Task 1 A Risk assessment There were minimal risks in this section of the practical as glucose is a sugar and is not harmful; however we still wore lab coats and goggles to protect our clothing and eyes from any accidental splashing. We also had to take care when using the pipettes so not to stab ourselves or anyone with them so we had to make sure that we had full concentration on the task and that no one was in too close proximity of you so that they are in danger of getting injured. We also had be careful not to smash any of the glass equipment as this could cause someone to get cut so to prevent this we tried hard not to smash any of the equipment and any breakages are cleared up following laboratory procedures and practices. How we performed …show more content…
We used the pipette filler and filled the glucose rinsed pipette to add 10ml of 10% of glucose in test tube 0. 3. We then took 1ml of the 10% glucose solution again using the glucose rinsed pipette and added it to test tube 1, we then filled the H2O rinsed pipette with 9ml of H2O and added it to test tube one; making 10ml of 1% solution. 4. Rinse the glucose pipette with solution from test tube 1. 5. We then took 1ml of the 1% solution from test tube 1 using the glucose pipette and added it to test tube 2, we then used the H2O pipette and added 9ml of H2O into test tube 2 creating 10ml of 0.1% solution 6. Rinse the glucose pipette with solution from test tube 2. 7. We then took 1ml of the 0.1% solution from test tube 2 using the glucose pipette and added it to test tube 3, we then used the H2O pipette and added 9ml of H2O into test tube 3 creating 10ml of 0.01% solution. 8. Rinse the glucose pipette with solution from test tube 3. 9. We finally took 1ml of the 0.01% solution from test tube using the glucose pipette and adding it to test tube 4, we then used the H2O pipette and added 9ml of H2O to test tube 4 creating 10ml of 0.001% solution. Serial dilution Concentration of glucose solution 0 10 1 1 2 0.1 3 …show more content…
Using the calorimeter, we firstly needed to calibrate the machine; to do this we took a tube of distilled water and tested it; we knew that this should measure 0 because distilled water is completely transparent. We could have done this with any known reference sample. Once we had calibrated the machine we could then test the real samples for their transparency, we tested all five of these samples a total of three times each. Between each different concentration of solution sample we had to re calibrate the machine using the distilled water again, so in total we did 20 colourimetry tests. We gained three results for each concentration of sample and then calculated an average from these three results; these are shown in the table below. Glucose solution concentration (%) Absorbance 1st (arbitrary units) Absorbance 2nd (arbitrary units) Absorbance 3rd (arbitrary units) Absorbance average (arbitrary units) 10 1.79 1.96 1.40 1.72 1 1.11 1.10 1.10 1.10 0.1 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.01 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.001 0.72 0.34 0.33 0.46 Risk
2. A test tube was then filled with 35ml of yeast and placed in the
These labels indicated the lactose solution that was be placed into the mini-microfuge tubes. The varying lactose ph solutions were obtained. The four miniature pipets were then used, (one per solution,) to add 1mL of the solution to the corresponding mini-microfuge tubes. When this step is completed there were two mini-microfuge tubes that matched the paper towel. Then, once all of the solutions contained their respective lactose solutions, 0.5mL of the lactase enzyme suspension was added to the first mini-microfuge tube labeled LPH4 on the paper towel, and 4 on the microfuge tube. As soon as the lactase enzyme suspension was added to the mini-microfuge tube, the timer was started in stopwatch mode (increasing.) When the timer reached 7 minutes and 30 seconds, the glucose test strip was dipped into the created solution in the mini-microfuge tube for 2 seconds (keep timer going, as the timer is also needed for the glucose strip. Once the two seconds had elapsed, the test strip was immediately removed, and the excess solution was wiped gently on the side of the mini-microfuge tube. The timer was continued for 30 addition seconds. Once the timer reached 7:32 (the extra two seconds accounting for the glucose dip), the test strip was then compared the glucose test strip color chart that is found on the side of the glucose test strip
how much base was needed in (ml). Once we titrated all the bottles we then
The purpose of a homeostatic system is to maintain steady/stable internal environment at a set point. Glucose is used as a major energy source by most cells in the human body. Cells break down glucose in order to produce ATP (energy), to carry out their cellular processes. Blood glucose concentration is maintained between 3.9-5.6 mmol/L-1. The reason behind this range is due to the fact that people of different ages and genders require different amounts of glucose in their blood to carry out different metabolic processes. For example, a growing teenage boy would require a higher blood glucose concentration in comparison to a middle aged women. Blood glucose concentration must be maintained between this set point range because anything above or below this can cause severe problems. If blood glucose concentration becomes too low the tissues in the body that solely rely on glucose as an energy source are greatly affected, as they need a constant supply of glucose in order to function adequately. These
We will tmeasure and put the right amount of sugar concentration into each cup of water, 40% 30% 20% 10 % and
Put the amount of 0.1M cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate that fills the end of a spatula into a test tube. Then add 2mL of 95% ethanol. Tap the end of the test tube to mix the solution and record the pertinent data in section 1 of the Data Table. Discard the solution in the appropriate container as directed to you by your lab instructor.
the water baths I think were accurate enough but having two thermometers in each bath maybe would have helped to hold the temperature readings more accurately. We were not given any instructions either to shake or not to shake the test tubes with the coloured solutions before inserting them in the spectrophotometer to read the absorbance. By shaking each test tube a certain number of times before putting it in the spectrophotometer could have improved the accuracy of the absorbance of the solutions.
Therefore, the glucose concentration of solution X could have been anything between 1% and 10% glucose concentration. By its color, it seemed to be closer to test tube 1; therefore, I estimated it to be 7%. However, this method is extremely inefficient, and that estimate could easily be wrong. Hence, this method is semi-quantitative and has several limitations. Too much is left down to estimation, where human error could easily occur because in-betweens cannot be accurately measured and have to be guessed at.
3.) Divide your 30g of white substance into the 4 test tubes evenly. You should put 7.5g into each test tube along with the water.
Blood glucose levels are the measurement of glucose in an individual’s blood. This is important because glucose is the body’s main source of fuel and the brains only source of fuel. Without energy from glucose the cells would die. Glucose homeostasis is primarily controlled in the liver, muscle, and fat where it stored as glycogen. The pancreas is also a significant organ that deals with glucose. The pancreas helps regulate blood glucose levels. Alpha-islet and beta-islet pancreatic cells measure blood glucose levels and they also regulate hormone release. Alpha cells produce glucagon and beta cells produce insulin. The body releases insulin in response to elevated blood glucose levels to allow the glucose inside of cells and
We then cut our potato tubes with the cork borer and cut them with the scalpel so they were the same length and weighed them. We then put one potato tube in each test tube and then added the same amount sugar solution in to each tube. The concentration of sugar solutions varied in each test tube.
There were five test solutions used in this experiment, water being the control, which were mixed with a yeast solution to cause fermentation. A 1ml pipetman was used to measure 1 ml of each of the test solutions and placed them in separated test tubes. The 1 ml pipetman was then used to take 1ml of the yeast solution, and placed 1ml of yeast into the five test tubes all containing 1 ml of the test solutions. A 1ml graduated pipette was placed separately in each of the test tubes and extracted 1ml of the solutions into it. Once the mixture was in the pipette, someone from the group placed a piece of parafilm securely on the open end of the pipette and upon completion removed the top part of the graduated pipette.
Since I am making a 0.1 Mconcentration, I will need 0.001 moles of each sugar.
Safety in school labs Safety remains one of the key elements in modern school labs; it is necessary for the staff to ensure the safety of all the lab users. All chemicals and equipment in the laboratory have the potential to harm if adequate safety measures are not taken into account. For lab use, you have to ensure that you follow the basic safety guidelines for the lab sessions. Always be aware of all the general safety precautions and familiarize yourself with the appropriate protective measures that can keep you safe (NIOSH, 2006). It is important to consider that serious damage could occur if the basic safety rules and regulations for lab practice are not followed.
second test tube also add 6 mL of 0.1M HCl. Make a solution of 0.165