife, kids, uncles, cousins, brothers, in-laws, nieces and nephews. The Khan then declared that all the men of Jamuqa’s tribe and all the male children taller than a wagon wheel to be eliminated as well. Women and younger children were sold into slavery. After the Khan’s brutal massacre, the tribe Jamuqa belonged to ceased to exist (Cleaves). In the film, Genghis Khan goes into battle against Jamuqa, Targutai, and their army. When the thunderstorm begins, Jamuqa’s army began to flee out of fear of the storm; this is what allowed Genghis Khan to defeat him. After the defeat, both Jamuqa and Targutai tried to escape. Jamuqa successfully got away while Targutai was captured and killed by his own people. After he is killed, his body is brought to Genghis Khan where he commands Targutai’s betrayers to be killed. The people who were spared after the battle were taken into Genghis Khan’s army. Jamuqa was found, captured, and brought to Genghis Khan where he spares his …show more content…
At the time of Börte’s abduction by the Merkit tribe, she became pregnant with Temujin’s first son Jochi. Some researchers suggest that Börte was pregnant before the abduction and that Jochi was Temujin’s legitimate child. On the other hand others suggest that Börte was given as a wife to a member of the Merkit tribe which would means Temujin couldn’t have been Jochi’s legitimate child (Cleaves). After Jochi, Temujin and Börte had three more sons Chaghatai, Ogedei, and Tolui. Jochi would have been the successor to Genghis Khan, due to senority, but he died during his father’s lifetime leaving Chaghatai and Ogedei to become his successors. Chaghatai would become Khan for a short time only to be undermined by his brother Ogedei who would become the second great Khan of the Mongol Empire. Temujin would eventually have many more children including some daughters from other wives (Weatherford). The film only shows Temujin having two children instead of four, Jochi, Börte’s first son, and an adopted daughter Mongen. There are no records of Genghis Khan having any adopted children nor a daughter named Mongen
Many people ask “How Barbaric were the Barbarians”. The truth be told, the mongols were more barbaric than they were peaceful. They were able to conquer more than 4,800,000 miles of land using brutal and strategic military tactics, destroy and conquer cities, along with using extremely harsh punishments for their prisoners. Because of this, the mongols were able to stay in power for about 300 years. Many people believe that they mongols were more peaceful than they were barbaric because of how economically stable they were. However the mongols killed thousands and left millions terrified across Asia.
The Mongols, or as the Western Europeans called them, the Tartars, were a nomadic, militant people that dominated the battlefield during the pre-industrial time period (“Tartars” 7). Over the span of the 13th century, from the Central Asian steppes in the east to the Arabian lands to the west, the Tartars subdued the unfortunate inhabitants and expanded their empire vastly. To the fear and dismay of the Western Europeans, the Tartars desired to triumph over all of Eurasia; therefore, the Western Europeans were to be conquered next. News of the imminent Tartarian attack rapidly spread through West Europe like a wildfire, and the powerful Holy Roman Church contended to prepare a strategy against the onslaught. In the year 1245, Pope Innocent IV, the head of the Church at the time, sent a group of Friars led by Giovanni da Pian del Carpini to gather some knowledge about the Tartars. It was a dreaded mission, one that would probably end in a terrible death, since the Tartars were a cruel people towards outsiders. Nevertheless, Carpini valiantly ventured into the unknown darkness, and returned to his homeland with valuable information about the Tartars. Through the insight he gained during his travels, he wrote his account of the Tartars in a report called the “Historia Mongalorum” (“Tartars” 19), which is known today as “The Story of the Mongols Whom We Call the Tartars”.
Mongol empire was the largest land empire of the world has ever seen. First began as a nomadic group of tribes. Mongols were united and emerged into an empire that conquered lands stretching from Europe to Central Asia under the rule of Genghis Khan. The Mongol empire was able to succeed in expanding, and conquering was due to their ability to adapt to any living conditions, their sheer brutality force, and their strong military organization.
When the word “Mongol” is said I automatically think negative thoughts about uncultured, barbaric people who are horribly cruel and violent. That is only because I have only heard the word used to describe such a person. I have never really registered any initial information I have been taught about the subject pass the point of needing and having to know it. I felt quite incompetent on the subject and once I was given an assignment on the book, Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern Age, I was very perplexed for two reasons. One I have to read an outside book for a class that already requires a substantial amount of time reading the text, and secondly I have to write a research paper in History. I got over it and read the book, which surprisingly enough interested me a great deal and allow me to see the Moguls for more than just a barbaric group of Neanderthals, but rather a group of purpose driven warriors with a common goal of unity and progression. Jack Weatherford’s work has given me insight on and swayed my opinion of the Mongols.
Before Genghis Khan, the Mongols had been semi-barbaric and primitive nomadic tribes, becoming literate just a few years before the early 1200s. Kublai Khan was not only the grandson of Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, he was also the fifth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, and the founder of the Yuan Dynasty in China. The thesis of “Khubilai Khan His Life and Times” written by Morris Rossabi, is a biography that showed the significance of Khan’s life drawn on sources from a variety of countries, it goes into a detailed collection of his conquests and defeats. It is organized chronologically and topically in order to cover Khan’s exploits as a Mongol leader.
The military exploits of the Mongols under Ghengis Khan as well as other leaders and the ruthless brutality that characterized the Mongol conquests have survived in legend. The impact of the invasions can be traced through history from the different policies set forth to the contributions the Mongols gave the world. The idea of the ruthless barbarian’s intent upon world domination will always be a way to signify the Mongols. Living steadfast upon the barren steppe they rode out of Mongolia to pursue a better life for their people.
Genghis Khan’s leadership, the Mongols were simply a group of diverse tribes. Constantly hostile towards China, the Mongols went through the Bronze Age and Iron Age as separate tribes. However, during the 12th and 13th centuries, this would change. Thought to be born in 1155 or 1162, Temujin (later known as Chinggis and Genghis Khan) was one of six siblings and a violent nomad. Coincidently, he had a blood clot in his arm - to the Mongols, this was a sign meaning he was destined to become a great leader.
Documents 1, 2, and 7 clarify Mongol planning and successful execution. Document 1 distinguished how Chinggis Khan had strategically thought out a plan to perplex the Cathay when they attempted to invade the Mongols. Document 2 explains how they invaded, “...came in countless numbers, like locusts, into the land…” Document 7 explains Genghis’s reasoning for his attacks on the, “... Tangut people who rebelled against him” Furthermore, the Tangut people underestimated Genghis Khan’s authority, making them a foe in the Mongol’s
Throughout the 1100s, there was a constant war within the Mongols as to who would become the Khan, which is an official title that is given to the people’s ruler. The film, Mongol, is all about how Chinggis Khan, or Genghis Khan as many know him as, rose to power. The film starts off with Chinggis Khan as a prisoner of the Tangut kingdom where he then reminisces on his early life where he was known as Temujin, since he was yet to become the Mongol’s khan. The film follows Temujin from his life as a child to the moment right before he became the official khan of all the Mongols. With this being said, the film is not as historically accurate as one would think.
Over the years there have been many great nomadic groups, such as the Vikings and the Kievan, but no nomadic group has been more successful than the Mongols. The Mongols have had many lasting influences on Russia, China, and even Europe. The Mongols have left a mark on the European trading systems in technologies as well as in their trading systems trade routes. One thing that stayed the same throughout Europe was their many religion.
Arriving in this world with a blood clot in the palm of his hand , Genghis Khan was destined to be a hero. In 1167, Genghis Khan was born to Yisugei, Chieftain of the Kiyat-Borjigid, and his wife Ho’elun. He was named Temujin (which means blacksmith) after a Tatar Chieftain his father had just captured. As a young boy, Temujin experienced many hardships after his father was poisoned by a group of Tartars. This loss of their leader caused the Kiyat tribe to scatter, leaving Temujin and his family alone. Yet, with much will power and determination Temujin developed into an intelligent, brave warrior at an early age.
... were positive, one may argue that these individuals only saw the tolerant and fair-minded side of the Mongols, and not the relentless warrior part of the society who was known for its “dirty” tactics of war, which went as far as launching diseased-ridden corpses over the walls of castles during sieges. Alternatively, one may argue that the scholars who provided negative documentation of the Mongols only saw the destructive side, not the open-minded side of the society who were known for their cultural acceptance. Although these accounts allowed for an adequate idea of the nature of the Mongols, a record from a peasant who was not a member of the upper class in their society, as all reports presented were from historians, scholars, and political leaders. This would allow for a different perspective on the issue and would produce a better understanding of the topic.
In the 13th century BC, the Mongols rose to power and conquered an empire whose size still has yet to matched. The Mongols conquered lands such as China, leaving such a lasting influence on them that their legacy still lives on. However, despite the Mongols success, their actions have left a constantly ongoing debate on whether they were barbarians, seen and portrayed by different societies of their time as people with no morale or modern civilities, or civilized people who were just feared by other societies. Although the Mongols are generally now seen as Barbarians because of their violent and barbaric war tactics they used to instill fear in people, they are actually civilized because they had a strategically organized army, and because they were accepting of the customs of other peoples. These two elements would eventually lead them to their success.
The Mongols were also known for their surprise attack which spread to other armies, making it a keen warfare used all around the world. This battle tactic consisted of a group of men who are fighting out on the battlefield and they begin to retreat only to draw the enemy into a trap. The enemy runs into a rain of arrows as the rest of the men are hiding off to the side with loaded weapons, and fierce ground fighters ready for combat. This is one key that the Mongols had to help them conquer Asia. Lastly, the Mongols had a positive impact on the world because they united most of Asia.
This piece of literary work is one of the few surviving historical literature detailing about the Mongolians existence. The author is not known and even if people date it back to the year 1240, the real date when it was written and the literatures original title is still a debatable matter. Nevertheless, irrespective of these uncertainties, one thing is known to be for sure; the secret history of the Mongols is a piece of literary works that bears a lot of importance in literature and history. It owes its importance to the fact that it serves as a recount of the Mongol Khans genealogy and the times and life of Genghis Khan who founded the state of Mongol. The story tries to unveil the mysteries of great legends that existed in history.