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Literary analysis essay
Two kinds of literary analysis
Two kinds of literary analysis
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Search for Justice In a novel by William Styron, a father tells his son that life “ is a search for justice.” In Earnest J. Gaines novel Mrs. Emma, the godmother of Jefferson a black man convicted of murder in a crime he unwittingly took a part in, response to Jefferson’s conviction and death sentence by working outside of the legal system to find his redemption. In her own way she used the connections she had to make him see that he was more than a crime that he had committed, and more than the color of his skin. She was a motor throughout the story silently pushing people to do what she needed them to so that she could show others in the community she loved their own potential through Jefferson’s final moments, by making him accept that …show more content…
Emma is described as someone “of average height, five four,five five, but weighs nearly two hundred pounds.”(p.1). She is depicted as immovable in her faith in God and in the people in her life. This is shown by her blind faith in the justice system that fails Jefferson and herself and also by her faith that Grant will come through and teach Jefferson humanity. She used her connections to Mr. Pichot, her former employer, to get in contact with Sheriff Guidry, the brother-in-law of Mr. Pichot, who she hoped would do the right thing by her even though she had no way of guaranteeing it. Her strength and love was a catalyst for the only justice that happened to the black people in their Louisiana community during the novel, Jefferson walking to death like a man. His final words were in fact “ Tell Nannan I walked.” This final moment was the only justice she needed. She needed to know that she would see her godson again, that he knew his that he was a man, and that he knew she loved him, which she showed by bringing him her own homemade food, and giving him her unwavering faith throughout his …show more content…
“ What justice would it be to take this life? Justice, gentlemen? Why, I would just as soon put a hog in the electric chair as this.” This began Jefferson’s spiral in jail, acting like a hog, eating food that was made for him by Ms. Emma, on the floor without using his hands, tactlessly ignoring his own family and friends. The idea of making Jefferson walk to death like a man, came from a desire to change the status of black Americans in their town and in the legal system in general, Ms. Emma drives this change by in the same way that she drives the rest of the story, by using the relationships that she had with other people to further her own agenda, and the advancement of African Americans. In her own way she takes over as a Rosa Parks figure, not standing up for the white man, or the predominantly white legal system, that controlled the journey of her
The purpose of this essay is to compare three very similar cases, the Scottsboro Trials, Brown v. Mississippi, and the fictional trial of Tom Robinson in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird; and to prove why the defendant of the third trial never had a chance. Each took place in the rural South in the 1920’s and 30’s and involved the unfair conviction of young black males by all-white juries pressured by the threat of mob violence. Each lacked the evidence sufficient for conviction, most especially for the death penalty. Last, heroes emerged from each trial and made small but solid steps towards equal justice for all.
In Ernest J. Gaines novel A Lesson Before Dying, a young African-American man named Jefferson is caught in the middle of a liquor shootout, and, as the only survivor, is convicted of murder and sentenced to death. During Jefferson’s trial, the defense attorney had called him an uneducated hog as an effort to have him released, but the jury ignored this and sentenced him to death by electrocution anyways. Appalled by this, Jefferson’s godmother, Miss Emma, asks the sheriff if visitations by her and the local school teacher, Grant Wiggins, would be possible to help Jefferson become a man before he dies. The sheriff agrees, and Miss Emma and Mr. Wiggins begin visiting Jefferson in his jail cell. Throughout the book, Jefferson has two seemingly opposite choices in front of him; become a man, and make his godmother and other relatives proud by dying with dignity, or, remain in the state of a hog with the mentality that nothing matters because he will die regardless of his actions. The choices Jefferson is faced with, and the choice he makes, highlights the book’s idea of having dignity ...
However, when a black person was found out to even be chatting with identified members of the NAACP or SNCC, their jobs were immediately at risk. This threat to their one, limited source of income (often used to support entire families), meant that until job security was addressed, Moody would never see the number of black people voting that was needed to change their situation. The irony was that unless things changed, most black people would remain limited and tied to the bonds of debt and poverty. When Moody 's stepmother Emma was accidentally shot in the foot after becoming involved in a black married couple’s fight regarding money and the husband’s frustrations at not finding work, Moody admired Emma because she did not blame the husband; rather, “she placed the blame where it rightfully belonged," on the white people who created and supported a system where it was “almost impossible for the Negro men to earn a living” (226). Despite her hope, Moody admits that from the beginning that she knew the cause was hopeless. Until the issue of money and the access to opportunities to earn that money were fair and equal between black people and white people, black people would “never stop being scared” of the white people who held the positions of power
For Jefferson, racial injustice is present in court. Because of the color of his skin, Jefferson was automatically found guilty by those 12 men. “12 white men say a black man must die, and another white man sets the date and time without consulting one black person, Justice?” (157) The jury that decided his sentence was made up of 12 white men. Jefferson’s trial was unfair because the verdict was made by all white men. Jefferson was really just at the wrong place at the wrong time, but the biased jury saw him as guilty before finding any real evidence. This scene from court is an example of how Jefferson is treated unfairly because of the way he is viewed by others.
Without compassion, everyone would remain separated and divided which would only keep people from uniting to make the world a better place. Grant’s lack of compassion keeps him from developing a better relationship with Miss Emma as well as keeping him from helping Jefferson. Miss Emma is family to Grant and it would be in his best interest to help her, so his refusal to help Jefferson creates a barrier in their relationship. Later on in the story, Grant speaks to Jefferson in one of their meetings at the courthouse that lead up to Jefferson’s execution. Jefferson has been lost in thought as he has lost any and all motivation to reason with Grant. In an attempt to encourage Jefferson to try and better his relationship with Miss Emma, Grant states, “A hero does for others. He would do anything for people he loves, because he knows it would make their lives better. I am not that kind of person…You could give them something that I never could” (Gaines 191). In this excerpt, Grant tries to motivate Jefferson to be a better person than Grant by helping those he loves and putting their well-being above his
In the beginning of the book when Grant and Jefferson are talking at the jail, Jefferson says““I’m a old hog,” he said. “Youmans don’t stay in no stall like this. I’m a old hog they fattening up to kill.””(Gaines 83). Jefferson has no dignity whatsoever and clings to the belief that he is a worthless hog. However, by the end of t...
The attorney claims that it would be wrong to kill a man no more intelligent than a hog. This is seen as very controversial and is almost a turning point in the story. From that moment on Jefferson was dedicated to not die “like a hog” and rather “die like a man”. He learns how to read and write and most of all his dignity was at an all time high. The symbol of the hog has a huge role in this book, as it is the driving force behind the whole bigger meaning of this story. By dying with courage, Jefferson was told he would always be
One of the major events in Harper Lee’s award-winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird is Tom Robinson’s trial. It is based on the Scottsboro Case that took place in 1931 in Alabama, in which several black men were accused of raping two white women. Both the Scottsboro Boys and Tom Robinson are unfairly judged, however, because of prejudice against colored people. The racial discrimination makes whites’ testimony more believable even when it contradicts itself. The same happens in To Kill a Mockingbird. As we delve deeper into the case and get increasingly closer to the truth, it is quite suprising to see that Mayella Ewell is the true villain rather than a victim. She shall and must bear full responsibility for her actions because she makes the decision to tempt Tom Robinson, gives false testimony in court that directly leads to Tom’s death, and has been well aware of the consequences of her behaviors.
In this book, Ernest J. Gaines presents three views to determine manhood: law, education and religion. Jefferson has been convicted of a crime, and though he did not commit it, he is sentenced to death as a "hog" a word that denies any sense of worth or fragment of dignity he may have possessed in a world ruled by oppressive white bigots. Jefferson is at an even greater loss as he has no education and after the conviction he doubts that God can even exist in a world that would send an innocent man to his death. It is clear that Jefferson does not believe he has any value. " ‘I’m an old hog. Just an old hog they fattening up to kill for Christmas’ " (83).
The story starts off by Jefferson being accused of a crime that he did not commit, he was forced into being with the criminals and was the only person in the store who was not shot and killed. Jefferson, being an African American, was discriminated against by the jury and was sent to jail. “The judge commended the twelve white men for reaching a quick and just verdict”(Gaines 8). This is one of the first events to take place in the novel revealing quickly that the story is taking place in a time of racism. Jefferson was sentenced to death by electrocution, not only causing depression in Jefferson and his family, but also causing many internal conflicts in Jefferson and Grant.
Summary: This story is about racism in the south and how it affects the people it concerns. It starts out with Jefferson being sentenced to death for a crime that he did not commit. He was in the wrong place, at the wrong time, and because he was black, they assumed he did it. Grant Wiggins is told to go up to the jail and convince Jefferson that he is a man. At first he doesn’t know how to make Jefferson see that he is a man, but through visiting Jefferson, talking to Vivian and witnessing things around the community, he is able to reach Jefferson, convince him that he was a man.
It was a little bit harder for Jefferson to remember his commitment to his nannan and to the town. He had been charged with a crime he did not commit and didn’t know how to deal with it. They were asking a lot from a man who knew he was going to die soon."Me, Mr. Wiggins. Me. Me to take the cross. Your cross, nannan's cross, my own cross. Me, Mr. Wiggins. This old stumbling nigger. Y'all axe a lot, Mr. Wiggins." [p. 224] It takes a strong man to forget about yourself and do something for someone else when your in the position that Jefferson is in. It took a while; but Jefferson did what had to be done, in the end.
In conclusion, Jefferson himself starts to lose all humanity for himself and is convinced he is no more worthy than a hog. Throughout his time in the prison, he begins to start mocking a hog but Miss Emma makes it her mission to convince him otherwise. She enlists Grant’s help to make sure Jefferson gains confidence and dignity that he is a man, worthy of humanity. Jefferson is caught is society’s lie, that he no more than a mere possession, unworthy of humanity and
At the beginning of the novel Jefferson is introduced during his own trial for a murder he did not commit. At the trial, Jefferson’s attorney argues that Jefferson is too stupid to plan a murder and that killing him would be like killing a“hog”, but Jefferson still gets sentenced to death by electrocution. After his incarceration Mrs.Emma and Grant visit Jefferson for the first time. During their visit, Jefferson says to Miss Emma, “Nothing don't matter”(73). In this visit Jefferson thinks that nothing in his life matters because he is going to be killed anyway. For the rest of the visit Jefferson does not answer to Mrs.Emma’s questions, he refuses to eat her food, and only worries about when they are going to execute him. Jefferson vaguely says “When they go’n do it? Tomorrow?”(73). Jefferson knows that no matter what he will still be executed therefore he only wants to know when it will happen.
These injustices have begun long before Tom’s trial, but it is his trial which epitomizes the problems with our society. The first witness was simply just a misguided fellow named Heck Tate who it seems didn’t have much to offer to the case. Next, Atticus Finch called Bob Ewell to the stand. When I saw Ewell take the stand such a fierce hatred rose within me that I began to shake and tremble. Ewell wrongfully accused Tom of raping his daughter Mayella, however, with the grace of God, Atticus Finch had shown that it was very possible that it was Bob Ewell who because he was a lefty could have beat Mayella. If it were not for great men like Atticus Finch I would have lost all hope for this world. As I watched Mayella take the stand I wondered how such a kind looking person could be someone of such poor character. Her words seemed to paint a picture of a sad life; one where a father neglects her and she has fallen under hard times. Atticus, after pointing out it was probably Bob who beat her, asked Mayella who it really was that beat her. Mayella made it clear it was Tom Robinson, upon which Atticus asked Tom to stand. To the astonishment of the court Tom was handicapped! Tom was then called to the stand where he laid open for all to see the truth, explaining that it was Mayella who came on to him (that treacherous woman!). Soon enough the trial ended and every one awaited the verdict of the jury. The next few hours were the most nerve wracking of my life.